VR Video Storytelling for Intangible Cultural Heritage Preservation.

Interactive digital storytelling has become a popular method for virtual cultural heritage presentations. Combinations of stories and 3D virtual reconstructions are attractive for the audience and have high edutainment values. In this paper we investigate if 360◦ VR videos further contribute to user immersion in the preservation of intangible cultural heritage. It describes a case study of the Mostar bridge diving project, aimed to present and preserve the bridge diving tradition from the Old Bridge in Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is a virtual reality application which enables the user to virtually jump off the bridge after watching 360◦ video stories about its history and the bridge diving tradition and upon successfully completing the quiz evaluation of the knowledge gained from the stories. The user experience evaluation study shows that our method was successful in preserving a form of intangible heritage and posits suggestions that can be used in developing an intangible heritage preservation framework

'Breaking the glass': preserving social history in virtual environments

New media technologies play an important role in the evolution of our society. Traditional museums and heritage sites have evolved from the ‘cabinets of curiosity’ that focused mainly on the authority of the voice organising content, to the places that offer interactivity as a means to experience historical and cultural events of the past. They attempt to break down the division between visitors and historical artefacts, employing modern technologies that allow the audience to perceive a range of perspectives of the historical event. In this paper, we discuss virtual reconstruction and interactive storytelling techniques as a research methodology and educational and presentation practices for cultural heritage sites. We present the Narrating the Past project as a case study, in order to illustrate recent changes in the preservation of social history and guided tourist trails that aim to make the visitor’s experience more than just an architectural walk through

VIRTUAL ACCESS TO HERITAGE THROUGH SCIENTIFIC DRAWING, SEMANTIC MODELS AND VR-EXPERIENCE OF THE STRONGHOLD OF ARQUATA DEL TRONTO AFTER THE EARTHQUAKE

Interactive representation has proven to be an effective tool in various disciplines related to Digital Cultural Heritage (DCH). This study proposes a research method that uses interactive representation to share complex scenarios like the Stronghold of Arquata del Tronto, facilitating novel forms of heritage dissemination. The scan-to-BIM process made it possible to digitise complex structural elements damaged by the 2016 earthquake. The investigation of the complexity paradigm improved the reliability of the semantic model that supports the preservation process. Interoperability and accessibility paradigms were explored to create a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of the built heritage. A web-VR platform was developed to enhance user interaction and simplify virtual environment exploration without using complex hardware (VR headset and controllers), making it possible to experience VR in the browser

De la web 1.0 a la web 4.0: mapeo de las plataformas de patrimonio digital para las propiedades del patrimonio de la UNESCO en Indonesia

