Final report on the evaluation of RRM/CRRM algorithms

Deliverable public del projecte EVERESTThis deliverable provides a definition and a complete evaluation of the RRM/CRRM algorithms selected in D11 and D15, and evolved and refined on an iterative process. The evaluation will be carried out by means of simulations using the simulators provided at D07, and D14.Preprin

A Study of Packet Scheduling Schemes for VoIP and Best Effort Traffic in LTE Networks

The Long Term Evolution (LTE) provides all services over Internet Protocol (IP) since it is an all IP network. To use available radio resources in an effective utilization, Packet Scheduling (PS) should be considered to enhance the Quality of Service (QoS) of Real Time (RT) and Non-Real Time (NRT) traffic. In this thesis, the PS of both RT and NRT traffic is studied in LTE networks. Apriority packet scheduling algorithm is proposed. The proposed algorithm has the ability to schedule the mixed traffic, RT and NRT, simultaneously. The objective of the algorithm is to maximize the Best Effort (BE) throughput while achieves the satisfaction QoS requirements of RT throughput. According to the obtained results of the thesis, the traffic should be differentiated and the services should be prioritized, when applying delay sensitive services. A system simulation is performed to support the study for mixed services approaches with Voice over IP (VoIP) and a second BE service such as File Transfer Protocol (FTP). The performance of the proposed algorithm and the impact of the different factors on the overall system performance have been tested. The work is done at Medium Access Control (MAC) layer and Physical Layer (PHY). Finally, a good results are achieved that guarantee a good end to end performance for both voice and data services

Proceedings of the Third International Mobile Satellite Conference (IMSC 1993)

Satellite-based mobile communications systems provide voice and data communications to users over a vast geographic area. The users may communicate via mobile or hand-held terminals, which may also provide access to terrestrial cellular communications services. While the first and second International Mobile Satellite Conferences (IMSC) mostly concentrated on technical advances, this Third IMSC also focuses on the increasing worldwide commercial activities in Mobile Satellite Services. Because of the large service areas provided by such systems, it is important to consider political and regulatory issues in addition to technical and user requirements issues. Topics covered include: the direct broadcast of audio programming from satellites; spacecraft technology; regulatory and policy considerations; advanced system concepts and analysis; propagation; and user requirements and applications

Proceedings of the Second International Mobile Satellite Conference (IMSC 1990)

Presented here are the proceedings of the Second International Mobile Satellite Conference (IMSC), held June 17-20, 1990 in Ottawa, Canada. Topics covered include future mobile satellite communications concepts, aeronautical applications, modulation and coding, propagation and experimental systems, mobile terminal equipment, network architecture and control, regulatory and policy considerations, vehicle antennas, and speech compression

Towards Massive Machine Type Communications in Ultra-Dense Cellular IoT Networks: Current Issues and Machine Learning-Assisted Solutions

The ever-increasing number of resource-constrained Machine-Type Communication (MTC) devices is leading to the critical challenge of fulfilling diverse communication requirements in dynamic and ultra-dense wireless environments. Among different application scenarios that the upcoming 5G and beyond cellular networks are expected to support, such as eMBB, mMTC and URLLC, mMTC brings the unique technical challenge of supporting a huge number of MTC devices, which is the main focus of this paper. The related challenges include QoS provisioning, handling highly dynamic and sporadic MTC traffic, huge signalling overhead and Radio Access Network (RAN) congestion. In this regard, this paper aims to identify and analyze the involved technical issues, to review recent advances, to highlight potential solutions and to propose new research directions. First, starting with an overview of mMTC features and QoS provisioning issues, we present the key enablers for mMTC in cellular networks. Along with the highlights on the inefficiency of the legacy Random Access (RA) procedure in the mMTC scenario, we then present the key features and channel access mechanisms in the emerging cellular IoT standards, namely, LTE-M and NB-IoT. Subsequently, we present a framework for the performance analysis of transmission scheduling with the QoS support along with the issues involved in short data packet transmission. Next, we provide a detailed overview of the existing and emerging solutions towards addressing RAN congestion problem, and then identify potential advantages, challenges and use cases for the applications of emerging Machine Learning (ML) techniques in ultra-dense cellular networks. Out of several ML techniques, we focus on the application of low-complexity Q-learning approach in the mMTC scenarios. Finally, we discuss some open research challenges and promising future research directions.Comment: 37 pages, 8 figures, 7 tables, submitted for a possible future publication in IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorial

Convergence of packet communications over the evolved mobile networks; signal processing and protocol performance

