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Reactivity to sustainability metrics: A configurational study of motivation and capacity
Previous research on reactivity ā defined as changing organisational behaviour to better conform to the criteria of measurement in response to being measured ā has found significant variation in company responses towards sustainability metrics. We propose that reactivity is driven by dialogue, motivation and capacity in a configurational way. Empirically, we use fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) to analyse company responses to the sustainability index FTSE4Good. We find evidence of complimentary and substitute effects between motivation and capacity. Based on these effects we develop a typology of reactivity to sustainability metrics, which also theorises the use of metrics as tools for performance feedback and the building of calculative capacity. We show that when reactivity is studied configurationally, we can identify previously underacknowledged types of responses. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications for studying and using sustainability metrics as governance tools for responsible behaviour
The Simplest Evaluation Measures for XML Information Retrieval that Could Possibly Work
This paper reviews several evaluation measures developed for evaluating XML information retrieval (IR) systems. We argue that these measures, some of which are currently in use by the INitiative for the Evaluation of XML Retrieval (INEX), are complicated, hard to understand, and hard to explain to users of XML IR systems. To show the value of keeping things simple, we report alternative evaluation results of official evaluation runs submitted to INEX 2004 using simple metrics, and show its value for INEX
A Nine Month Report on Progress Towards a Framework for Evaluating Advanced Search Interfaces considering Information Retrieval and Human Computer Interaction
This is a nine month progress report detailing my research into supporting users in their search for information, where the questions, results or even thei
FRW cosmologies and hyperscaling-violating geometries: higher curvature corrections, ultrametricity, Q-space/QFT duality, and a little string theory
We analyze flat FRW cosmologies and hyperscaling-violating geometries by
emphasizing the analytic continuation between them and their scale covariance.
We exhibit two main calculations where this point of view is useful. First,
based on the scale covariance, we show that the structure of higher curvature
corrections to Einstein's equation is very simple. Second, in the context of
accelerated FRW cosmologies, also known as Q-space, we begin by calculating the
Bunch-Davies wavefunctional for a massless scalar field and considering its
interpretation as a generating functional of correlation functions of a
holographic dual. We use this to conjecture a Q-space/QFT duality, a natural
extension of dS/CFT, and argue that the Euclidean dual theory violates
hyperscaling. This proposal, when extended to epochs in our own cosmological
history like matter or radiation domination, suggests a holographically dual
description via RG phases which violate hyperscaling. We further use the
wavefunctional to compute Anninos-Denef overlaps and show that the ultrametric
structure discovered for de Sitter becomes sharper in accelerated FRW
cosmologies as the acceleration slows. The substitution permeates and illuminates the discussion of wavefunctionals
and overlaps in FRW cosmologies, allowing one to predict the sharpened
structure. We try to find an alternate manifestation of this ultrametric
structure by studying the connection of the background to
little string theory.Comment: 31 pages plus an appendix; v2 references added; v3 discussion of
generalized extreme value distributions added and typos correcte
Topological M-theory as Unification of Form Theories of Gravity
We introduce a notion of topological M-theory and argue that it provides a
unification of form theories of gravity in various dimensions. Its classical
solutions involve G_2 holonomy metrics on 7-manifolds, obtained from a
topological action for a 3-form gauge field introduced by Hitchin. We show that
by reductions of this 7-dimensional theory one can classically obtain
6-dimensional topological A and B models, the self-dual sector of loop quantum
gravity in 4 dimensions, and Chern-Simons gravity in 3 dimensions. We also find
that the 7-dimensional M-theory perspective sheds some light on the fact that
the topological string partition function is a wavefunction, as well as on
S-duality between the A and B models. The degrees of freedom of the A and B
models appear as conjugate variables in the 7-dimensional theory. Finally, from
the topological M-theory perspective we find hints of an intriguing holographic
link between non-supersymmetric Yang-Mills in 4 dimensions and A model
topological strings on twistor space.Comment: 65 pages, 2 figures, harvmac; v2: references added, small
corrections/clarification
Entropy-Area Relations in Field Theory
We consider the contribution to the entropy from fields in the background of
a curved time-independent metric. To account for the curvature of space, we
postulate a position-dependent UV cutoff. We argue that a UV cutoff on energy
naturally implies an IR cutoff on distance. With this procedure, we calculate
the scalar contribution in a background anti-de Sitter space, the exterior of a
black hole, and de Sitter space. In all cases, we find results that can be
simply interpreted in terms of local energy and proper volume, yielding insight
into the apparent reduced dimensionality of systems with gravity.Comment: 20 pages, 1 figur
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