15 research outputs found

    Uma proposta de sistema de software para auxílio na geraçao de tranformaçoes de formalismo BAV para integraçao de bancos de dados

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    Orientador: André Luiz Pires GuedesDissertaçao (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciencias Exatas, Programa de Pós-Graduaçao em Informática. Defesa: Curitiba, 2004Inclui bibliografia e anexosRESUMO O objetivo da integra¸c˜ao de bancos de dados 'e fornecer uma interface integrada e uniforme para consultas em diversos bancos de dados que descrevam os mesmos objetos do mundo real. O formalismo "both as view"(BAV) foi desenvolvido de modo a ser aplicado em esquemas de bancos de dados para realizar a sua integraçao. Seu funcionamento se caracteriza por ver o processo de integra¸c˜ao como uma sequência de transforma¸c˜oes revers'?veis que modificam tanto o esquema como as instˆancia do banco de dados. Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta de sistema de software que automatiza parcialmente o processo de integra¸c˜ao, auxiliando o administrador de banco de dados na tarefa de integra¸c˜ao, guiando-o pelo processo de gerar transforma¸c˜oes e consultando-o em momentos em que seja imposs'?vel para o sistema tomar uma decis˜ao. Al'em disso s˜ao apresentados estudos realizados sobre o formalismo BAV e sua aplica¸c˜ao nos casos de conflito entre esquemas de bancos de dados.ABSTRACT The objective of the database integration is to supply an integrated uniform interface to consultations in diverse databases that describe same objects of the real world. The formalism "both view"(BAV) was developed in order to be applied in schemas during the process of databases integration. Its functionality characterizes for seeing the integration process as a sequence of reversible transformations that modify the schema and the instances of the data base. This work presents a proposal of system software that automatizes the integration process partially, assisting the user in the integration process, guiding him to generate transformations and consulting it at moments where the system can not take a decision. Moreover are presented studies about the BAV formalism and its applications in the cases of conflict between database schemas

    J-schemas integrator : uma ferramenta para integraçao de esquemas de bancos de dados heterogeneos

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    Orientador : Marcos Sfair SunyeDissertaçao (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciencias ExatasResumo: Atualmente, várias organizações e companhias utilizam diversos sistemas de bancos de dados para gerenciar grande quantidade de seus dados. Entretanto, esses numerosos sistemas de banco de dados heterogêneos foram projetados para rodarem isoladamente e para não cooperarem entre si. Prover interoperabilidade entre esses bancos de dados é importante para o sucesso das organizações, nas quais ganhos de produtividade serão obtidos se esses sistemas puderem ser integrados e permitirem uma visão unificada dos dados. A integração de esquemas de bancos de dados heterogêneos pode ser definida como um processo que, através de uma entrada de um conjunto de esquemas de banco de dados, produz como saída, uma descrição unificada dos esquemas iniciais, chamado esquema integrado e a descrição da informação de mapeamento entre o esquema integrado e os esquemas iniciais. Essa dissertação de mestrado consiste na implementação de uma ferramenta cujo objetivo seja auxiliar e facilitar o processo de integração de esquemas de banco de dados. A ferramenta visual é responsável por importar esquemas de banco de dados, facilitar a identificação dos objetos conflitantes entre esquemas e pelo processo de integração e geração do esquema integrado e da informação de mapeamento entre o esquema integrado e os esquemas iniciais.Abstract: In today's modern organizations is common to find several different databases being used to accomplish their operational data management functions. These numerous heterogeneous databases systems were designed to run in isolation and they do not cooperate with each other. Providing interoperability among these databases is important to the successful operation of the organization. Improvements in productivity will be gained if the systems can be integrated - that is, made to cooperate with each other - to support global applications accessing multiple databases. This work is dedicated to the implementation of a tool to help developers in the task of integration of heterogeneous database schémas. The database schema integration can be defined as the process that, through an input of a set of databases schémas, produces, as the output, an unified description of the initials schémas, called integrated schema and the information mapping that supports the access to the data stored in the initial databases schémas from the integrated schema. The tool is responsible for importing/exporting schémas from/to database, facilitate the identification of conflicting objects between schémas and for the process of integration and generation of the integrated schema and the mapping information between the integrated schema and the initial schémas

    A framework for integrating and transforming between ontologies and relational databases

