4,948 research outputs found
Quasi-cluster algebras from non-orientable surfaces
With any non necessarily orientable unpunctured marked surface (S,M) we
associate a commutative algebra, called quasi-cluster algebra, equipped with a
distinguished set of generators, called quasi-cluster variables, in bijection
with the set of arcs and one-sided simple closed curves in (S,M). Quasi-cluster
variables are naturally gathered into possibly overlapping sets of fixed
cardinality, called quasi-clusters, corresponding to maximal non-intersecting
families of arcs and one-sided simple closed curves in (S,M). If the surface S
is orientable, then the quasi-cluster algebra is the cluster algebra associated
with the marked surface (S,M) in the sense of Fomin, Shapiro and Thurston. We
classify quasi-cluster algebras with finitely many quasi-cluster variables and
prove that for these quasi-cluster algebras, quasi-cluster monomials form a
linear basis. Finally, we attach to (S,M) a family of discrete integrable
systems satisfied by quasi-cluster variables associated to arcs in the
quasi-cluster algebra and we prove that solutions of these systems can be
expressed in terms of cluster variables of type A.Comment: 38 pages, 14 figure
Hypothesis on the Nature of Time
We present numerical evidence that fictitious diffusing particles in the
causal dynamical triangulation (CDT) approach to quantum gravity exceed the
speed of light on small distance scales. We argue this superluminal behaviour
is responsible for the appearance of dimensional reduction in the spectral
dimension. By axiomatically enforcing a scale invariant speed of light we show
that time must dilate as a function of relative scale, just as it does as a
function of relative velocity. By calculating the Hausdorff dimension of CDT
diffusion paths we present a seemingly equivalent dual description in terms of
a scale dependent Wick rotation of the metric. Such a modification to the
nature of time may also have relevance for other approaches to quantum gravity.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures. Conforms with version to be published in PRD.
Clarifications and references adde
Spectral dimension of quantum geometries
The spectral dimension is an indicator of geometry and topology of spacetime
and a tool to compare the description of quantum geometry in various approaches
to quantum gravity. This is possible because it can be defined not only on
smooth geometries but also on discrete (e.g., simplicial) ones. In this paper,
we consider the spectral dimension of quantum states of spatial geometry
defined on combinatorial complexes endowed with additional algebraic data: the
kinematical quantum states of loop quantum gravity (LQG). Preliminarily, the
effects of topology and discreteness of classical discrete geometries are
studied in a systematic manner. We look for states reproducing the spectral
dimension of a classical space in the appropriate regime. We also test the
hypothesis that in LQG, as in other approaches, there is a scale dependence of
the spectral dimension, which runs from the topological dimension at large
scales to a smaller one at short distances. While our results do not give any
strong support to this hypothesis, we can however pinpoint when the topological
dimension is reproduced by LQG quantum states. Overall, by exploring the
interplay of combinatorial, topological and geometrical effects, and by
considering various kinds of quantum states such as coherent states and their
superpositions, we find that the spectral dimension of discrete quantum
geometries is more sensitive to the underlying combinatorial structures than to
the details of the additional data associated with them.Comment: 39 pages, 18 multiple figures. v2: discussion improved, minor typos
correcte
Borel generators
We use the notion of Borel generators to give alternative methods for
computing standard invariants, such as associated primes, Hilbert series, and
Betti numbers, of Borel ideals. Because there are generally few Borel
generators relative to ordinary generators, this enables one to do manual
computations much more easily. Moreover, this perspective allows us to find new
connections to combinatorics involving Catalan numbers and their
generalizations. We conclude with a surprising result relating the Betti
numbers of certain principal Borel ideals to the number of pointed
pseudo-triangulations of particular planar point sets.Comment: 23 pages, 2 figures; very minor changes in v2. To appear in J.
Algebr
IPN localizations of Konus short gamma-ray bursts
Between the launch of the \textit{GGS Wind} spacecraft in 1994 November and
the end of 2010, the Konus-\textit{Wind} experiment detected 296 short-duration
gamma-ray bursts (including 23 bursts which can be classified as short bursts
with extended emission). During this period, the IPN consisted of up to eleven
spacecraft, and using triangulation, the localizations of 271 bursts were
obtained. We present the most comprehensive IPN localization data on these
events. The short burst detection rate, 18 per year, exceeds that of many
individual experiments.Comment: Published versio
BPS state counting on singular varieties
We define new partition functions for theories with targets on toric
singularities via products of old partition functions on crepant resolutions.
We compute explicit examples and show that the new partition functions turn out
to be homogeneous on MacMahon factors.Comment: 16 pages Latex. Text reorganized. Expanded with comments on the
spaces C_mn, proofs of Prop 4.1 and another proof of Prop. 5.4 added.
Reference list updated.Version published in J. Phys A (color online
- …