LungTrack: towards contactless and zero dead-zone respiration monitoring with commodity RFIDs

International audienceRespiration rate sensing plays a critical role in elderly care and patient monitoring. The latest research has explored the possibility of employing Wi-Fi signals for respiration sensing without attaching a device to the target. A critical issue with these solutions includes that good monitoring performance could only be achieved at certain locations within the sensing range, while the performance could be quite poor at other "dead zones." In addition, due to the contactless nature, it is challenging to monitor multiple targets simultaneously as the reflected signals are often mixed together. In this work, we present our system, named LungTrack, hosted on commodity RFID devices for respiration monitoring. Our system retrieves subtle signal fluctuations at the receiver caused by chest displacement during respiration without need for attaching any devices to the target. It addresses the dead-zone issue and enables simultaneous monitoring of two human targets by employing one RFID reader and carefully positioned multiple RFID tags, using an optimization technique. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that LungTrack can achieve a respiration monitoring accuracy of greater than 98% for a single target at all sensing locations (within 1 st − 5 th Fresnel zones) using just one RFID reader and five tags, when the target's orientation is known a priori. For the challenging scenario involve two human targets, LungTrack is able to achieve greater than 93% accuracy when the targets are separated by at least 10 cm

Design of a Passive RFID System for Asset Tracking

This project focuses on the feasibility of utilizing the lower cost passive RFID technology to track electronic test equipment for Raytheon Company. Although developed for a specific storeroom at Raytheon Company’s Network Centric Division’s (NCD) laboratory in Goleta, California, the project concepts and design are applicable to many portal-based asset tracking systems. The first part of the project consisted of experimentally evaluating the reliability of passive versus active technologies and selecting the best commercially available hardware offering when applied to asset tracking. The second part of the project consisted of developing a complete asset tracking system. The primary goals of the project were to reduce efforts spent on paper-based processes and gain a better view of asset movement for a significantly lower cost than another division’s current active RFID system

Survey and Systematization of Secure Device Pairing

Secure Device Pairing (SDP) schemes have been developed to facilitate secure communications among smart devices, both personal mobile devices and Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Comparison and assessment of SDP schemes is troublesome, because each scheme makes different assumptions about out-of-band channels and adversary models, and are driven by their particular use-cases. A conceptual model that facilitates meaningful comparison among SDP schemes is missing. We provide such a model. In this article, we survey and analyze a wide range of SDP schemes that are described in the literature, including a number that have been adopted as standards. A system model and consistent terminology for SDP schemes are built on the foundation of this survey, which are then used to classify existing SDP schemes into a taxonomy that, for the first time, enables their meaningful comparison and analysis.The existing SDP schemes are analyzed using this model, revealing common systemic security weaknesses among the surveyed SDP schemes that should become priority areas for future SDP research, such as improving the integration of privacy requirements into the design of SDP schemes. Our results allow SDP scheme designers to create schemes that are more easily comparable with one another, and to assist the prevention of persisting the weaknesses common to the current generation of SDP schemes.Comment: 34 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, accepted at IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials 2017 (Volume: PP, Issue: 99

Internet of Things-aided Smart Grid: Technologies, Architectures, Applications, Prototypes, and Future Research Directions

Traditional power grids are being transformed into Smart Grids (SGs) to address the issues in existing power system due to uni-directional information flow, energy wastage, growing energy demand, reliability and security. SGs offer bi-directional energy flow between service providers and consumers, involving power generation, transmission, distribution and utilization systems. SGs employ various devices for the monitoring, analysis and control of the grid, deployed at power plants, distribution centers and in consumers' premises in a very large number. Hence, an SG requires connectivity, automation and the tracking of such devices. This is achieved with the help of Internet of Things (IoT). IoT helps SG systems to support various network functions throughout the generation, transmission, distribution and consumption of energy by incorporating IoT devices (such as sensors, actuators and smart meters), as well as by providing the connectivity, automation and tracking for such devices. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey on IoT-aided SG systems, which includes the existing architectures, applications and prototypes of IoT-aided SG systems. This survey also highlights the open issues, challenges and future research directions for IoT-aided SG systems

A Prospective Look: Key Enabling Technologies, Applications and Open Research Topics in 6G Networks

The fifth generation (5G) mobile networks are envisaged to enable a plethora of breakthrough advancements in wireless technologies, providing support of a diverse set of services over a single platform. While the deployment of 5G systems is scaling up globally, it is time to look ahead for beyond 5G systems. This is driven by the emerging societal trends, calling for fully automated systems and intelligent services supported by extended reality and haptics communications. To accommodate the stringent requirements of their prospective applications, which are data-driven and defined by extremely low-latency, ultra-reliable, fast and seamless wireless connectivity, research initiatives are currently focusing on a progressive roadmap towards the sixth generation (6G) networks. In this article, we shed light on some of the major enabling technologies for 6G, which are expected to revolutionize the fundamental architectures of cellular networks and provide multiple homogeneous artificial intelligence-empowered services, including distributed communications, control, computing, sensing, and energy, from its core to its end nodes. Particularly, this paper aims to answer several 6G framework related questions: What are the driving forces for the development of 6G? How will the enabling technologies of 6G differ from those in 5G? What kind of applications and interactions will they support which would not be supported by 5G? We address these questions by presenting a profound study of the 6G vision and outlining five of its disruptive technologies, i.e., terahertz communications, programmable metasurfaces, drone-based communications, backscatter communications and tactile internet, as well as their potential applications. Then, by leveraging the state-of-the-art literature surveyed for each technology, we discuss their requirements, key challenges, and open research problems

Indoor location based services challenges, requirements and usability of current solutions

Indoor Location Based Services (LBS), such as indoor navigation and tracking, still have to deal with both technical and non-technical challenges. For this reason, they have not yet found a prominent position in people’s everyday lives. Reliability and availability of indoor positioning technologies, the availability of up-to-date indoor maps, and privacy concerns associated with location data are some of the biggest challenges to their development. If these challenges were solved, or at least minimized, there would be more penetration into the user market. This paper studies the requirements of LBS applications, through a survey conducted by the authors, identifies the current challenges of indoor LBS, and reviews the available solutions that address the most important challenge, that of providing seamless indoor/outdoor positioning. The paper also looks at the potential of emerging solutions and the technologies that may help to handle this challenge

Building Information Modelling : Indoor Localization

This thesis presents an integrated system where BIM software is used together with IoT devices to visualize data generated in real-time. Two different IoT devices are modelled as case study that collect environmental and localization data. These devices were installed inside a Test room of an area approx. 22 m2 in UiT Narvik premises . The collected data were, filtered & transferred to database server which were then retrieved and visualized by BIM software in real time. The report presents tools and technologies that are implemented to develop such system and provides details on basic blocks required for such integrations. The combined platform visualize information about the things as it happens in real-time. This makes such systems capable for digitalization of physical process and have various application domains. In the report it is applied as monitoring platform for temperature and illumination data and can be used for facility management applications. Similarly, indoor localization is monitored making it applicable for localization and safety management purpose. The performance of the system is also discussed based on test, observations, and calculation