Amalgamating players, symmetry and the Banzhaf value

We suggest new characterizations of the Banzhaf value without the symmetry axiom, which reveal that the characterizations by Lehrer (1988, International Journal of Game Theory 17, 89-99) and Nowak (1997, International Journal of Game Theory 26, 127-141) as well as most of the characterizations by Casajus (2010, Theory and De- cision, forthcoming) are redundant. Further, we explore symmetry implications of Lehrer's 2-efficiency axiom.Banzhaf value, amalgamation, symmetry, 2-efficiency

An Accelerating Universe without Lambda: Delta~Gravity Using Monte Carlo

A gravitational field model based on two symmetric tensors, $g_{\mu \nu}$ and $\tilde{g}_{\mu \nu}$, is studied, using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) analysis with the most updated catalog of SN-Ia. In this model, new matter fields are added to the original matter fields, motivated by an additional symmetry ($\tilde{\delta}$~symmetry). We call them $\tilde{\delta}$ matter fields. This theory predicts an accelerating Universe without the need to introduce a cosmological constant $\Lambda$ by hand in the equations. We obtained a very good fit to the SN-Ia Data, and with this, we found the two free parameters of the theory called $C$ and $L_2$. With these values, we have fixed all the degrees of freedom in the model. The last $H_0$ local value measurement is in tension with the CMB Data from Planck. Based on an absolute magnitude $M_V = -19.23$ for the SN, Delta Gravity finds $H_0$ to be $74.47\pm 1.63$ km/(s Mpc). This value is in concordance with the last measurement of the $H_0$ local value, $73.83\pm 1.48$ km/(s Mpc).Comment: latex, 27 pages,15 figure

Solving CFTs with Weakly Broken Higher Spin Symmetry

The method of large spin perturbation theory allows to analyse conformal field theories (CFT) by turning the crossing equations into an algebraic problem. We apply this method to a generic CFT with weakly broken higher spin (HS) symmetry, to the first non-trivial order in the breaking parameter. We show that the spectrum of broken currents, for any value of the spin, follows from crossing symmetry. After discussing a generic model of a single scalar field, we focus on vector models with $O(N)$ global symmetry. We rediscover the spectrum of several models, including the $O(N)$ Wilson-Fisher model around four dimensions, the large $O(N)$ model in $2<d<4$ and cubic models around six dimensions, not necessarily unitary. We also discuss models where the fundamental field is not part of the spectrum. Examples of this are weakly coupled gauge theories and our method gives an on-shell gauge invariant way to study them. At first order in the coupling constant we show that again the spectrum follows from crossing symmetry, to all values of the spin. Our method provides an alternative to usual perturbation theory without any reference to a Lagrangian.Comment: 30 pages,v2:typos correcte

Superconducting 2D system with lifted spin degeneracy: Mixed singlet-triplet state

Motivated by recent experimental findings, we have developed a theory of the superconducting state for 2D metals without inversion symmetry modeling the geometry of a surface superconducting layer in a field-effect-transistor or near the boundary doped by adsorbed ions. In such systems the two-fold spin degeneracy is lifted by spin-orbit interaction, and singlet and triplet pairings are mixed in the wave function of the Cooper pairs. As a result, spin magnetic susceptibility becomes anisotropic and Knight shift retains finite and rather high value at T=0.Comment: 5 pages, no figure

Lattice regularization of chiral gauge theories to all orders of perturbation theory

In the framework of perturbation theory, it is possible to put chiral gauge theories on the lattice without violating the gauge symmetry or other fundamental principles, provided the fermion representation of the gauge group is anomaly-free. The basic elements of this construction (which starts from the Ginsparg-Wilson relation) are briefly recalled and the exact cancellation of the gauge anomaly, at any fixed value of the lattice spacing and for any compact gauge group, is then proved rigorously through a recursive procedure.Comment: Plain TeX source, 26 pages, figures include

Kink-induced symmetry breaking patterns in brane-world SU(3)^3 trinification models

The trinification grand unified theory (GUT) has gauge group SU(3)^3 and a discrete symmetry permuting the SU(3) factors. In common with other GUTs, the attractive nature of the fermionic multiplet assignments is obviated by the complicated multi-parameter Higgs potential apparently needed for phenomenological reasons, and also by vacuum expectation value (VEV) hierarchies within a given multiplet. This motivates the rigorous consideration of Higgs potentials, symmetry breaking patterns and alternative symmetry breaking mechanisms in models with this gauge group. Specifically, we study the recently proposed ``clash of symmetries'' brane-world mechanism to see if it can help with the symmetry breaking conundrum. This requires a detailed analysis of Higgs potential global minima and kink or domain wall solutions interpolating between the disconnected global minima created through spontaneous discrete symmetry breaking. Sufficiently long-lived metastable kinks can also be considered. We develop what we think is an interesting, albeit speculative, brane-world scheme whereby the hierarchical symmetry breaking cascade, trinification to left-right symmetry to the standard model to colour cross electromagnetism, may be induced without an initial hierarchy in vacuum expectation values. Another motivation for this paper is simply to continue the exploration of the rich class of kinks arising in models that are invariant under both discrete and continuous symmetries.Comment: 12 pages, RevTex, references adde