Healthcare professionals acting ethically under the risk of stigmatization and violence during COVID-19 from media reports in Turkey

Abstract Aim: The COVID-19 infection is transmitted either by human-to-human contact, social-physical contact, and respiratory droplets or by touching items touched by the infected. This has triggered some conflicted behaviors such as stigma, violence, and opposite behavior applause. The aim of this study is to explore several newspaper articles about stigma, violence, or insensitive behavior against healthcare professionals and to analyze the reason for these behaviors during these COVID-19 pandemics. Method: The website of the Turkish Medical Association "Press Releases News" and online newspaper articles have been scanned using keywords and have been classified and analyzed according to the content of articles between the periods of March 11 to April 28, 2020. This is a qualitative study with content analysis. No official ethical permission was obtained as the study was conducted through open access internet news sites. Result: 16 reports were selected from online reports that matched the keywords of the study. 13 of these reports included desensitization, violence, lack of precaution, stigmatization, and applause, and 3 reports included doctors’ statements. After being categorized, content analyses were conducted. Conclusion: This study revealed the necessity of a multi-faceted evaluation of the problems faced by healthcare professionals who are at the forefront of the COVID-19 outbreak. This study has a primary role in the detection, diagnosis, and treatment of the pandemic and reveals that doctors are trying to fulfill their duties in an ethical framework despite stigmatized behavior. Authorities should provide various supports to protect healthcare professionals before, during, and after the epidemic for the success of the COVID-19 outbreak struggle

Incineration and environmental justice : the case of communities around Connecticut resource recovery facilities

The current depleting landfill capacity in Connecticut means that resource recovery facilities will be relied on heavily to meet the States\u27 waste disposal needs. This heavy reliance on these facilities will place greater burdens on the host communities of these waste facilities. Therefore it is important to examine the citing of these facilities to determine if these sitings unfairly targeted a particular segment of the population. To determine if siting has been unjust in Connecticut, this study uses a geographic information system (GIS) to analyze demographic data surrounding each facility in a comparison of demographic data from 1990 and 2000 was preformed to determine if sitings targeted minorities, low income communities, or predominantly rental communities. Results indicate that resource recovery facilities were located in predominantly rental communities. Rental communities were examined as a proxy for income level, due to the absence of census tract income data

A stitch in time saves lives. A community intervention in The Gambia

Malaria is a major cause of infant and child mortality in Africa. Bednets are currently the best means of protection, especially those treated with insecticide. However, untreated bednets offer no protection if they have five or more finger-sized holes, are not long enough to be tucked in under the mattress or are badly torn. Despite the long tradition of using bednets in The Gambia, around 42% of nets in rural Gambia are in poor condition or used incorrectly (Clarke et al, 2001). This six month study (July to December 2002) set out to examine whether villagers could be encouraged to change their behaviour and repair holes in and use their bednets correctly through an intervention developed through community participation. Through focus group discussions and interviews, culturally compelling interventions developed were health education songs composed and sung by the villagers with complementary posters displayed in the two study villages. The songs were recorded on cassette tapes and were sung at formal and informal village gatherings. The success of this intervention was quantified by bednet surveys, where the condition of 554 nets was recorded before and after the intervention. To measure the impact of people’s behaviour, mosquitoes were collected from under bednets, pre and post intervention, and general mosquito levels were monitored throughout the study using light traps. Data analysis showed a significant increase in the proportion of repairs post intervention compared to pre-intervention (paired T-Test, P=<;0.001). However, the overall number of holes remained the same due to constant wear and tear of the bednets and so there was not a significant reduction in exposure to mosquitoes. Nevertheless, these results show encouraging signs of enabling a behaviour change towards improving existing bednets using participatory methods