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    Bridging the gap between ontologies, expressed in the Web Ontology Language (OWL), and relational databases is a necessity for realising the Semantic Web vision. Relational databases are considered a good solution for storing and processing ontologies with a large amount of data. Moreover, the vast majority of current websites store data in relational databases, and therefore being able to generate ontologies from such databases is important to support the development of the Semantic Web. Most of the work concerning this topic has either (1) extracted an OWL ontology from an existing relational database that represents as exactly as possible the relational schema, using a limited range of OWL modelling constructs, or (2) extracted a relational database from an existing OWL ontology, that represents as much as possible the OWL ontology. By way of contrast, this thesis proposes a general framework for transforming and mapping between ontologies and databases, via an intermediate low-level Hyper-graph Data Model. The transformation between relational and OWL schemas is expressed using directional Both-As-View mappings, allowing a precise definition of the equivalence between the two schemas, hence data can be mapped back and forth between them. In particular, for a given OWL ontology, we interpret the expressive axioms either as triggers, conforming to the Open-World Assumption, that performs a forward-chaining materialisation of inferred data, or as constraints, conforming to the Closed-World Assumption, that performs a consistency checking. With regards to extracting ontologies from relational databases, we transform a relational database into an exact OWL ontology, then enhance it with rich OWL 2 axioms, using a combination of schema and data analysis. We then apply machine learning algorithms to rank the suggested axioms based on past users’ relevance. A proof-of-concept tool, OWLRel, has been implemented, and a number of well-known ontologies and databases have been used to evaluate the approach and the OWLRel tool.Open Acces

    A semantic and agent-based approach to support information retrieval, interoperability and multi-lateral viewpoints for heterogeneous environmental databases

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    PhDData stored in individual autonomous databases often needs to be combined and interrelated. For example, in the Inland Water (IW) environment monitoring domain, the spatial and temporal variation of measurements of different water quality indicators stored in different databases are of interest. Data from multiple data sources is more complex to combine when there is a lack of metadata in a computation forin and when the syntax and semantics of the stored data models are heterogeneous. The main types of information retrieval (IR) requirements are query transparency and data harmonisation for data interoperability and support for multiple user views. A combined Semantic Web based and Agent based distributed system framework has been developed to support the above IR requirements. It has been implemented using the Jena ontology and JADE agent toolkits. The semantic part supports the interoperability of autonomous data sources by merging their intensional data, using a Global-As-View or GAV approach, into a global semantic model, represented in DAML+OIL and in OWL. This is used to mediate between different local database views. The agent part provides the semantic services to import, align and parse semantic metadata instances, to support data mediation and to reason about data mappings during alignment. The framework has applied to support information retrieval, interoperability and multi-lateral viewpoints for four European environmental agency databases. An extended GAV approach has been developed and applied to handle queries that can be reformulated over multiple user views of the stored data. This allows users to retrieve data in a conceptualisation that is better suited to them rather than to have to understand the entire detailed global view conceptualisation. User viewpoints are derived from the global ontology or existing viewpoints of it. This has the advantage that it reduces the number of potential conceptualisations and their associated mappings to be more computationally manageable. Whereas an ad hoc framework based upon conventional distributed programming language and a rule framework could be used to support user views and adaptation to user views, a more formal framework has the benefit in that it can support reasoning about the consistency, equivalence, containment and conflict resolution when traversing data models. A preliminary formulation of the formal model has been undertaken and is based upon extending a Datalog type algebra with hierarchical, attribute and instance value operators. These operators can be applied to support compositional mapping and consistency checking of data views. The multiple viewpoint system was implemented as a Java-based application consisting of two sub-systems, one for viewpoint adaptation and management, the other for query processing and query result adjustment

    Bioinformatics protocols for analysis of functional genomics data applied to neuropathy microarray datasets

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    Microarray technology allows the simultaneous measurement of the abundance of thousands of transcripts in living cells. The high-throughput nature of microarray technology means that automatic analytical procedures are required to handle the sheer amount of data, typically generated in a single microarray experiment. Along these lines, this work presents a contribution to the automatic analysis of microarray data by attempting to construct protocols for the validation of publicly available methods for microarray. At the experimental level, an evaluation of amplification of RNA targets prior to hybridisation with the physical array was undertaken. This had the important consequence of revealing the extent to which the significance of intensity ratios between varying biological conditions may be compromised following amplification as well as identifying the underlying cause of this effect. On the basis of these findings, recommendations regarding the usability of RNA amplification protocols with microarray screening were drawn in the context of varying microarray experimental conditions. On the data analysis side, this work has had the important outcome of developing an automatic framework for the validation of functional analysis methods for microarray. This is based on using a GO semantic similarity scoring metric to assess the similarity between functional terms found enriched by functional analysis of a model dataset and those anticipated from prior knowledge of the biological phenomenon under study. Using such validation system, this work has shown, for the first time, that ‘Catmap’, an early functional analysis method performs better than the more recent and most popular methods of its kind. Crucially, the effectiveness of this validation system implies that such system may be reliably adopted for validation of newly developed functional analysis methods for microarray

