Preparation of NiO catalyst on FeCrAI substrate using various techniques at higher oxidation process

The cheap nickel oxide (NiO) is a potential catalyst candidate to replace the expensive available platinum group metals (PGM). However, the current methods to adhere the NiO powder on the metallic substrates are complicated. Therefore, this work explored the development of nickel oxide using nickel (Ni) on FeCrAl substrate through the combination of nickel electroplating and oxidation process for catalytic converter application. The approach was started with assessment of various nickel electroplating process based on the weight gain during oxidation. Then, the next experiment used the best process in which the pre-treatment using the solution of SiC and/or Al2O3 in methanol. The specimens then were carried out to short term oxidation process using thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) at 1000 o C. Meanwhile, the long term oxidation process was conducted using an automatic furnace at 900, 1000 and 1100 o C. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used for surface analysis in nanometer range scale. Meanwhile, roughness test was used for roughness measurement analysis in micrometer range scale. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) attached with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) were used for surface and cross section morphology analysis. The specimen of FeCrAl treated using ultrasonic prior to nickel electroplating showed the lowest weight gain during oxidation. The surface area of specimens increased after ultrasonic treatment. The electroplating process improved the high temperature oxidation resistance. In short term oxidation process indicated that the ultrasonic with SiC provided the lower parabolic rate constant (kp) and the Al2O3 and NiO layers were also occurred. The Ni layer was totally disappeared and converted to NiO layer on FeCrAl surface after long term oxidation process. From this work, the ultrasonic treatment prior to nickel electroplating was the best method to adhere NiO on FeCrAl substrate

Integration of a prototype wireless communication system with micro-electromechanical temperature and humidity sensor for concrete pavement health monitoring

In recent years, structural health monitoring and management (SHMM) has become a popular approach and is considered essential for achieving well-performing, long-lasting, sustainable transportation infrastructure systems. Key requirements in ideal SHMM of road infrastructure include long-term, continuous, and real-time monitoring of pavement response and performance under various pavement geometry-materials-loading configurations and environmental conditions. With advancements in wireless technologies, integration of wireless communications into sensing device is considered an alternate and superior solution to existing time- and labor-intensive wired sensing systems in meeting the requirements of an ideal SHMM. This study explored the development and integration of a wireless communications sub-system into a commercial off-the-shelf micro-electromechanical sensor-based concrete pavement monitoring system. A success-rate test was performed after the wireless transmission system was buried in the concrete slab, and the test results indicated that the system was able to provide reliable communications at a distance of more than 46 m (150 feet). This will be a useful feature for highway engineers performing routine pavement scans from the pavement shoulder without the need for traffic control or road closure

SysMART Indoor Services: A System of Smart and Connected Supermarkets

Smart gadgets are being embedded almost in every aspect of our lives. From smart cities to smart watches, modern industries are increasingly supporting the Internet of Things (IoT). SysMART aims at making supermarkets smart, productive, and with a touch of modern lifestyle. While similar implementations to improve the shopping experience exists, they tend mainly to replace the shopping activity at the store with online shopping. Although online shopping reduces time and effort, it deprives customers from enjoying the experience. SysMART relies on cutting-edge devices and technology to simplify and reduce the time required during grocery shopping inside the supermarket. In addition, the system monitors and maintains perishable products in good condition suitable for human consumption. SysMART is built using state-of-the-art technologies that support rapid prototyping and precision data acquisition. The selected development environment is LabVIEW with its world-class interfacing libraries. The paper comprises a detailed system description, development strategy, interface design, software engineering, and a thorough analysis and evaluation.Comment: 7 pages, 11 figur

A Zigbee Based Cost-Effective Home Monitoring System Using WSN

WSNs are vital in a variety of applications, including environmental monitoring, industrial process control, and healthcare. WSNs are a network of spatially scattered and dedicated sensors that monitor and record the physical conditions of the environment.Significant obstacles to WSN efficiency include the restricted power and processing capabilities of individual sensor nodes and the issues with remote and inaccessible deployment sites. By maximising power utilisation, enhancing network effectiveness, and ensuring adaptability and durability through dispersed and decentralised operation, this study suggests a comprehensive approach to dealing with these challenges. The suggested methodology involves data compression, aggregation, and energy-efficient protocol. Using these techniques, WSN lifetimes can be increased and overall performance can be improved. In this study we also provide methods to collect data generated by several nodes in the WSN and store it in a remote cloud such that it can be processed and analyzed whenever it is required.Comment: Paper has been presented at ICCCNT 2023 and the final version will be published in IEEE Digital Library Xplor

