6,376 research outputs found
Machine Intelligence Techniques for Next-Generation Context-Aware Wireless Networks
The next generation wireless networks (i.e. 5G and beyond), which would be
extremely dynamic and complex due to the ultra-dense deployment of
heterogeneous networks (HetNets), poses many critical challenges for network
planning, operation, management and troubleshooting. At the same time,
generation and consumption of wireless data are becoming increasingly
distributed with ongoing paradigm shift from people-centric to machine-oriented
communications, making the operation of future wireless networks even more
complex. In mitigating the complexity of future network operation, new
approaches of intelligently utilizing distributed computational resources with
improved context-awareness becomes extremely important. In this regard, the
emerging fog (edge) computing architecture aiming to distribute computing,
storage, control, communication, and networking functions closer to end users,
have a great potential for enabling efficient operation of future wireless
networks. These promising architectures make the adoption of artificial
intelligence (AI) principles which incorporate learning, reasoning and
decision-making mechanism, as natural choices for designing a tightly
integrated network. Towards this end, this article provides a comprehensive
survey on the utilization of AI integrating machine learning, data analytics
and natural language processing (NLP) techniques for enhancing the efficiency
of wireless network operation. In particular, we provide comprehensive
discussion on the utilization of these techniques for efficient data
acquisition, knowledge discovery, network planning, operation and management of
the next generation wireless networks. A brief case study utilizing the AI
techniques for this network has also been provided.Comment: ITU Special Issue N.1 The impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on
communication networks and services, (To appear
Reconfigurable Wireless Networks
Driven by the advent of sophisticated and ubiquitous applications, and the
ever-growing need for information, wireless networks are without a doubt
steadily evolving into profoundly more complex and dynamic systems. The user
demands are progressively rampant, while application requirements continue to
expand in both range and diversity. Future wireless networks, therefore, must
be equipped with the ability to handle numerous, albeit challenging
requirements. Network reconfiguration, considered as a prominent network
paradigm, is envisioned to play a key role in leveraging future network
performance and considerably advancing current user experiences. This paper
presents a comprehensive overview of reconfigurable wireless networks and an
in-depth analysis of reconfiguration at all layers of the protocol stack. Such
networks characteristically possess the ability to reconfigure and adapt their
hardware and software components and architectures, thus enabling flexible
delivery of broad services, as well as sustaining robust operation under highly
dynamic conditions. The paper offers a unifying framework for research in
reconfigurable wireless networks. This should provide the reader with a
holistic view of concepts, methods, and strategies in reconfigurable wireless
networks. Focus is given to reconfigurable systems in relatively new and
emerging research areas such as cognitive radio networks, cross-layer
reconfiguration and software-defined networks. In addition, modern networks
have to be intelligent and capable of self-organization. Thus, this paper
discusses the concept of network intelligence as a means to enable
reconfiguration in highly complex and dynamic networks. Finally, the paper is
supported with several examples and case studies showing the tremendous impact
of reconfiguration on wireless networks.Comment: 28 pages, 26 figures; Submitted to the Proceedings of the IEEE (a
special issue on Reconfigurable Systems
A Survey on Legacy and Emerging Technologies for Public Safety Communications
Effective emergency and natural disaster management depend on the efficient
mission-critical voice and data communication between first responders and
victims. Land Mobile Radio System (LMRS) is a legacy narrowband technology used
for critical voice communications with limited use for data applications.
Recently Long Term Evolution (LTE) emerged as a broadband communication
technology that has a potential to transform the capabilities of public safety
technologies by providing broadband, ubiquitous, and mission-critical voice and
data support. For example, in the United States, FirstNet is building a
nationwide coast-to-coast public safety network based of LTE broadband
technology. This paper presents a comparative survey of legacy and the
LTE-based public safety networks, and discusses the LMRS-LTE convergence as
well as mission-critical push-to-talk over LTE. A simulation study of LMRS and
LTE band class 14 technologies is provided using the NS-3 open source tool. An
experimental study of APCO-25 and LTE band class 14 is also conducted using
software-defined radio, to enhance the understanding of the public safety
systems. Finally, emerging technologies that may have strong potential for use
in public safety networks are reviewed.Comment: Accepted at IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorial
Towards Massive Machine Type Cellular Communications
Cellular networks have been engineered and optimized to carrying
ever-increasing amounts of mobile data, but over the last few years, a new
class of applications based on machine-centric communications has begun to
emerge. Automated devices such as sensors, tracking devices, and meters - often
referred to as machine-to-machine (M2M) or machine-type communications (MTC) -
introduce an attractive revenue stream for mobile network operators, if a
massive number of them can be efficiently supported. The novel technical
challenges posed by MTC applications include increased overhead and control
signaling as well as diverse application-specific constraints such as ultra-low
complexity, extreme energy efficiency, critical timing, and continuous data
intensive uploading. This paper explains the new requirements and challenges
that large-scale MTC applications introduce, and provides a survey on key
techniques for overcoming them. We focus on the potential of 4.5G and 5G
networks to serve both the high data rate needs of conventional human-type
communications (HTC) subscribers and the forecasted billions of new MTC
devices. We also opine on attractive economic models that will enable this new
class of cellular subscribers to grow to its full potential.Comment: accepted and to appear in the IEEE Wireless Communications Magazin
Markov Decision Processes with Applications in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of autonomous and resource-limited
devices. The devices cooperate to monitor one or more physical phenomena within
an area of interest. WSNs operate as stochastic systems because of randomness
in the monitored environments. For long service time and low maintenance cost,
WSNs require adaptive and robust methods to address data exchange, topology
formulation, resource and power optimization, sensing coverage and object
detection, and security challenges. In these problems, sensor nodes are to make