[EN] The advent of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has had and is having a major impact on Indonesian cultural resource management, and on the safeguarding methods of its tangible and intangible cultural heritages. Despite varied levels and visible gaps between rural and urban regions in terms of technology usage, innovative initiatives have been created, which correspond to the needs and expectations of a technology-savvy public. As a starting point, a number of public institutions dealing with tangible cultural heritage (e.g. museums, palaces, temples, World Heritage Sites (WHS)) do use innovative digital tools in order to communicate to various audiences, as well as to enrich visitors’ experience, especially taking into consideration young generations. This paper will firstly examine the role of ICTs in intangible cultural heritage (ICH) (e.g. Batik, Wayang puppet theatre, etc.); secondly, the authors will explain how ICTs can help to communicate and promote the values, history, and significances of ICH products, both for locals and tourists, with the goal of raising awareness on cultural identity. However, the knowledge of ICH still requires contacts with its own communities and is vulnerable, as it can be exposed to excessive cultural commoditization through e-platforms. This study aims at giving an overview and some examples of digital interventions for cultural heritage communication implemented by various stakeholders in Indonesia. In addition, this paper analyses to what extent a participatory approach engaging local communities, academics, private sectors, NGOs and the government, can ensure higher levels of effectiveness and efficiency, hence supporting the conservation of UNESCO tangible/ICH in Indonesia. This paper aims at: (1) presenting the development of digital heritage platforms in Indonesia; (2) providing a grid of analysis of digital heritage knowledge platforms dedicated to UNESCO tangible and ICH in forms of websites and mobile apps.[ES] La aparición de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) ha tenido y está teniendo un gran impacto en la gestión de los recursos culturales indonesios y en los métodos de salvaguarda de sus patrimonios culturales materiales e inmateriales. A pesar de los distintos niveles y las brechas existentes entre las regiones rurales y urbanas en términos de uso de la tecnología, se han creado iniciativas innovadoras que corresponden a las necesidades y expectativas de un público experto en tecnología. Como punto de partida, algunas instituciones públicas que se ocupan del patrimonio cultural material (por ejemplo, museos, palacios, templos, sitios patrimonio de la humanidad (WHS)) implementan herramientas digitales innovadoras para comunicarse con diverso público y enriquecer la experiencia de los visitantes, especialmente teniendo en cuenta a las generaciones jóvenes. Este artículo examinará primeramente el papel de las TIC en el patrimonio cultural inmaterial (PCI) (por ejemplo, Batik, teatro de marionetas de Wayang, etc.); en segundo lugar, los autores explicarán cómo las TIC pueden ayudar a comunicar y promover los valores, la historia y el significado de los productos del PCI tanto al público local, como a los turistas, con el objetivo de crear conciencia sobre la identidad cultural. Sin embargo, el conocimiento del PCI todavía requiere contactos con sus propias comunidades y es vulnerable, ya que está expuesto a la excesiva mercantilización cultural a través de plataformas electrónicas. Este estudio tiene como objetivo proporcionar una visión general y algunos ejemplos de intervenciones digitales en la comunicación del patrimonio cultural adoptadas por diversos organismos interesados en Indonesia. Además, este documento explica en qué medida un enfoque participativo, que involucra a las comunidades locales, académicas, sectores privados, ONG y al gobierno, puede garantizar niveles más altos de efectividad y eficiencia, y, por tanto, apoyar la conservación del patrimonio cultural  material/inmaterial de la UNESCO en Indonesia. Este documento tiene como objetivos: (1) presentar el desarrollo de plataformas de patrimonio digital en Indonesia; (2) proporcionar una matriz de análisis de plataformas de conocimiento del patrimonio digital dedicadas al patrimonio cultural material e inmaterial de la UNESCO en sitios web y aplicaciones móviles.Indonesian LPDP (Lembaga Pengelola Dana Pendidikan) Endowment Funds Scholarships, Ministry of Finance, Republic of Indonesia; UNESCO Chair in ICT to develop and promote sustainable tourism in World Heritage Sites USI - Università della Svizzera Italiana, Switzerland.Permatasari, PA.; Qohar, AA.; Rachman, AF. (2020). From web 1.0 to web 4.0: the digital heritage platforms for UNESCO’s heritage properties in Indonesia. Virtual Archaeology Review. 11(23):75-93. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2020.13121OJS75931123Adukaite, A., & Cantoni, L. (2016). Raising awareness and promoting informal learning on World Heritage in Southern Africa: The case of WHACY, a gamified ICT-enhanced tool. International Journal of Education and Development Using Information and Communication Technology, 12(2), 50-67. Retrieved May 24, 2020 from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1111509Aghaei, S., Nematbakhsh, M. A., & Farsani, H. K. (2012). Evolution of the world wide web : from web 1.0 to web 4.0. International Journal of Web & Semantic Technology, 3(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.5121/ijwest.2012.3101Albert, M. T. (2012). Perspectives of world heritage: towards future-oriented strategies with the five 'Cs.' In M. T. Albert, M. Richon, M. J. Viñals, & A. Witcomb (Eds.), Community development through World Heritage (pp. 16-26). Retrieved May 18, 2020 from https://whc.unesco.org/en/series/31/Aljunied, S. M. K. (2004). Shades of Alterity: A study of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles' discourse on religions amongst the Malays (Doctoral dissertation). National University of Singapore, Singapore. Retrieve May 18, 2020 from https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/13867Almeida, F. L. (2017). Concept and dimensions of web 4.0. International Journal of Computers & Technology, 16(7), 7040-7046. https://doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v16i7.6446Arya, I. T. (2016). Berlatih tari Cendrawasih [Learning Cendrawasih dance] [Mobile App Software]. Retrieved May 31, 2020 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=id.ardev.taribali&hl=enAtzori, L., Iera, A., & Morabito, G. (2010). The internet of things: a survey. Computer Networks, 54(15), 2787-2805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2010.05.010Avi, E. (2014). Gerakan sejuta data budaya dilaunching dari Bandung. [One million cultural database launched in Bandung]. Retrieved May 23, 2020 from https://news.detik.com/berita-jawa-barat/d-2602920/gerakan-sejuta-daya-budaya-dilaunching-dari-bandungBasole, R. C., & Karla, J. (2012). Value transformation in the mobile service ecosystem: a study of app store emergence and growth. Service Science, 4(1), 24-41. https://doi.org/10.1287/serv.1120.0004Berners-Lee, T. (2000). Weaving the Web. The Original Design and Ultimate Destiny of the World Wide Web by its Inventor. New York: Harper Collins.Blanco, S., Carrión, B., & Lerma, J. L. (2016). Review of augmented reality and virtual reality techniques in Rock Art. In Proceedings of the 8th International Congress on Archaeology, Computer Graphics, Cultural Heritage and Innovation (pp. 176-183). https://doi.org/10.4995/arqueologica8.2016.3561Boily, L. (2004). Économie du savoir, identités plurielles et nouvelles formes d'exclusion. [Knowledge economy, plural identity and new forms of exclusion]. L'Interculturel et l'Économie à l'Œuvre (pp. 128-153). Paris: Les édition David.Boonstra, S. N. (2014). Changing wayang scenes Heritage formation and wayang performance practice in colonial and postcolonial Indonesia (Doctoral Dissertation). Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Netherlands. Retrieved from https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/changing-wayang-scenes-heritage-formation-and-wayang-performance-Cantoni, L., Faré, M., Bolchini, D., & Giulieri, F. (2007). European cities and web tourism communication. An indicators-based pilot study. Proceedings of the Travel Distribution Summit, Europe, Research Conference (pp. 45-54). London: Axon Imprint.Cantoni, L., & Tardini, S. (2006). Internet. London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203698884Cantoni, L., & Tardini, S. (2008). Communicating in the information society: new tools for new practices. In Pier Cesare Rivoltella (Ed.), Digital Literacy. Tools and Methodologies for Information Society (pp. 26-44). New York: IGI Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-798-0.ch002Cantoni, L. (2018). Heritage and sustainable tourism. The role and challenge of information and communication technologies. In Silvia De Ascaniis, M. Gravari-Barbas, & L. Cantoni (Eds.), Tourism Management at UNESCO World Heritage Sites, (pp. 68-74). Retrieved from https://www.fun-mooc.fr/courses/course-v1:Paris1+16008+session01/aboutCharter, V. (1964). International charter for the conservation and restoration. The IInd International Congress of Architects and Technicians of Historic Monuments, Venice, 1964. Retrieved May 23, 2020 from https://www.icomos.org/en/participer/179-articles-en-francais/ressources/charters-and-standards/157-the-venice-charterChi, M. T. H. (1997). Quantifying qualitative analyses of verbal data: a practical guide. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 6(3), 271-315. Retrieved July 13, 2020 from http://web.eecs.umich.edu/~mjguz/csl/home.cc.gatech.edu/allison/uploads/4/chi1997.pdf https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327809jls0603_1Dabello, M. (2016). The past in the present. In P. S. Richards, W. A. Wiegand, & M. Dalbello (Eds.), A history of modern librarianship : constructing the heritage of western cultures (Vol. 69, p. 6). California: Libraries Unlimited/ABC-CLIO.Davida, S., & Cantoni, L. (2015). Co-design of eTourism application. The case of Ilha de Mozambique. Enter eTourism Conference 2015. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.1785.6488Danesi, M. (2013). Encyclopedia of media and communication. University of Toronto Press. https://doi.org/10.3138/9781442695528De Ascaniis, S., Della Monica, C., & Cantoni, L. (2017). A social media campaign to raise awareness about violent heritage destruction. The case of #faces4heritage. HTHIC2017 - Heritage, Tourism and Hospitality, Pori (Finland). 27-29 September 2017. Retrieved May 21, 2020 from http://www.unescochair.usi.ch/faces4heritage/destroyed-heritageDe Ascaniis, S., & Cantoni, L. (2013). Artistic and religious experiences in online travel reviews about saint paul outside the walls (Rome). Proceedings of ICOT 2013, International Conference on Tourism, 160-173. Limassol, Cyprus: Konstantinos Andriotis. Retrieved May 29, 2020 from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275209839Demartini, C., & Benussi, L. (2017). Do web 4.0 and industry 4.0 imply education X.0? IT Professional, 19(3), 4-7. https://doi.org/10.1109/MITP.2017.47Diarta, I. K. S. (2017). Promotion strategy of Borobudur world cultural heritage site for international tourists. Udayana Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 1(2), 190. https://doi.org/10.24843/ujossh.2017.v01.i02.p12Elbanna, A. R. (2009). Actor-network theory in ICT research. International Journal of Actor-Network Theory and Technological Innovation, 1(3), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.4018/jantti.2009070101Fahmi, I. (2002). The Indonesian digital library network is born to struggle with the digital divide. International Information and Library Review, 34(2), 153-174. https://doi.org/10.1006/iilr.2002.0191Fitri, I., Ahmad, Y., & Ahmad, F. (2015). Conservation of tangible cultural heritage in Indonesia: a review current national criteria for assessing heritage value. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 184, 71-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.05.055Garbelli, M. (2015). World heritage sites, tourism, and ICT. Presentation material presented in UNESCO Summer School in ICT for Gastronomic tourism 2015, Milan, Italy.Garbelli, M., Adukaite, A., & Cantoni, L. (2017). Value perception of world heritage sites and tourism sustainability matters through content analysis of online communications. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 8(3), 417-431. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTT-09-2016-0046Gunarto, H. (2007). Digital preservation of Borobudur world heritage. Journal of Ritsumeikan Studies in Language and Culture, 19(2), 263-278. Retrieved from https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Digital-preservation-of-Borobudur-world-heritage-Gunarto/7ae35860a6f96a44f9e08392fc48aa4d48e7adec#paper-headerIndo3one3. (2019). Borobudur explorer. Retrieved May 28, 2020 from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.ciihuy.borobudurexplorer&hl=enIndonesian Ministry of Education and Culture. (1992). Undang - undang no. 5 tahun 1992 tentang benda cagar cudaya [Law number 5, 1992 on cultural heritage]. Retrieved May 28, 2020 from https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/46597/uu-no-5-tahun-1992Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture. (2010). Undang - undang no. 11 tahun 2010 tentang cagar budaya [Law number 11, 2010 on cultural heritage]. Retrieved May 28, 2020 from http://www.bpkp.go.id/uu/filedownload/2/2/77.bpkpIndonesian Ministry of Education and Culture. (2017). Undang - undang no. 5 tahun 2017 tentang pemajuan budaya [Law number 5, 2017 on cultural cdvancement]. Retrieved May 28, 2020 from http://pemajuankebudayaan.id/undang-undang/Indonesian Ministry of State Owned Enterprises. (2019). Rumah Kreatif BUMN [The launching program of creative house for SMEs by Ministry of State Owned Enterprises]. Retrieved May 28, 2020 from http://www.bumn.go.id/berita/0-RUMAH-KREATIF-BUMN.Islam, R., Islam, R., & Mazumder, T. (2010). Mobile application and its global impact. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 10(6), 72-78. Retrieved May 22, 2020 from http://ijens.org/107506-0909%20IJET-IJENS.pdfJonathan, C. J., & Tarigan, R. (2016). The effects of e-tourism to the development of tourism sector in Indonesia. CommIT (Communication and Information Technology) Journal, 10(2), 59. https://doi.org/10.21512/commit.v10i2.1669Katwinto, E. (2013). National Museum of Indonesia. Retrieved from Virtual Collection on Asian Masterpieces (VCM). website: http://masterpieces.asemus.museum/museum/detail.nhn?museumId=1067Kéfi, H., & Pallud, J. (2011). Digital heritage the role of technologies in cultural mediation in museums: An actor-network theory view applied in France. Museum Management and Curatorship, 26(3), 273-289. https://doi.org/10.1080/09647775.2011.585803Kepios. (2019). Everything you need to know about mobile, internet, social media, and e-commerce use in Indonesia in 2019. Retrieved May 22, 2020 from https://datareportal.com/digital-in-indonesiaKrumm, J., Davies, N., & Narayanaswami, C. (2008). User-generated content. IEEE Pervasive Computing, 7(6), 10-11. https://doi.org/10.1109/MPRV.2008.85Kuswarno, E. (2015). Potret wajah masyarakat digital Indonesia. [The portrait of Indonesian digital society]. Jurnal Communicate, 1(1), 47-54. Retrieved from http://ejournal.jayabaya.