In this thesis, the convergence of packet communications over the evolved mobile networks is studied. The Long Term Evolution (LTE) process is dominating the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) in order to bring technologies to the markets in the spirit of continuous innovation. The global markets of mobile information services are growing towards the Mobile Information Society. The thesis begins with the principles and theories of the multiple-access transmission schemes, transmitter receiver techniques and signal processing algorithms. Next, packet communications and Internet protocols are referred from the IETF standards with the characteristics of mobile communications in the focus. The mobile network architecture and protocols bind together the evolved packet system of Internet communications to the radio access network technologies. Specifics of the traffic models are shortly visited for their statistical meaning in the radio performance analysis. Radio resource management algorithms and protocols, also procedures, are covered addressing their relevance for the system performance. Throughout these Chapters, the commonalities and differentiators of the WCDMA, WCDMA/HSPA and LTE are covered. The main outcome of the thesis is the performance analysis of the LTE technology beginning from the early discoveries to the analysis of various system features and finally converging to an extensive system analysis campaign. The system performance is analysed with the characteristics of voice over the Internet and best effort traffic of the Internet. These traffic classes represent the majority of the mobile traffic in the converged packet networks, and yet they are simple enough for a fair and generic analysis of technologies. The thesis consists of publications and inventions created by the author that proposed several improvements to the 3G technologies towards the LTE. In the system analysis, the LTE showed by the factor of at least 2.5 to 3 times higher system measures compared to the WCDMA/HSPA reference. The WCDMA/HSPA networks are currently available with over 400 million subscribers and showing increasing growth, in the meanwhile the first LTE roll-outs are scheduled to begin in 2010. Sophisticated 3G LTE mobile devices are expected to appear fluently for all consumer segments in the following years

Proceedings of the Fifth International Mobile Satellite Conference 1997

Satellite-based mobile communications systems provide voice and data communications to users over a vast geographic area. The users may communicate via mobile or hand-held terminals, which may also provide access to terrestrial communications services. While previous International Mobile Satellite Conferences have concentrated on technical advances and the increasing worldwide commercial activities, this conference focuses on the next generation of mobile satellite services. The approximately 80 papers included here cover sessions in the following areas: networking and protocols; code division multiple access technologies; demand, economics and technology issues; current and planned systems; propagation; terminal technology; modulation and coding advances; spacecraft technology; advanced systems; and applications and experiments

Radio Communications

In the last decades the restless evolution of information and communication technologies (ICT) brought to a deep transformation of our habits. The growth of the Internet and the advances in hardware and software implementations modified our way to communicate and to share information. In this book, an overview of the major issues faced today by researchers in the field of radio communications is given through 35 high quality chapters written by specialists working in universities and research centers all over the world. Various aspects will be deeply discussed: channel modeling, beamforming, multiple antennas, cooperative networks, opportunistic scheduling, advanced admission control, handover management, systems performance assessment, routing issues in mobility conditions, localization, web security. Advanced techniques for the radio resource management will be discussed both in single and multiple radio technologies; either in infrastructure, mesh or ad hoc networks

Gestão comum de recursos rádio em redes sem fios de próxima geração

Mestrado em Electrónica e TelecomunicaçõesA tecnologia de sinais de rádio frequência sobre fibra óptica involve o uso de links ópticos para transportar os sinais desde a unidade central de processamento até aos sites remotos (e vice-versa). A centralização do processamento dos sinais de rádio frequência permite a partilha de equipamentos, alocação dinâmica de recursos e uma manutenção mais simplificada do sistema. Embora o conceito de gestão comum dos recursos rádio tenha despertado grande interesse na comunidade científica em termos da melhor utilização desses recursos e de novos modelos de negócio, a verdade é que a sua implementação não tem sido fácil. A interligação entre diferentes componentes de rede, normalmente localizados em locais diferentes, introduz um grande atraso nas comunicações; por outro lado as implementações proprietárias e a escassez de informação global não satisfazem os requisitos de um ambiente extremamente dinâmico, como é o ambiente wireless. Uma topologia centralizada permite ultrapassar estas contrariedades, disponibilizando uma interligação eficiente entre as entidades locais e comuns de gestão de recursos rádio. Nesta dissertação é apresentada uma nova arquitectura de gestão comum de recursos rádio, baseada no conceito de interligação entre diferentes tecnologias de acesso. Esta arquitectura faz a gestão dos recursos rádio de forma centralizada, onde os sinais rádio chegam sem qualquer pré-processamento. Essa arquitectura é avaliada com a implementação de um algoritmo simples de balanceamento da carga que segue a politica de minimização da interferência e aumento da capacidade. As simulações com duas tecnologias de acesso, quando consideradas separas ou em agregado, mostraram um aumento do débito de pelo menos 51% para o mesmo valor de interferência enquanto que o erro de simbolo decresce pelo menos 20%.Radio over fibre technology involves the use of optical fibre links to distribute radio frequency signals from a central location to remote sites (and viceversa). The centralisation of radio frequency signals processing functions enables equipment sharing, dynamic allocation of resources, and simplified system operation and maintenance. Despite the unquestionable interest concept of common radio resource management from the point of view of resource usage and novel business models, its implementation has not been easy. The interworking between the different local radio resource management entities, usually located on different places will not satisfy the requirements of the wireless dynamic behaviour due to increase of delay in communication process, less information availability and proprietary implementations. A centralised topology can overcome the drawbacks of former wireless systems architecture interconnection by providing an efficient common radio communication flow with the local radio resource management entities. In this thesis a novel common radio resource management architecture is presented based on the concept of inter-working between different technologies. This is a centralised architecture where the radio frequency signals are delivered to the central location through the optical links. The new architecture is evaluated with a common policy that minimises interference while the overall system capacity is increased. The policy is implemented through the load balancing algorithm. The simulations of two radio access technologies when separately and jointly considered show that when the load balancing algorithm is applied the available throughput increases in at least 51% while the symbol error rate decreases at least 20%