    Combining SOA and BPM Technologies for Cross-System Process Automation

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    This paper summarizes the results of an industry case study that introduced a cross-system business process automation solution based on a combination of SOA and BPM standard technologies (i.e., BPMN, BPEL, WSDL). Besides discussing major weaknesses of the existing, custom-built, solution and comparing them against experiences with the developed prototype, the paper presents a course of action for transforming the current solution into the proposed solution. This includes a general approach, consisting of four distinct steps, as well as specific action items that are to be performed for every step. The discussion also covers language and tool support and challenges arising from the transformation

    Automated Deduction – CADE 28

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    This open access book constitutes the proceeding of the 28th International Conference on Automated Deduction, CADE 28, held virtually in July 2021. The 29 full papers and 7 system descriptions presented together with 2 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 76 submissions. CADE is the major forum for the presentation of research in all aspects of automated deduction, including foundations, applications, implementations, and practical experience. The papers are organized in the following topics: Logical foundations; theory and principles; implementation and application; ATP and AI; and system descriptions

    Abdominal functional electrical stimulation to improve respiratory function in acute and sub-acute tetraplegia

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    An injury to the cervical region of the spinal cord can cause paralysis affecting all four limbs, termed tetraplegia. People with tetraplegia also have paralysis or impaired function of the major respiratory muscles, namely the diaphragm and intercostal and abdominal muscles. This often reduces respiratory function, with associated respiratory complications a leading cause of morbidity and mortality for this population. Abdominal Functional Electrical Stimulation (AFES), the application of electrical pulses to the abdominal muscles causing them to contract, has been shown to improve respiratory function in tetraplegia. Despite these positive results, further work is needed to establish AFES as a standard clinical treatment. The aim of this thesis is to support the clinical introduction of AFES. This was achieved by addressing two primary objectives. Firstly, the development of new technologies and protocols to optimise AFES for use in a clinical setting. Secondly, the clinical evaluation of these technologies and protocols with tetraplegic patients. For research purposes, AFES has typically been applied manually, requiring an operator to synchronise stimulation with respiratory activity. One important step necessary for the clinical introduction of AFES is the development of an automated AFES device that can apply stimulation in synchrony with the users respiratory activity, with different stimulation parameters applied for different breath types such as a quiet breath and a cough. In this thesis, the signal from a non-intrusive respiratory effort belt, worn around the chest, was used to develop a statistical classifcation algorithm capable of classifying respiratory activity in real-time, and applying AFES in synchrony with the user's respiratory activity. The effectiveness of AFES can also be enhanced by stimulating at the abdominal muscle motor points. In this thesis the positions of the abdominal motor points were located systematically for the frst time, in ten able bodied and five tetraplegic participants. To aid the clinical introduction of AFES it is necessary to establish the patient groups who would benefit most from this intervention, and to develop appropriate clinical protocols. This is addressed in two clinical studies, where the feasibility and effectiveness of AFES to improve the respiratory function of the acute ventilator dependant and sub-acute tetraplegic populations was demonstrated. In the first study, conducted with 10 acute ventilator dependant tetraplegics, AFES was applied on alternate weeks for a total duration of eight weeks. This resulted in acute improvements in breathing and led to a longitudinal increase in respiratory function over the study duration. It was found that participants weaned from mechanical ventilation on average 11 days faster than matched historic controls. Previous work, which investigated the effect of a three week AFES training programme on the respiratory function of people with sub-acute tetraplegia, suggested that an extended AFES training programme may be more effective. In the second clinical study in this thesis, a continuous eight week AFES training protocol (combined with a six week control period) was evaluated with three sub-acute tetraplegic participants. The application of AFES led to an acute increase in respiratory function, with a longitudinal improvement in respiratory function observed throughout the study. In a single participant case study, the feasibility of combining AFES with assisted coughing delivered by mechanical insufflation-exsufflation was demonstrated for the first time. This was shown to lead to an acute improvement in respiratory function at six of the eight assessment sessions, indicating that this technique could be used to aid secretion removal. This thesis highlights the feasibility and effectiveness of AFES to improve the respiratory function of the acute ventilator dependant and sub-acute tetraplegic populations. The clinical protocols that enable AFES to be used with these patient groups, and the technological developments detailed throughout this thesis, are an important step towards the introduction of AFES as a regular treatment modality
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