Ecosystem Service and Land-Use Changes in Asia

This book highlights the role of research in Ecosystem Services and Land Use Changes in Asia. The contributions include case studies that explore the impacts of direct and indirect drivers affecting provision of ecosystem services in Asian countries, including China, India, Mongolia, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam. Findings from these empirical studies contribute to developing sustainability in Asia at both local and regional scales

Zilker Park cultural landscape report

textZilker Park is a large municipal park in Austin, Texas, and while currently an active recreational zone for the city, the parkland is full of historic and natural resources with a period of significance dating back at least 9,000 years. The park is listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) under two nominations from 1985 and 1997. These nominations document much of the early history of the park, including archaeological sites, historic buildings, objects, and structures. While these reports provide a descriptive history of the parkland, a further study was conducted to understand the park through its cultural and natural systems. This study, known as a cultural landscape report (CLR), examined the park through a defined set of landscape characteristics such as: topography and hydrology, circulation, land use, vegetation, buildings and structures, viewsheds, habitat, archaeological sites, and small scale features. This data was organized to match and compliment the already existing research found within the NRHP nominations, including periods and areas of significance, integrity evaluations, and property types. The CLR was also based on new archival and field research and the report culminated in a set of guiding principles and methodologies for future park management. Thus, the Zilker Park CLR is a site specific planning guide, designed to function as both a descriptive and prescriptive tool for best practices for historic landscape management and stewardship.Architectur

Patient and family involvement in adult critical and intensive care settings : a scoping review

BACKGROUND: Despite international bodies calling for increased patient and family involvement, these concepts remain poorly defined within literature on critical and intensive care settings. OBJECTIVE: This scoping review investigates the extent and range of literature on patient and family involvement in critical and intensive care settings. Methodological and empirical gaps are identified, and a future agenda for research into optimizing patient and family involvement is outlined. METHODS: Searches of MEDLINE, CINAHL, Social Work Abstracts and PsycINFO were conducted. English‐language articles published between 2003 and 2014 were retrieved. Articles were included if the studies were undertaken in an intensive care or critical care setting, addressed the topic of patient and family involvement, included a sample of adult critical care patients, their families and/or critical care providers. Two reviewers extracted and charted data and analysed findings using qualitative content analysis. FINDINGS: A total of 892 articles were screened, 124 were eligible for analysis, including 61 quantitative, 61 qualitative and 2 mixed‐methods studies. There was a significant gap in research on patient involvement in the intensive care unit. The analysis identified five different components of family and patient involvement: (i) presence, (ii) having needs met/being supported, (iii) communication, (iv) decision making and (v) contributing to care. CONCLUSION: Three research gaps were identified that require addressing: (i) the scope, extent and nature of patient involvement in intensive care settings; (ii) the broader socio‐cultural processes that shape patient and family involvement; and (iii) the bidirectional implications between patient/family involvement and interprofessional teamwork

Factors influencing Safety on Construction Projects (fSCPs): types and categories

Due to the fact of activity, environment and work dynamics, the construction industry is characterised by high accident rates. Different initiatives have emerged to reduce these figures, which focus on using new methodologies and technologies for safety management. Therefore, it is essential to know the key factors and their influence on safety in construction projects (fSCPs) to focus efforts on these elements. Through a systematic literature review, based on PRISMA methodology, this article identifies, describes and categorises 100 factors that affect construction safety. It thus contributes by providing a comprehensive general framework, unifying previous studies focused on specific geographic areas or case studies with factors not considered or insufficiently disaggregated, along with an absence of classifications focused on understanding where and how factors affect the different dimensions of construction projects. The 100 factors identified are described and categorised according to the dimensions and aspects of the project in which these have an impact, along with identifying whether they are shaping or immediate factors or originating influences for the generation of accidents. These factors, their description and classification are a key contribution to improving the systematic creation of safety and generating training and awareness materials to fully develop a safety culture in organisations.This research was funded by Proyecto VRIEA-PUCV (grant number 039.429/2021). This work was supported by the CONICYT to F.M., who was the beneficiary of a pre-doctoral grant (CONICYT—PCHA/International Doctorate/2019-72200306) and by the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities of Spain (MICIU) through the BIMIoTICa project (RTC-2017-6454-7). The authors also acknowledge the financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, through the “Severo Ochoa Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D (CEX2018-000797-S)”. Institution: Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Estudios avanzados - Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso (VRIEA-PUCV) Code Project: 039.429/2021.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Deriving a preference-based utility measure for cancer patients from the European Organisation for the Research and Treatment of Cancer's Quality of Life Questionnaire C30: a confirmatory versus exploratory approach