A fuzzy logic micro-controller enabled system for the monitoring of micro climatic parameters of a greenhouse

Motivation behind this master dissertation is to introduce a novel study called " A fuzzy logic micro-controller enabled system for the monitoring of micro-climatic parameters of a greenhouse" which is capable of intelligently monitoring and controlling the greenhouse climate conditions in a preprogrammed manner. The proposed system consists of three stations: Sensor Station, Coordinator Station, and Central Station. To allow for better monitoring of the climate condition in the greenhouse, fuzzy logic controller is embedded in the system as the system becomes more intelligent with fuzzy decision making. The sensor station is equipped with several sensor elements such as MQ-7 (Carbon monoxide sensor), DHT11 (Temperature and humidity sensor), LDR (light sensor), grove moisture sensor (soil moisture sensor). The communication between the sensor station and the coordinator station is achieved through XBee wireless modules connected to the Arduino Mega and the communication between coordinator station and the central station is also achieved via XBee wireless modules connected to the Arduino Mega. The experiments and tests of the system were carried out at one of IKHALA TVET COLLEGE’s greenhouses that is used for learning purposes by students studying agriculture at the college. The purpose of conducting the experiments at the college’s green house was to determine the functionality and reliability of the designed wireless sensor network using ZigBee wireless technology. The experiment result indicated that XBee modules could be used as one solution to lower the installation cost, increase flexibility and reliability and create a greenhouse management system that is only based on wireless nodes. The experiment result also showed that the system became more intelligent if fuzzy logic was used by the system for decision making. The overall system design showed advantages in cost, size, power, flexibility and intelligence. It is trusted that the results of the project will give the chance for further research and development of a low cost greenhouse monitoring system for commercial use.Electrical and Mining EngineeringM. Tech. (Electrical Engineering

Development of a Low-Cost Wireless Bee-Hive Temperature and Sound Monitoring System

Precision beekeeping requires data acquisition, data analysis, and applications where the initial phase data on the beehive plays a fundamental role. This method of apiculture could be used to measure different bee colony parameters in real time, leveraging on wireless sensing technologies, which aid monitoring of a bee colony, and enhances the monitoring of infectious diseases like colony collapse disorder–a major loss in the management of honey bee population. In this paper, a low-cost wireless technology-based system, which measures in real-time, the temperature in and around the beehive, and the sound intensity inside the hive is presented. This monitoring system is developed using an Arduino microprocessor, an ESP8266 communication module, and a web-based server. The proposed system provides valuable information concerning the bee colony behavior in terms of temperature variations and sound characteristics. Based on the measured temperature and sound information, colony beekeepers could easily detect events like increased food usage by the bees, breeding start time, pre-swarming action, actual swarming pattern, and the bee colony's death

Intelligent Greenhouse Monitoring and Control System Based Arduino UNO Microcontroller

Nowadays, there is a significant diminution in agricultural production due to the unpredictable control of crop climate conditions. Thus, to alleviate the crops exposure from excess cold or heat and unwanted pests, an intelligent environment monitoring and control system based Arduino UNO board consisting of ATmega 328P microcontroller has been developed for a small-scale agriculture namely greenhouse. The system user can monitor and control the greenhouse climate conditions remotely via web interface/mobile applications and GSM in a real-time manner. To deliver the environmental conditions in a timely manner, low-cost wireless sensor network (WSN) is used to monitor the temperature, humidity, soil moisture and light of the greenhouse. The sensor network constitutes a multi-hop network structure for large coverage. The developed system is implemented and tested in laboratory conditions using Proteus toolkit. Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) tool is used to develop necessary software. The results show that the proposed system can closely monitor and evaluate greenhouse farming field conditions accurately. Finally, the user can send control decisions instantly to boost the yield growth conditions and thus, increase the crop production considerably

Performance IEEE 802.14.5 and zigbee protocol on realtime monitoring augmented reality based wireless sensor network system

The internet of Thing (IoT)technology has much development in this era. It has various wireless media transmission systems such as ESP and XBEE. Some IoT device can monitor website or application. On the other hand, Augmented Reality (AR) is a technology that used more on the entertainment sector. Here, we try to use AR to monitor the xbee based IoT device. As a result, there is the different result between Zigbee Protocol and IEEE 802.14.5 real time monitoring system. The optimum estimation of realtime time tolerance of those monitoring systems is >1500 ms (IEEE 804.14.5) and > 50 ms (Zigbee protocol)