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Communicate/article/view/36Lasi, H., Fettke, P., Kemper, H. G., Feld, T., & Hoffmann, M. (2014). Industry 4.0. Business and Information Systems Engineering, 6(4), 239-242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-014-0334-4Lechner, U., & Schmid, B. F. (2000). Communities and media-towards a reconstruction of communities on media. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, vol.1, 10. https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2000.926817Lewis, G. (2015). Museums and their precursors: a brief world survey. Manual of curatorship (2nd ed., pp. 23-39). Retrieved from https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781315810126/chapters/10.4324/9781315810126-10Lizzi, G., Cantoni, L., & Inversini, A. (2011). When a magazine goes online: a case study in the tourism field. Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2011 (pp. 355-366). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0503-0_29Logan, R. K. (2002). The five ages of communication. Explorations in Media Ecology, 1(1), 13-20. https://doi.org/10.1386/eme.1.1.13_1Marty, P. F. (2014). Digital convergence and the information profession in cultural heritage organizations: Reconciling internal and external demands. Library Trends, 62(3), 613-627. https://doi.org/10.1353/lib.2014.0007Murugesan, S. (2007). Understanding web 2.0. IT Professional, 9(4), 34-41. https://doi.org/10.1109/MITP.2007.78Mutinda, R., & Cantoni, L. (2016). The efficacy of heritage interpretation at the lalibela rock-hewn churches in Ethiopia: exploring the need for integrating ICT-mediation. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 4(3), 4(3), 17-28. https://doi.org/10.21427/D7PH8MO'Hern, M. S., & Kahle, L. R. (2013). The empowered customer: user-generated content and the future of marketing. Global Economics and Management Review, 18(1), 22-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2340-1540(13)70004-5Pazia. (2012). Pazia Angklung. Retrieved May 30, 2020 from Google Play website: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=picodio.project.angklung&hl=enPermatasari, P. A., & Cantoni, L. (2019a). Indonesian tourism and batik: an online map. E-Review of Tourism Research, 16(2/3). Retrieved May 21, 2020 from https://journals.tdl.org/ertr/index.php/ertr/article/view/331/Permatasari, P. A., & Cantoni, L. (2019b). Mapping mobile apps on Batik: a journey across heritage and fashion. In N. Kalbaska, T. Sádaba, F. Cominelli, & L. Cantoni (Eds.), Fashion Communication in the Digital Age (pp. 166-178). Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15436-3_15Praharini, A. (2014). Menanti peraturan pelaksanaan dari undang-undang nomor 11 tahun 2010 tentang cagar budaya [The implementation of law no. 11, 2010 on cultural heritage]. RechtsVinding Online, 1-5. Retrieved May 24, 2020 from https://rechtsvinding.bphn.go.idRakhmawati, Y. (2016). Batik Madura: heritage cyberbranding. Jurnal Komunikasi, 10(1), 57. https://doi.org/10.21107/ilkom.v10i1.1840Raza, A. (2016). Angklung 4D [Mobile App Software]. Retrieved May 30, 2020 from https://apkpure.com/id/angklung-4d/com.focusar.angklung4dRedweik, P., Cláudio, A. P., Carmo, M. B., Naranjo, J. M., & Sanjosé, J. J. (2017). Digital preservation of cultural and scientific heritage: Involving university students to raise awareness of its importance. Virtual Archaeology Review, 8(16), 22-34. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2017.4629Robbins, C. (2010). Beyond preservation: New directions for technological innovation through intangible cultural heritage. International Journal of Education and Development Using ICT, 6(2).Rosani, I., De Ascaniis, S., Gravari-Barbas, M., & Cantoni, L. (2018). ICTs to train on world heritage and tourism: the case of "Tourism management at UNESCO World Heritage Sites" MOOC (pp. 783-791). Proceedings of Gangemi. Architettura, Urbanistica, Ambiente. World Heritage and Knowledge. Capri.Schieder, T. K., Adukaite, A., & Cantoni, L. (2014). Mobile apps devoted to UNESCO world heritage sites: a map. In Z. Xiang, & I. Tussyadiah (Eds.), Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism (pp. 17-29). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03973-2_2Serrat, O. (2017). Collaborating with Wikis. In Knowledge Solutions (pp. 609-613). Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0983-9_66Situngkir, H. (2010). From data to celebration of cultural heritages: preservations, acquisitions, and intellectual property regulations - Munich Personal RePEc Archive. Acquisitions, and Intellectual Property Regulations. Retrieved from http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/27021/ https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1715545Situngkir, H. (2011). The phylomemetics of Batik. SSRN Electronic Journal, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1481394Situngkir, H. (2015). Map of Batik. Retrieved May 27, 2020, from https://apps.apple.com/us/app/map-of-batik/id1040359216Situngkir, H. (2019). Reinvensi budaya nusantara di era siber [Reinventing Indonesian culture in cyber era]. Proceeding dan Seminar Nasional Seni dan Desain 2019. Retrieved July 13, 2020 from https://proceedings.sendesunesa.net/media/289169-reinvensi-budaya-nusantara-di-era-siber-437eb25e.pdfSmit, J., Kreutzer, S., Moeller, C., & Carlberg, M. (2016). Industry 4.0. European Parliament, Document No. IP/A/ITRE/2015-02. Retrieved May 25, 2020 from https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/STUD/2016/570007/IPOL_STU(2016)570007_EN.pdfStanforth, C. (2007). Using actor-network theory to analyze e-government implementation in developing countries. Information Technologies and International Development, 3(3), 35-60. https://doi.org/10.1162/itid.2007.3.3.35Statham, N. (2019). Scientific rigour of online platforms for 3D visualisation of heritage. Virtual Archaeology Review, 10(20), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2019.9715Studio, E. (2018). Cerita anak: Roro Jonggrang dan Bandung Bondowoso [Kids story: princess Roro Jonggrang and prince Bandung Bondowoso] [Mobile application software]. Retrieved May 30, 2020, from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.educastudio.cerirorojonggrang&hl=enStuedahl, D. (2007). Convergence, museums and digital cultural heritage. In T. Storsul & D. Stuedahl (Eds.), The Ambivalence towards Convergence: Digitalization and Media Change (pp. 129-144). Sweden: Nordicom.Surakarta, U. (2016). Wayang fighters by Prodi D3 Teknik Informatika FMIPA UNS Surakarta [Mobile application software]. Retrieved May 30, 2020, from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.IrfanCorporation.WayangFighterTardini, S. (2003). Keywords as passwords to communities. Proceedings of the Fifth Conference of the International Society for the Study of Argumentation. Amsterdam: Sic Sat.Titchen, S. M. (1996). On the construction of '

