What would you do? Acting by learning to predict

We propose to learn tasks directly from visual demonstrations by learning to predict the outcome of human and robot actions on an environment. We enable a robot to physically perform a human demonstrated task without knowledge of the thought processes or actions of the human, only their visually observable state transitions. We evaluate our approach on two table-top, object manipulation tasks and demonstrate generalisation to previously unseen states. Our approach reduces the priors required to implement a robot task learning system compared with the existing approaches of Learning from Demonstration, Reinforcement Learning and Inverse Reinforcement Learning

The Reasonable Robot Standard: How the Federal Government Needs to Regulate Ethical Decision Programming in Highly Autonomous Vehicles

(Excerpt) A steam train is chugging along down a country track. You are a passenger, watching red and orange clustered hills pass by; fall is already here. You start to daydream about the last time you took this trip, how the summer had just begun and how quickly it went. Suddenly, reality hits. You awake from your daydream when you glance up and see five people strapped to the train tracks ahead of you. You know there is not enough time for the train to brake. Luckily, you happen to be sitting right next to the emergency switch, which would divert the train to another path at the fork just before the train reached the five captives. They would be saved. Just as you grasp the switch with both hands, ready to pull as hard as you can, the train approaches the fork revealing another unfortunate person, strapped to the alternate tracks. What should you do? If you pull the switch, your action will result in the death of one person. Five people will be saved, but you will have made the choice to alter the train’s path when you knew it would kill one person. The eager answer might be to save as many lives as possible and allow harm to come to as few lives as possible. But does your action of pulling the switch knowing someone will die count as killing someone? If you do not pull the switch, a chain of causation that has already been set in motion will result in the deaths of five people. You will not have acted, so you would not be responsible for their deaths. Or would you be? Does the fact that you could have acted to save their lives make you more responsible? Is inaction less culpable than action, in this case

Humane Education Programs for Youth (Panel Discussion)

Part I - Dr. Virgil S. Hollis Developing the number of school administrators who are increasingly becoming interested in humaneness and the humane society members who are interested in education, I think, means that all of us must keep close touch with each other although we know very little of each other\u27s field. This exposure to you and your programs in meetings such as this will surely result in a united attack on a mutual problem We need your help. And you need our help. You need help from the group that I represent in education because the many programs that are part of your cause for which you struggle will only be realized when you find a way for them to become a part of the educational program in the schools. There is a need for your programs in our curriculums. But just how do we get them there? This is our big question. I do hope that at the conclusion of this session we will arrive at some idea of what we might be able to do. Part II - Sherwood Norman I would like to treat my role in this discussion of humane education from the point of view of preventing delinquency. The prevention of delinquency and youth crime begins with the kind of environment we provide for our children - in homes, school, community, nation and world. It continues with the services available to parents and children on the verge of trouble and in heed of help, and it concludes with the effectiveness of correctional services after court processing. I hope, when you go back to your communities, you will cease to think about the correction of crime as a police problem (once you get them apprehended, put them away and forget about them). This is the general attitude of people who want more and more and more police protection, which is needed, without giving consideration to what happens afterward. Part III - Dr. Jean McClure Kelty I would contend that the basic philosophy of the western world is antithetical to our convictions about animals. We of the humane movement have produced no philosophy to counter it. Therefore, the young people we influence by programs like The Kindness Club must either reject what we have taught them and ultimately be absorbed into the system or they must remain outside the system for life, misfits, and therefore impotent

Artificial Intelligence: Are You Sure? Beware of What You Wish!

Looming in the purview of gaming leisure industry is the utmost importance of artificial intelligence (AI). Its burgeoning preponderance can be straightforwardly depicted by the following conundrum: imagine you walk through into a dazzling casino in Macau aiming to play “Baccarat.” As soon as you sit down in order to initiate your gambling journey, you actually realize that the casino table dealer has been replaced by a cutting-edge robot fully equipped to enhance even further casino’s house advantage (that in the realm of “Baccarat” is very narrow). What would be your immediate thought? Should you proceed with your gambling endeavors? Should you refrain yourself from initiating your gambling endeavors? Or has your self-confidence just been boosted by this unexpected challenge? Nonetheless, if you scratch deep enough, underpinning these nonrhetorical questions is a rather twisted question: what if the casino patron or high roller (player) decides himself to foster his gambling skills through AI aiming to curb or even override casino’s “house advantage?” In any event, should not we take AI on the scope of gaming leisure industry very seriously in order to avoid disrepute or moral hazard of casino gaming leisure industry as a whole in light of its corporate social responsibility? This chapter will provide an overview about the current prominence of AI or simulation-based AI in gaming leisure industry, mainly for research purposes in the context of problem gambling and of forecasting online casino patron’s churn behavior. Finally, this chapter will carve out the foundations of candent challenges gaming leisure industry will face in the forthcoming future about the “moral hazard” deeply enshrined in the breadth of AI, especially if robots are due to replace humans as casino table dealers in the realm of table games

