Special Libraries, September 1941

Volume 32, Issue 7https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/sla_sl_1941/1006/thumbnail.jp

Argonauts of the Western Pacific

The introductory chapter, entitled 'The Subject, Method and Scope of this Enquiry,' details how anthropology is to be pursued as a science and advocates the method of participant observation

Accessibility of Health Data Representations for Older Adults: Challenges and Opportunities for Design

Health data of consumer off-the-shelf wearable devices is often conveyed to users through visual data representations and analyses. However, this is not always accessible to people with disabilities or older people due to low vision, cognitive impairments or literacy issues. Due to trade-offs between aesthetics predominance or information overload, real-time user feedback may not be conveyed easily from sensor devices through visual cues like graphs and texts. These difficulties may hinder critical data understanding. Additional auditory and tactile feedback can also provide immediate and accessible cues from these wearable devices, but it is necessary to understand existing data representation limitations initially. To avoid higher cognitive and visual overload, auditory and haptic cues can be designed to complement, replace or reinforce visual cues. In this paper, we outline the challenges in existing data representation and the necessary evidence to enhance the accessibility of health information from personal sensing devices used to monitor health parameters such as blood pressure, sleep, activity, heart rate and more. By creating innovative and inclusive user feedback, users will likely want to engage and interact with new devices and their own data

You Write Like A Girl : Analyzing the Rhetoric of Gender Bias in the Literary Establishment and Implications for Student Writing Development

Using Lloyd Bitzer’s model of the rhetorical situation, I have parsed current rhetorical statements made by prominent female authors, such as Jodi Picoult, Jennifer Weiner, Margaret Atwood, Toni Morrison, bell hooks, and Francine Prose, to examine their claim that the literary establishment practices gender bias against women’s writing. The main speakers argue that literary gatekeepers -such as critical review journals, editors, publishers, awards juries, and academic institutions - marginalize women’s writing through systemic patriarchal institutional mechanisms. Joanna Russ, in her 1985 book How to Suppress Women’s Writing, deconstructs the ways in which women’s writing is biased against by literary institutions: “she wrote it, but look at what she wrote” (it falls outside of patriarchal conventions determining what is great writing; may be too feminine in subject matter, title, perspective, i.e. not of “universal” appeal.); “she wrote it, but she only wrote one of it” (women don’t produce enough writing to get equal attention in the literary establishment); “she wrote it, but ‘it’ isn’t art” (it doesn’t fit a patriarchal model of “great” writing); “she didn’t write it” (‘it’ is attributed to male writers or other masculine influences/authority figures known to the female author, or as mimesis). By blending the models of Bitzer and Russ, I am able to construct the rhetoric as a contemporary and active rhetorical situation, and examine its main arguments, its audience and the constraints that influence rhetorical response, and the movement of the rhetorical situation over time. The final analysis discusses the effect of the rhetorical situation of gender bias on women writers as a psychological effect that provokes new rhetorical speakers, and which may result in diminished confidence and future writing development for emerging female writers. Additional theorists and rhetorical speakers include Helene Cixous, Luce Irigaray, Lillian Robinson, Dale Spender, Roxane Gay, Monica Dux, Meg Wolitzer, Adrienne Rich, Tillie Olsen, Elaine Showalter, and Sandra Gilbert and Sarah Gubar

Tokyo University and the War

Tachibana Takashi analyzes the impact of World War II on Tokyo University and Tokyo University\u27s impact on the war: attacks from outside, faculty politics and purges, institutional expansion, the sacrifice of liberal arts students to the war machine, and heroic dissenting professors who tried in vain to bring the war to an early end. Translated and edited by Richard H. Minearhttps://scholarworks.umass.edu/history_oapubs/1000/thumbnail.jp