Validação automatizada da análise da acessibilidade dos websites do judiciário brasileiro

The Brazil have rules to ensure that e-government websites meet accessibility requirements. However, legislation regulating accessibility on the Web does not guarantee application. Therefore, it is necessary to check the level of accessibility compliance on the Web portals to have a diagnosis of the current situation. The web pages of the Brazilian Judiciary are portals of access to justice and information on the judicial processes that the citizen needs. This project aims to develop a system capable of automatically assessing the accessibility of the websites of the Brazilian Judiciary for the benefit of citizens. The 94 websites of the Brazilian Judiciary were evaluated within the guidelines of WCAG 2.0, developed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The result showed a picture of how accessibility standards are being met by the Brazilian Judiciary, where none of the 94 websites analyzed to met the Success Criteria required by the WCAG 2.0 guidelines. The Success Criteria violated by the websites were analyzed using the Pareto principle, which identifies the main problems found in the websites analyzed.O Brasil têm normas para garantir que os websites de governo eletrônico atendam aos requisitos de acessibilidade. No entanto, a legislação que regulamenta a acessibilidade na Web não garantem a aplicação. Portanto, é necessário verificar o nível de conformidade da acessibilidade na Web dos portais para ter um diagnóstico da situação atual. As páginas web do Judiciário Brasileiro são portais de acesso à justiça e a informação dos processos judiciais de que o cidadão precisa. Este trabalho visa desenvolver um sistema capaz de avaliar automaticamente a acessibilidade dos websites do Judiciário Brasileiro em benefício aos cidadãos. Os 94 websites do Judiciário Brasileiro foram avaliados dentro das diretrizes do WCAG 2.0, desenvolvido pela World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). O resultado apontou um retrato, de como as normas sobre acessibilidade estão sendo cumpridas pelo Judiciário Brasileiro, onde nenhum dos 94 websites analisados conseguiu atender os Critérios de Sucesso exigidos pelas diretrizes do WCAG 2.0. Os Critérios de Sucesso violados pelos websites foram analisados utilizando o princípio de Pareto, que consegue identificar os principais problemas encontrados nos websites analisados

The Impact of e-Democracy in Political Stability of Nigeria

The history of the Nigerian electoral process has been hitherto characterized by violence stemming from disputes in election outcomes. For instance, violence erupted across some states in Northern Nigeria when results indicated that a candidate who was popular in that part of the country was losing the election leading to avoidable loss of lives. Beside, this dispute in election outcome lingers for a long time in litigation at the electoral tribunals which distracts effective governance. However, the increasing penetrating use of ICTs in Nigeria is evident in the electoral processes with consequent shift in the behavior of actors in the democratic processes, thus changing the ways Nigerians react to election outcomes. This paper examines the trend in the use ICT in the Nigerian political system and its impact on the stability of the polity. It assesses the role of ICT in recent electoral processes and compares its impact on the outcome of the process in lieu of previous experiences in the Nigeria. Furthermore, the paper also examines the challenges and risks of implementing e-Democracy in Nigeria and its relationship to the economy in the light of the socio-economic situation of the country. The paper adopted qualitative approach in data gathering and analysis. From the findings, the paper observed that e-democracy is largely dependent on the level of ICT adoption, which is still at its lowest ebb in the country. It recognizes the challenges in the provision of ICT infrastructure and argues that appropriate low-cost infrastructure applicable to the Nigerian condition can be made available to implement e-democracy and thus arouse the interest of the populace in governance, increase the number of voters, and enhance transparency, probity and accountability, and participation in governance as well as help stabilize the nascent democrac