Digitale Vernetzung der Facharbeit: gewerblich-technische Berufsbildung in einer Arbeitswelt des Internets der Dinge

Der Sammelband umfasst Beiträge zur Digitalisierung der Arbeitswelt in Industrie und Handwerk. Die Autorinnen und Autoren diskutieren sowohl die gesellschaftspolitischen Herausforderungen als auch die Einflüsse digitaler Technologien auf Facharbeit und Berufsausbildung. Zentrale Themen sind die Planung und Anpassung beruflicher Kompetenzen, in denen auch die Mediennutzung eine immer größere Rolle spielt. Da Berufsausbildung in der Arbeitswelt 4.0 mehr Medienkompetenz verlangt, müssen Qualifikationsprofile angepasst werden. Entsprechend brauchen die Lehrenden in Schule und Betrieb mediale Querschnittskompetenzen und neue fachdidaktische Zugänge.The anthology comprises articles on the digitalisation of workplaces in industry and trade. The authors discuss both the sociopolitical challenges as well as the impacts of digital technologies on specialist work and vocational training. The key topics addressed in this paper are the coordination and adaptation of professional competencies such as media usage, which continues to rise in significance. In the age of industry 4.0, vocational training programmes demand higher levels of media literacy. For this reason, qualification profiles must be adapted. As a consequence, schools and companies are in need of lecturers with profound media expertise and subject-didactic approaches

Multiagentensysteme für die kooperative Transportdisposition: das soziotechnische Rationalisierungspotential der Verteilten Künstlichen Intelligenz (VKI)

In der vorliegenden Studie geht es darum, das soziotechnische Rationsalisierungspotential der Multiagenten-Technologie - einem Forschungsgebiet der Verteilten Künstlichen Intelligenz (VKI) - für die kooperative Disposition von Transportabläufen einzuschätzen. Im Vergleich zu konventionellen Softwareprogrammen, die mit mathematischen Optimierungsprogrammen des Operations Research arbeiten, sind Multiagentensysteme stärker an den praktischen Anforderungen der Transportdisposition ausgerichtet und bieten dabei ein soziotechnisch angemesseneres Modell der Transportdomäne. Aus soziologischer Sicht sollen dennoch einige Defizite der Modellierung und Simulation der sozialen Praxis in Transportunternehmen benannt und die soziotechnischen Entwicklungsperspektiven der Multiagenten-Technologie in der Transportdisposition aufgezeigt werden.This paper deals with the socio-technical potential of multi-agent systems to rationalize procedures of cooperative transportation planning and dispatching. Compared to conventional software systems operating with optimization procedures (e.g. operations research) multi-agent technology - as part of the research on Distributed Artificial Intelligence (DAI) - is better suited to meet real-world requirements of planning and dispatching processes in the transportation and logistic domain. From a sociological perspective, some weaknesses of simulation and social modelling approaches will be analysed and – against the background of these problems - the opportunities for multi-agent technology in the transportation domain will be discussed in this paper

Brauchen wir eine "neue Soziale Marktwirtschaft"?

The "German economic miracle” after the second world war is connected with the design of an economic policy labeled "Social Market Economy" which forms a third path between capitalism (pure or free market economy) and socialism (centrally planned economy). This notion is relevant for New Labor in Britain as well as for the Social Democrats in Germany. Social Market Economy is usually perceived as an idea aimed at reaching social justice and national peace and thus avoiding the traditional class struggle between capital and labor. However, this idea also requires a change in the paradigm of economic thinking from traditional self-organization by markets to a mixture of social control of both government and markets. Until now, however, economic theory has refused to follow this new paradigm, thus resulting in a deficiency of theory in the field of Social Market Economy. Microeconomic theory is dominating the current economic thinking. The realization of a "socially responsible market economy” should be done pragmatically by political recognition of changing challenges and situations, thus establishing the welfare state in democratic decisions. History has shown that governments have often alternated between the right wing and the left wing. During the sixties, the Social Democrats retained the well established concepts of a Social Market Economy, but attempted to design a "left wing” version thereof, aimed at more political control. In Germany, suffering from the first great crisis in the Federal Republic, this was done in order to reach a higher degree of economic stability. The ensuing governments, led by the Christian Democrats in Germany, attempted to reduce the welfare state using the slogan "more market, less state”. Not even the great challenge of transforming the former socialist parts of Germany into a market economy gave rise to the idea of a "new Social Market Economy”. Similarly, it is argued in this paper that there is no need for a "new Social Market Economy”: The old one is open for reforms from the left as well as from the right wing as experience over more than 50 years has demonstrated. The original Social Market Economy is worth being defended even in view of globalization and is recommended for many economies all over the world in order to avoid globalization of the traditional "class struggle” between capital and labor. A necessary condition for any "socially controlled market economy” are properly working political institutions and governments. Therefore, in order to ensure the necessary public interventions, national states must not vanish, as prophets of globalization often maintain. On the contrary, a political countervailing power is necessary to discipline the "global economic players” as well as to avoid political hegemony of one or more national states. In a global world, only the national states can guarantee decisions along the so called "subsidiary principle” of Social Market Economy.reine Marktwirtschaft , Soziale Marktwirtschaft, Paradigmenwechsel, dritter Weg, dialektischer Prozess, Wohlfahrtsstaat, Subsidiaritaetsprinzip