Evangelical Friend, April 1988 (Vol. 21, No. 8)

Evangelical Friends, Biblical Faith, and Public Life. By Ronald J. Sider, page 2 What does it really mean to have a consistent life ethic? The Message of Hope - Vital in Evangelism. By Paul Enyart, page 6 How is hope the center and backbone of Christianity? Is the Phone for You? By Randy Littlefield, page 8 If you knew you couldn\u27t fail, what would you do for Jesus? Feeling the Pain of Abortion. By Nellie Logan, page 12 Every abortion is a forced abortion to the baby. Lifeline - A Compassionate Alternative. By Ed Kidd, page 13 Putting feet to your convictions Regular FeaturesSpeaking the Truth, 4A Certain Shaft of Light, 11Out of the Silence, 15Friends Read, 16What About Our Friends? 19https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/nwym_evangelical_friend/1220/thumbnail.jp

Lectures In Elementary Fluid Dynamics: Physics, Mathematics and Applications

From Chapter 1: It takes little more than a brief look around for us to recognize that fluid dynamics is one of the most important of all areas of physics—life as we know it would not exist without fluids, and without the behavior that fluids exhibit. It is the goal of these lecture notes to help students in this process of gaining an understanding of, and an appreciation for, fluid motion—what can be done with it, what it might do to you, how to analyze and predict it.https://uknowledge.uky.edu/me_textbooks/1000/thumbnail.jp

Stock Marketing Prediction Using Narx Algorithm

Computational technologies have offered faster and efficient solutions to financial sector. In the financial market, the advancements in computational field have been achieved by the use of neural networks and machine learning that delivered a number of financial tools. Thus, in this thesis, we aim to predict the stock index marketing for the “Dow Jones” index by using deep learning algorithms. We propose a model based on an adaptive NARX neural network to predict the closing price of a moderately stable market. In our model, non-linear auto regressive exogenous input model inserts delays into the input as well as the output acting as memory slots thereby raising the accuracy of the prediction. Moreover, Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm has been used for training the network. The accuracy of the model is determined by the mean squared error. We also used LR model, with the same parameters as NARX, to improve the overall accuracy

Socioeconomic disadvantage and children’s emotional and behavioural problems: the role of early aspirations

Using data from the UK’s Millennium Cohort Study, we investigated the association of early family socioeconomic disadvantage (measured when cohort children were age three) with children’s aspirations and emotional and behavioural problems at age seven (N = 11,656). Aspirations were gauged by children’s written responses to the question ‘when you grow up, what would you like to be’. Responses were classified to reflect the prestige of the aspired occupation and its sex composition, and the degree of intrinsic/extrinsic motivation inferred from the aspiration. Disadvantage predicted problems both directly and via its association with low prestige and intrinsic aspirations. Children aspiring to more prestigious occupations had fewer emotional and hyperactivity problems, and those with more extrinsic aspirations had fewer emotional symptoms. Both girls and particularly boys with apparently more intrinsic aspirations had more peer problems. The association between hyperactivity and disadvantage was attenuated among children aspiring to more feminised jobs

Otter Realm, March 2, 2006

Last three standing: Who will fill CSUMB\u27s Presidential Chair? -- The Presidential Candidates -- East Campus policy changes, seniors allowed -- Marina high under construction -- ESSP gains Master\u27s program -- Town Hall meeting looks to a clean future -- I told you, I\u27d be back: Governor Schwarzenegger returns to the Peninsula -- UPD catches persistent copper thief in action -- AS spends entire budget, events decrease -- Health Center caters to student needs -- Davis: Leader by desire -- Women\u27s Basketball team gets first CCAA win -- Kiel\u27s Kitchen -- Otter Softball homeless in its inaugural season -- A Farewell to Arms -- Have the Olympics lost television appeal? -- Bailey launches record label through Capstone -- Acclaimed Indian dance ensemble visits World Theater -- Para La Gente wants change through music -- Death Wish: Mr. .32-caliber -- Resident Tourist bikes the bay -- 78th Annual Academy Awards Predictions -- Spring Break \u2706 -- Town sound: Real Life Revisited -- Person on campus: What would you do if you had two hours alone with Arnold Schwarzenegger?https://digitalcommons.csumb.edu/otterrealm/1139/thumbnail.jp