39,549 research outputs found
Investigating the Security of EV Charging Mobile Applications As an Attack Surface
The adoption rate of EVs has witnessed a significant increase in recent years
driven by multiple factors, chief among which is the increased flexibility and
ease of access to charging infrastructure. To improve user experience, increase
system flexibility and commercialize the charging process, mobile applications
have been incorporated into the EV charging ecosystem. EV charging mobile
applications allow consumers to remotely trigger actions on charging stations
and use functionalities such as start/stop charging sessions, pay for usage,
and locate charging stations, to name a few. In this paper, we study the
security posture of the EV charging ecosystem against remote attacks, which
exploit the insecurity of the EV charging mobile applications as an attack
surface. We leverage a combination of static and dynamic analysis techniques to
analyze the security of widely used EV charging mobile applications. Our
analysis of 31 widely used mobile applications and their interactions with
various components such as the cloud management systems indicate the lack of
user/vehicle verification and improper authorization for critical functions,
which lead to remote (dis)charging session hijacking and Denial of Service
(DoS) attacks against the EV charging station. Indeed, we discuss specific
remote attack scenarios and their impact on the EV users. More importantly, our
analysis results demonstrate the feasibility of leveraging existing
vulnerabilities across various EV charging mobile applications to perform
wide-scale coordinated remote charging/discharging attacks against the
connected critical infrastructure (e.g., power grid), with significant
undesired economical and operational implications. Finally, we propose counter
measures to secure the infrastructure and impede adversaries from performing
reconnaissance and launching remote attacks using compromised accounts
Overcoming bottlenecks in digitalization for renewable energy and EV charging infrastructure
Economies all over the world are pushing to deploy greater renewable energy and electric vehicle charging infrastructure. This requires significant investment in the electrical grid infrastructure, which is expected to expand the market for grid digitalization. However, there are bottlenecks which stakeholders must remove before digitalization becomes widespread, including cyber security, workforce training, and costs. Currently, the digitalization of electricity is taking place largely at high voltages but is expected to be integrated at the medium voltage level in the future
Overcoming bottlenecks in digitalization for renewable energy and EV charging infrastructure
Economies all over the world are pushing to deploy greater renewable energy and electric vehicle charging infrastructure. This requires significant investment in the electrical grid infrastructure, which is expected to expand the market for grid digitalization. However, there are bottlenecks which stakeholders must remove before digitalization becomes widespread, including cyber security, workforce training, and costs. Currently, the digitalization of electricity is taking place largely at high voltages but is expected to be integrated at the medium voltage level in the future
Investing in America\u27s Surface Transportation Infrastructure: The Need for a Multi-Year Reauthorization Bill: Hearing Before the S. Comm. on Env\u27t & Pub. Works, 116th Cong., July 10, 2019
The Fourth National Climate Assessment, released in November 2018, described the serious impacts of climate change already being felt throughout the U.S., and made clear that the risks to communities all across the country are growing rapidly.
These findings, along with those in the 2018 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report should serve as an immediate call to action. Even if we manage to limit planetary warming to just 2 degrees Celsius, the world will still face increased chances of economic and social upheaval from more severe flooding, droughts, heatwaves, and other climate impacts as well as devastating environmental consequences, the IPCC report warns.
The consensus from leading scientific research academies within the United States and internationally is clear: multiple lines of evidence indicate, and have indicated for years, that our atmosphere is warming, sea levels are rising, the magnitude and frequency of certain extreme weather events is increasing, and that human activity is the primary driver of climate change. As described in the IPCC Special Report, the consensus is that countries around the world must rapidly decarbonize their economies, cutting greenhouse gas emissions in half by 2030 and to near zero by 2050. The U.S. Department of Defense, and leaders within the defense and national security communities, have also recognized climate change as a “national security issue” that requires adapting military operations and planning to ensure readiness.
Despite our understanding of the consequences we will face and the urgency to act, U.S. GHG emissions from fossil fuel combustion increased by 2.7 percent in 2018, according the Rhodium Group. Clearly more action is needed.