Actors in VR storytelling

Virtual Reality (VR) storytelling enhances the immersion of users into virtual environments (VE). Its use in virtual cultural heritage presentations helps the revival of the genius loci (the spirit of the place) of cultural monuments. This paper aims to show that the use of actors in VR storytelling adds to the quality of user experience and improves the edutainment value of virtual cultural heritage applications. We will describe the Baiae dry visit application which takes us to a time travel in the city considered by the Roman elite as "Little Rome (Pusilla Roma)" and presently is only partially preserved under the sea.Comment: Pre-print versio

Beyond virtual cultural tourism: history-living experiences with cinematic virtual reality

Virtual reality offers unprecedented opportunities for creating cultural tourism experiences that tell visitors emotionally engaging stories about the past.  This paper focuses onthe latest frontier of immersive storytelling rivalling feature films, cinematic virtual reality, which can immerse users into 360-degree films making them feel like living the story. Through a qualitative analysis of five projects, this paper explores how this new media form has been applied for cultural heritage storytelling and analyses the reactions of users to the historyliving experiences with an emphasis on their emotional responses. Based on the findings of the analysis, implications are discussed for the design of VR experiences in cultural tourism

Museos virtuales y entorno construido: narrativas y experiencias inmersivas vía centros de geodatos multitemporales