Background: Multi attribute utility instruments (MAUIs) are preference-based measures that comprise a health state classification system (HSCS) and a scoring algorithm that assigns a utility value to each health state in the HSCS. When developing a MAUI from a health-related quality of life (HRQOL) questionnaire, first a HSCS must be derived. This typically involves selecting a subset of domains and items because HRQOL questionnaires typically have too many items to be amendable to the valuation task required to develop the scoring algorithm for a MAUI. Currently, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) followed by Rasch analysis is recommended for deriving a MAUI from a HRQOL measure. Aim: To determine whether confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is more appropriate and efficient than EFA to derive a HSCS from the European Organisation for the Research and Treatment of Cancer’s core HRQOL questionnaire, Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ-C30), given its well-established domain structure. Methods: QLQ-C30 (Version 3) data were collected from 356 patients receiving palliative radiotherapy for recurrent/metastatic cancer (various primary sites). The dimensional structure of the QLQ-C30 was tested with EFA and CFA, the latter informed by the established QLQC30 structure and views of both patients and clinicians on which are the most relevant items. Dimensions determined by EFA or CFA were then subjected to Rasch analysis. Results: CFA results generally supported the proposed QLQ-C30 structure (comparative fit index =0.99, Tucker–Lewis index =0.99, root mean square error of approximation =0.04). EFA revealed fewer factors and some items cross-loaded on multiple factors. Further assessment of dimensionality with Rasch analysis allowed better alignment of the EFA dimensions with those detected by CFA. Conclusion: CFA was more appropriate and efficient than EFA in producing clinically interpretable results for the HSCS for a proposed new cancer-specific MAUI. Our findings suggest that CFA should be recommended generally when deriving a preference-based measure from a HRQOL measure that has an established domain structure

Amjambo Africa! (February 2022)

In this Issue Afghan Resettlement ............2/3 Lunar New Year ........................4 Maine Youth Network .............5 Afrofuturism with MHC......... 7 Editorial .....................................8 Translations French .........................9/13 Swahili .......................10/13 Somali .......................11/13 Kinyarwanda ............12/13 Portuguese ................28/30 Spanish ......................29/30 MCF grant opportunities ......14 Legislative update ...................15 Tips & Info ........................16/31 New Roots Farm .....................17 The Samosa Story .............18/19 Health&Wellness... ............20-27 Cardiac Health In English & translations Columns ..................................32 Maine Equal Justice South Portland Sustainability MIRC Tax Season...33 In English & translations New Voices columns ..............34 Rupal Ramesh Shah Roseline Souebele Hope in Augusta .................... 37https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/samgen_amjambo/1045/thumbnail.jp

Amjambo Africa! (November 2022)

In this Issue Nigerian Community .............. 2 Amjambo Arts.......................... 3 Moonglade .............................4-5 Education ..................................6 Publisher’s editorial ..................7 Financial literacy ..........8-13, 19 In 7 languages World Market Basket ......14-15 Election special .................16-17 All about the Workforce ........18 Community Happenings ...... 20 News from Africa. .............22-23 Health&Wellness. ..............24-31 Topic: Loneliness In 7 languages Community columns .......32-33 New Voices ........................34-35 Tips & Info ........................36-37 Afghan Adjustment Act ........ 38https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/samgen_amjambo/1054/thumbnail.jp