Land-Use Transport Interaction: State of the Art

This paper investigates innovative approaches to the integration of land-use and transport planning in urban regions. Engineering, economic and social-science based theories and empirical studies are analyzed regarding their ability to explain the interaction between land use and transport - that land use determines traffic flows and that transport infrastructure changes land-use patterns. In addition, this paper provides an overview of the state of the art of computer models for the simulation of land use and transport. Based on these theories and models the effectiveness of policies to influence land use and transport in urban regions is assessed.Urban location theory, transportation research, land use- transport interaction, urban simulation modeling, location choice

Median problems in networks

The P-median problem is a classical location model “par excellence”. In this paper we, first examine the early origins of the problem, formulated independently by Louis Hakimi and Charles ReVelle, two of the fathers of the burgeoning multidisciplinary field of research known today as Facility Location Theory and Modelling. We then examine some of the traditional heuristic and exact methods developed to solve the problem. In the third section we analyze the impact of the model in the field. We end the paper by proposing new lines of research related to such a classical problem.P-median, location modelling

Spatial Patterns of Crime in Israel: Investigating the Effects of Inter-urban Inequality and Proximity

Many crimes in Israel, specifically property-related, are perpetrated by those who live outside localities where the crime is committed. As a result, crime rates are strongly affected by settlement patterns: Affluent localities surrounded by poor towns tend to exhibit relatively high crime rates. In order to measure the effect of urban inequality and proximity on crime rates, the Index of Relative Income (IRI) is proposed. This index is estimated as the ratio between the average income in a town and that in its neighbouring localities. As multivariate analysis indicates, the proposed index helps to explain the variation of property crime rates across urban localities, implying that the spatial unevenness of urban development (i.e. aerial proximity of affluent and poor towns) may spur property crimes. The findings of the present study lend support to regional development programs, aimed at minimizing spatial disparities in regional and urban development.