[EN] Our built environment is nowadays considered as a dynamic complex, stretching and transforming across space and time, with the interaction of human, social and economic dimensions. It needs to be safeguarded as living places for the future taking into account such complexity. The general aim of this work is to contribute to the comprehension of landscape values, enhancing participation processes by tourists and local communities, considering the built environment as a system: the sum of natural transformation, ancient artefacts stratification and human activities, partially covering the tangible traces, and functioning as a vehicle for the comprehension of intangible values. Multi-temporal, multi-scale and geospatial datasets can play an important role in such knowledge transfer processes by means of narratives and immersive experiences in a multimedia museum approach. In particular, the cartographic heritage, in the form of metric and non-metric maps, can be progressively used as a source of information for innovative narratives. Virtual Museums (VMs)are additional "channels" to disseminate content and to provide knowledge about cultural heritage; they have emerged from the crossbreeding process between museums and digital technologies. Investigating how digital storytelling may support communication and understanding of complex systems, such as the built environment and landscape, it is relevant because cultural awareness may foster the sense of belonging and identity construction of which Europe is thirsty, contributing to the safeguarding of fragile sites. The paper provides useful information for museums that would like to follow this pathway. It retraces the main steps of storytelling production and presents interesting examples of immersive narrative models based on geospatial data and a virtual hub, helping people to retrieve and access information and to recognize places of memory mostly unknown. Moreover, it offers an evaluation of existing tools that can be adopted for this purpose. Eventually, by virtue of the research carried out for the case study of the Virtual Museum of Como Lake Landscape, the paper aims at ascertaining which kind of stories and experiences can be designed, the potential of these tools and possible weaknesses or constraints that deserve future researches.[ES] El entorno construido se considera hoy en día como un complejo dinámico, que se extiende y transforma a través del espacio y el tiempo, con interacción de dimensiones humanas, sociales y económicas. Debe salvaguardarse como lugares donde vivir el futuro teniendo en cuenta tal complejidad. El objetivo general de este trabajo es contribuir a la comprensión de los valores paisajísticos, potenciando los procesos de participación de los turistas y de los autóctonos, considerando el entorno construido como un sistema: suma de la transformación natural, de la estratificación de artefactos antiguos y de actividades humanas, cubriendo parcialmente los rastros tangibles, y vehículo de comprensión de valores intangibles. Los conjuntos de datos multitemporales, a multi-escala y geoespaciales pueden desempeñar un papel importante en dicho proceso de transferencia de conocimiento a través de narrativas y experiencias inmersivas en el enfoque de un museo multimedia. En particular, el patrimonio cartográfico, en forma de mapas métricos y mapas no métricos, puede utilizarse progresivamente como fuente de información para narrativas innovadoras. Los Museos Virtuales (VM) son “canales” adicionales que permiten difundir contenido y proporcionar conocimiento sobre el patrimonio cultural; surgen del proceso de mestizaje entre museos y tecnologías digitales. Investigar cómo la narración digital puede apoyar la comunicación y la comprensión de sistemas complejos, como el entorno construido y el paisaje, es relevante porque la conciencia cultural puede fomentar el sentido de pertenencia y la construcción de identidad de los que Europa tiene sed, contribuyendo a la protección de sitios frágiles. El artículo proporciona información útil para los museos que deseen seguir este camino. Describe los principales pasos que deberían considerarse a la hora de producir narrativas y pone ejemplos interesantes de modelos narrativos inmersivos basados en datos geoespaciales y centros virtuales, que ayudan a las personas a recuperar y acceder a información, y a reconocer lugares desconocidos o vagamente retenidos en la memoria. Además, ofrece una evaluación de las herramientas existentes que se pueden adoptar con este propósito. El objetivo es aclarar, finalmente, en virtud dela investigación desarrollada en el caso de estudio del Museo Virtual del Paisaje del Lago di Como, qué tipo de historias y experiencias se pueden diseñar, el potencial de estas herramientas y las posibles debilidades o limitaciones que merecen futuras investigaciones.We thank Stefano Della Torre (Head of Polimi dABC) as Sc. Responsible of the Advisory within the PORL FESR 2007/2013 ‘Multimedia system for the presentation and participated recognizing of the environmental values of the landscape of the Lake of Como’; and Leoni Marco (Director of the Museum of Como Lake Landscape) for the concession of museum’s data and his support in developing the PhD research of which this paper presents a summary of preliminary findings.The research leading to the results of this paper is partially funded under the ICT Policy Support Programme (ICT PSP) as part of the Competitiveness and Innovation Framework Programme by the European Community (CIP) GA no. 620400.Brumana, R.; Oreni, D.; Caspani, S.; Previtali, M. (2018). Virtual museums and built environment: narratives and immersive experience via multi-temporal geodata hub. Virtual Archaeology Review. 9(19):34-49. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2018.9918SWORD3449919Bedford, L. (2001). Storytelling: The real work of museums. Curator: the museum journal, Vol. 44, Issue 1, 27-34. doi: 10.1111/j.2151-6952.2001.tb00027.xBarazzetti, L., Brumana, R., Oreni, D., & Roncoroni, F. (2013). Recognizing landscapes: can we change the point of view of geographic data? Journal of Mobile Multimedia, Vol. 9(1-2), 39-52. doi: 10.1111/j.2151-6952.2001.tb00027.xBarazzetti, L., Brumana, R., Oreni, D., & Previtali, M. (2014). Historical Map Registration via Independent Model Adjustment with Affine Transformations. In ICCSA 2014 (pp. 44-56). doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-09147-1_4Barazzetti L., Brumana, R., Cuca, B., & Previtali, M. (2015). Towards a Virtual Hub for a wider Open Data community. In Geomatics Workbooks n° 12, "FOSS4G Europe Como 2015" (pp.1-12).Brumana, R., Cuca, B., Oreni, D., Prandi, F., & Scaioni, M. (2010). Integration of old cadastral maps into up-to-date geodatabases for urban planning. In Core spatial databases - updating maintenance and services. From theory to practice (pp. 90-95). Haifa, Israel.Brumana, R., Oreni, D., Cuca, B., Rampini, A., & Pepe, M. (2012). Open Access to Historical Atlas: Sources of Information and Services for Landscape Analysis in an SDI Framework. In ICCSA 2012 (pp. 397-413). Springer Int. Publishing. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-31075-1_30.Brumana, R., Oreni, D., Van Hecke, L., Barazzetti, L., Previtali, M., Roncoroni, F., & Valente, R. (2013). Combined Geometric and Thermal Analysis from Uav Platforms for Archaeological Heritage Documentation. In XXIV International Cipa Symposium (pp. 49-54). Strasbourg, France.Brumana, R., Santana Quintero, M., Barazzetti, L., Previtali, M., Della Torre, S., Roels, D., & Capitani, M. (2015). A geo-swot chart, using a values centered approach and multitemporal-maps for landscape assessment and multimedia ecomuseum. In ICOMOS International Symposium "Heritage and Landscape as Human Values, Theme 1 "Sharing and experiencing the identity of communities through tourism and interpretation" (pp. 186-191). Florence, Italy.Bedford, L. (2001). Storytelling: The real work of museums. Curator: the Museum Journal, 44(1), 27-34.