optimized decisions from a set of accessible strategies to achieve design
goals. This survey reviews numerous applications of the Markov decision process
(MDP) framework, a powerful decision-making tool to develop adaptive algorithms
and protocols for WSNs. Furthermore, various solution methods are discussed and
compared to serve as a guide for using MDPs in WSNs
eBPF-based Content and Computation-aware Communication for Real-time Edge Computing
By placing computation resources within a one-hop wireless topology, the
recent edge computing paradigm is a key enabler of real-time Internet of Things
(IoT) applications. In the context of IoT scenarios where the same information
from a sensor is used by multiple applications at different locations, the data
stream needs to be replicated. However, the transportation of parallel streams
might not be feasible due to limitations in the capacity of the network
transporting the data. To address this issue, a content and computation-aware
communication control framework is proposed based on the Software Defined
Network (SDN) paradigm. The framework supports multi-streaming using the
extended Berkeley Packet Filter (eBPF), where the traffic flow and packet
replication for each specific computation process is controlled by a program
running inside an in-kernel Virtual Ma- chine (VM). The proposed framework is
instantiated to address a case-study scenario where video streams from multiple
cameras are transmitted to the edge processor for real-time analysis. Numerical
results demonstrate the advantage of the proposed framework in terms of
programmability, network bandwidth and system resource savings.Comment: This article has been accepted for publication in the IEEE
International Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM Workshops), 201
Sleeping Multi-Armed Bandit Learning for Fast Uplink Grant Allocation in Machine Type Communications
Scheduling fast uplink grant transmissions for machine type communications
(MTCs) is one of the main challenges of future wireless systems. In this paper,
a novel fast uplink grant scheduling method based on the theory of multi-armed
bandits (MABs) is proposed. First, a single quality-of-service metric is
defined as a combination of the value of data packets, maximum tolerable access
delay, and data rate. Since full knowledge of these metrics for all machine
type devices (MTDs) cannot be known in advance at the base station (BS) and the
set of active MTDs changes over time, the problem is modeled as a sleeping MAB
with stochastic availability and a stochastic reward function. In particular,
given that, at each time step, the knowledge on the set of active MTDs is
probabilistic, a novel probabilistic sleeping MAB algorithm is proposed to
maximize the defined metric. Analysis of the regret is presented and the effect
of the prediction error of the source traffic prediction algorithm on the
performance of the proposed sleeping MAB algorithm is investigated. Moreover,
to enable fast uplink allocation for multiple MTDs at each time, a novel method
is proposed based on the concept of best arms ordering in the MAB setting.
Simulation results show that the proposed framework yields a three-fold
reduction in latency compared to a random scheduling policy since it
prioritises the scheduling of MTDs that have stricter latency requirements.
Moreover, by properly balancing the exploration versus exploitation tradeoff,
the proposed algorithm can provide system fairness by allowing the most
important MTDs to be scheduled more often while also allowing the less
important MTDs to be selected enough times to ensure the accuracy of estimation
of their importance
Wireless Internet over Heterogeneous Wireless Networks
One of the two keywords for the next generation wireless communications is seamless. Being involved in the essential e-Japan Plan promoted by the Japanese Government, the MIRAI (Multimedia Integrated network by Radio Access Innovation) project is responsible for the research and development on the seamless integration of various wireless access systems for practical use by the year 2005. A heterogeneous network architecture including a common tool, a common platform, and a common access is proposed in this paper. Concretely, software-defined-radio technologies are used to develop a multi-service user terminal to be used for access to different wireless networks. The common platform for various wireless networks is based on a wireless supporting IPv6 network. A basic access network, separated from other wireless access networks, is used as a means for wireless system discovery, signaling and paging. A proof-of-concept experimental demonstration system is available from March 200
Energy and Information Management of Electric Vehicular Network: A Survey
The connected vehicle paradigm empowers vehicles with the capability to
communicate with neighboring vehicles and infrastructure, shifting the role of
vehicles from a transportation tool to an intelligent service platform.
Meanwhile, the transportation electrification pushes forward the electric
vehicle (EV) commercialization to reduce the greenhouse gas emission by
petroleum combustion. The unstoppable trends of connected vehicle and EVs
transform the traditional vehicular system to an electric vehicular network
(EVN), a clean, mobile, and safe system. However, due to the mobility and
heterogeneity of the EVN, improper management of the network could result in
charging overload and data congestion. Thus, energy and information management
of the EVN should be carefully studied. In this paper, we provide a
comprehensive survey on the deployment and management of EVN considering all
three aspects of energy flow, data communication, and computation. We first
introduce the management framework of EVN. Then, research works on the EV
aggregator (AG) deployment are reviewed to provide energy and information
infrastructure for the EVN. Based on the deployed AGs, we present the research
work review on EV scheduling that includes both charging and vehicle-to-grid
(V2G) scheduling. Moreover, related works on information communication and
computing are surveyed under each scenario. Finally, we discuss open research
issues in the EVN
Next-generation Wireless Solutions for the Smart Factory, Smart Vehicles, the Smart Grid and Smart Cities
5G wireless systems will extend mobile communication services beyond mobile
telephony, mobile broadband, and massive machine-type communication into new
application domains, namely the so-called vertical domains including the smart
factory, smart vehicles, smart grid, smart city, etc. Supporting these vertical
domains comes with demanding requirements: high-availability, high-reliability,
low-latency, and in some cases, high-accuracy positioning. In this survey, we
first identify the potential key performance requirements of 5G communication
in support of automation in the vertical domains and highlight the 5G enabling
technologies conceived for meeting these requirements. We then discuss the key
challenges faced both by industry and academia which have to be addressed in
order to support automation in the vertical domains. We also provide a survey
of the related research dedicated to automation in the vertical domains.
Finally, our vision of 6G wireless systems is discussed briefly
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