While we all recognize the importance of transportation in our daily lives and for our economy, it is also important to recognize that the transportation sector is the largest contributor of GHG emissions in the United States, and is already facing significant impacts from climate change.
There is an urgent need, therefore, to transition to a low-carbon and more resilient transportation system. Such a transition would not only reduce emissions and fight climate change, it also would bring additional important benefits, including protecting public health by reducing conventional air pollution, providing more mobility options, and driving innovation and economic growth through policy action and through public and private investment
Final report: Workshop on: Integrating electric mobility systems with the grid infrastructure
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:
This document is a report on the workshop entitled “Integrating Electric Mobility
Systems with the Grid Infrastructure” which was held at Boston University on November 6-7
with the sponsorship of the Sloan Foundation. Its objective was to bring together researchers
and technical leaders from academia, industry, and government in order to set a short and longterm research agenda regarding the future of mobility and the ability of electric utilities to meet
the needs of a highway transportation system powered primarily by electricity. The report is a
summary of their insights based on workshop presentations and discussions. The list of
participants and detailed Workshop program are provided in Appendices 1 and 2.
Public and private decisions made in the coming decade will direct profound changes in
the way people and goods are moved and the ability of clean energy sources – primarily
delivered in the form of electricity – to power these new systems. Decisions need to be made
quickly because of rapid advances in technology, and the growing recognition that meeting
climate goals requires rapid and dramatic action. The blunt fact is, however, that the pace of
innovation, and the range of business models that can be built around these innovations, has
grown at a rate that has outstripped our ability to clearly understand the choices that must be
made or estimate the consequences of these choices. The group of people assembled for this
Workshop are uniquely qualified to understand the options that are opening both in the future of
mobility and the ability of electric utilities to meet the needs of a highway transportation system
powered primarily by electricity. They were asked both to explain what is known about the
choices we face and to define the research issues most urgently needed to help public and
private decision-makers choose wisely. This report is a summary of their insights based on
workshop presentations and discussions.
New communication and data analysis tools have profoundly changed the definition of
what is technologically possible. Cell phones have put powerful computers, communication
devices, and position locators into the pockets and purses of most Americans making it possible
for Uber, Lyft and other Transportation Network Companies to deliver on-demand mobility
services. But these technologies, as well as technologies for pricing access to congested
roads, also open many other possibilities for shared mobility services – both public and private –
that could cut costs and travel time by reducing congestion. Options would be greatly expanded
if fully autonomous vehicles become available. These new business models would also affect
options for charging electric vehicles. It is unclear, however, how to optimize charging
(minimizing congestion on the electric grid) without increasing congestion on the roads or
creating significant problems for the power system that supports such charging capacity.
With so much in flux, many uncertainties cloud our vision of the future. The way new
mobility services will reshape the number, length of trips, and the choice of electric vehicle
charging systems and constraints on charging, and many other important behavioral issues are
critical to this future but remain largely unknown. The challenge at hand is to define plausible
future structures of electric grids and mobility systems, and anticipate the direct and indirect
impacts of the changes involved. These insights can provide tools essential for effective private ... [TRUNCATED]Workshop funded by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio
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Factors Affecting Demand for Plug-in Charging Infrastructure: An Analysis of Plug-in Electric Vehicle Commuters
The public sector and the private sector, which includes automakers and charging network companies, are increasingly investing in building charging infrastructure to encourage the adoption and use of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) and to ensure that current facilities are not congested. However, building infrastructure is costly and, as with road congestion, when there is significant uptake of PEVs, we may not be able to “build out of congestion.” We modelled the choice of charging location that more than 3000 PEV drivers make when given the options of home, work, and public locations. Our study focused on understanding the importance of factors driving demand such as: the cost of charging, driver characteristics, access to charging infrastructure, and vehicle characteristics. We found that differences in the cost of charging play an important role in the demand for charging location. PEV drivers tend to substitute workplace charging for home charging when they pay a higher electricity rate at home, more so when the former is free. Additionally, socio-demographic factors like dwelling type and gender, as well as vehicle technology factors like electric range, influence the choice of charging location
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