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2151-6952.2001.tb00027.xBarazzetti, L., Brumana, R., Oreni, D., & Roncoroni, F. (2013). Recognizing landscapes: can we change the point of view of geographic data? Journal of Mobile Multimedia, 9(1-2), 39-52.Barazzetti, L., Brumana, R., Oreni, D., & Previtali, M. (2014). Historical Map Registration via Independent Model Adjustment with Affine Transformations. In ICCSA 2014 (pp. 44-56). Guimaraes, Portugal. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09147-1_4Barazzetti, L., Brumana, R., Cuca, B., & Previtali, M. (2015). Towards a Virtual Hub for a wider Open Data community. In FOSS4G Europe 2015(pp.1-12). Como, Italy.Brumana, R., Cuca, B., Oreni, D., Prandi, F., & Scaioni, M. (2010). Integration of old cadastral maps into up-to-date geodatabases for urban planning. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XXXVIII, 4-8-2/W9, 90-95.Brumana, R., Oreni, D., Cuca, B., Rampini, A., &Pepe, M. (2012). Open Access to Historical Atlas: Sources of Information and Services for Landscape Analysis in an SDI Framework .In ICCSA 2012(pp. 397-413).Salvador de Bahia, Brazil. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31075-1_30Brumana, R., Oreni, D., Van Hecke, L., Barazzetti, L., Previtali, M., Roncoroni, F., & Valente, R. (2013). Combined geometric and thermal analysis from UAV platforms for archaeological heritage documentation. ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Science, II-5/W1, 49-54. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-II-5-W1-49-2013Brumana, R., Santana Quintero, M., Barazzetti, L., Previtali, M., Della Torre, S., Roels, D., & Capitani, M. (2015a). A geo-swot chart, using a values centered approach and multi temporal-maps for landscape assessment and multimedia ecomuseum. In ICOMOS International Symposium "Heritage and Landscape as Human Values", Theme 1"Sharing and experiencing the identity of communities through tourism and interpretation" (pp. 186-191). Florence, Italy.Brumana, R., Santana Quintero, M., Barazzetti, L., Previtali, M., Banfi, F., Oreni, D., Roels D., & Roncoroni, F. (2015b). Towards a virtual hub approach for landscape assessment and multimedia ecomuseum using multi temporal-maps. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XL-5/W7, 49-56. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-XL-5-W7-49-2015Bruner, J. (1991). The Narrative Construction of Reality. Critical Inquiry, 18 (1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1086/448619Caquard, S. (2013). Mapping narrative cartography. Progress in Human Geography, 37(1), 135-144.https://doi.org/10.1177/0309132511423796Caspani, S., Brumana, R., Oreni, D., Previtali, M. (2017). Virtual museums as digital storytellers for dissemination of built environment: possible narratives and outlooks for appealing and rich encounters with the past. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XLII-2/W5, 113-119.https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W5-113-2017Castells, M. (2000). The construction of European Identity. Retrieved October25, 2017, fromhttps://www.chet.org.za/files/CASTELLS%202004%20European%20Identity.pdfCouncil of Europe. (2000). European Landscape Convention. Retrieved October25, 2017, from https://rm.coe.int/1680080621Cuca, B., Brumana, R., Scaioni, M., & Oreni, D. (2011). Spatial Data Management of Temporal Map Series for Cultural and Environmental Heritage. International Journal of Spatial Data Infrastructures Research, 6, 97-125.https.//doi.org/10.2902/1725-0463.2011.06.art5Cuca, B., Previtali, M., Barazzetti, L., & Brumana, R. (2017). Benefits of using Open Geo-spatial Data for valorization of Cultural Heritage: GeoPan app. In 19th EGU General Assembly (p. 19101). Wien, Austria. Retrieved June 20, 2018, from https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2017/EGU2017-19101.pdfGiaccardi, E., & Fogli, D. (2008). Affective geographies: toward a richer cartographic semantics for the geospatial web. In AVI 8 Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual interfaces (pp. 173-180). Napoli, Italy. https://doi.org/10.1145/1385569.1385598Hooper-Greenhill, E. (2005). I musei e la formazione del sapere: le radici storiche, le pratiche del presente. Milan: Il Saggiatore.ICOMOS. (1996). The Declaration of San Antonio. Retrieved April 1, 2018, from https://www.icomos.org/en/charters-and-texts/179-articles-en-francais/ressources/charters-and-standards/188-the-declaration-of-san-antonioICOMOS. (2008a). Charter on cultural routes. Retrieved April 1, 2018, from https://www.icomos.org/images/DOCUMENTS/Charters/culturalroutes_e.pdfICOMOS. (2008b). Quebèc Declaration on the preservation of the spirit of place. Retrieved April 1, 2018, from https://www.icomos.org/quebec2008/quebec_declaration/pdf/GA16_Quebec_Declaration_Final_EN.pdfICOMOS. (2014). The Florence Declaration on Heritage and Landscapes as Human Values. Retrieved April 1, 2018, from https://www.icomos.org/images/DOCUMENTS/Secretariat/2015/GA_2014_results/GA2014_Symposium_FlorenceDeclaration_EN_final_20150318.pdfMacdonald, S. (2013) .Memorylands: Heritage and Identity in Europe Today. London: Routledge.Monti, C., Achille, C., Brumana, R., Musumeci, S., Oreni, D., & Signori, M. (2009). Perspectives on the 3-D analysis through the cadastral map series (XVIII -XX sec.) and the first geodetic large scale map of Milan realized by the 'Astronomidi Brera' (Astronomers of Brera): toward an advanced portal. E-PERIMETRON, 4(2), 86-100.Nativi, S., Craglia, M., & Pearlman, J. (2013). Earth science infrastructures interoperability: the brokering approach. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics. Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 6(3), 1118-1129. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2013.2243113Pierdicca, R., Malinverni, E., Frontoni, E., Colosi, F., & Orazi, R. (2016). 3D visualization tools to explore ancient architectures in South America. Virtual Archaeology Review, 7(15), 44-53.https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2016.5904Pini, L. (2003). Tremezzo il paese dove fioriscono I limoni. Tremezzo: Silvana Editoriale.Previtali, M. (2017). Geopan atl@s: A brokering based gateway to georeferenced historical maps for risk analysis. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XLII-2/W5, 583-589.https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W5-583-2017Redweik, P., Cláudio, A., Carmo, M., Naranjo, J., & Sanjosé, J. (2017). Digital preservation of cultural and scientific heritage: involving university students to raise awareness of its importance. Virtual Archaeology Review, 8(16), 22-34. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2017.4629Scazzosi, L. (2003). Landscape and Cultural Landscape: European Landscape Convention and UNESCO Policy .World Heritage papers, 7, 55-59.Scazzosi, L., (2004).Reading and assessing the landscape as cultural and historical heritage. Landscape Research, 29(4), 335-355.https://doi.org/10.1080/0142639042000288993ViMM. (2018).Virtual Multimodal Museum. Retrieved April 1, 2018, from https://www.vi-mm.euV-MUST. (2015). D. 2.3c State of the art on Virtual Museums in Europe and outside Europe: Report. Commissioned by the V-MUST project. Retrieved October25, 2017, from http://www.v-must.net/sites/default/files/D2.3d_StateArt_VirtualMuseums_2015.pdfWong, A. (2015). The whole story, and then some: 'digital storytelling' in evolving museum practice. In MW2015: Museums and the Web 2015, Chicago, United States. Retrieved October25, 2017, from http://mw2015.museumsandtheweb.com/paper/the-whole-story-and-then-some-digital-storytelling-in-evolving-museum-practice

Exploring how to use virtual tours to create an interactive customer remote experience

This paper investigates the use of Virtual Reality (VR) to develop virtual tour applications for marketing purposes. The aim is to explore how virtual technologies can support the creation of knowledge about a specific food product and the achievement of user engagement by a multi-sensory virtual tour of the real production site. The study provides design guidelines to create a valuable, multisensory experience by VR tours and demonstrate how the adoption of a user-driven approach, instead of a technology-driven approach, allows to achieve a positive intention to buy. The case study was represented by one of the excellences among Italian food products, the Parmigiano Reggiano (PR) cheese. The PR virtual tour was validated by a user testing campaign, involving more than 70 users: users' reactions and feedback were collected by human physiological data monitoring and questionnaires' administration. The research results demonstrated how virtual technologies could effectively help people to create a solid knowledge about a food product to support the marketing process and to form an intention to buy thanks to a better understanding of the quality of the local and traditional productions

A framework study on the use of immersive XR technologies in the cultural heritage domain

Most cultural promotion and dissemination are nowadays performed through the digitization of heritage sites and museums, a necessary requirement to meet the new needs of the public. Augmented Reality (AR), Mixed Reality (MR), and Virtual Reality (VR) have the potential to improve the experience quality and educational effect of these sites by stimulating users’ senses in a more natural and vivid way. In this respect, head-mounted display (HMD) devices allow visitors to enhance the experience of cultural sites by digitizing information and integrating additional virtual cues about cultural artifacts, resulting in a more immersive experience that engages the visitor both physically and emotionally. This study contributes to the development and incorporation of AR, MR, and VR applications in the cultural heritage domain by providing an overview of relevant studies utilizing fully immersive systems, such as headsets and CAVE systems, emphasizing the advantages that they bring when compared to handheld devices. We propose a framework study to identify the key features of headset-based Extended Reality (XR) technologies used in the cultural heritage domain that boost immersion, sense of presence, and agency. Furthermore, we highlight core characteristics that favor the adoption of these systems over more traditional solutions (e.g., handheld devices), as well as unsolved issues that must be addressed to improve the guests’ experience and the appreciation of the cultural heritage. An extensive search of Google Scholar, Scopus, IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, and Wiley Online Library databases was conducted, including papers published from January 2018 to September 2022. To improve review reporting, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used. Sixty-five papers met the inclusion criteria and were classified depending on the study’s purpose: education, entertainment, edutainment, touristic guidance systems, accessibility, visitor profiling, and management. Immersive cultural heritage systems allow visitors to feel completely immersed and present in the virtual environment, providing a stimulating and educational cultural experience that can improve the quality and learning purposes of cultural visits. Nonetheless, the analyzed studies revealed some limitations that must be faced to give a further impulse to the adoption of these technologies in the cultural heritage domain