673 research outputs found
Random projections for linear programming
Random projections are random linear maps, sampled from appropriate
distributions, that approx- imately preserve certain geometrical invariants so
that the approximation improves as the dimension of the space grows. The
well-known Johnson-Lindenstrauss lemma states that there are random ma- trices
with surprisingly few rows that approximately preserve pairwise Euclidean
distances among a set of points. This is commonly used to speed up algorithms
based on Euclidean distances. We prove that these matrices also preserve other
quantities, such as the distance to a cone. We exploit this result to devise a
probabilistic algorithm to solve linear programs approximately. We show that
this algorithm can approximately solve very large randomly generated LP
instances. We also showcase its application to an error correction coding
problem.Comment: 26 pages, 1 figur
Optimality of the Johnson-Lindenstrauss Lemma
For any integers and , we show the existence of a set of vectors such that any embedding satisfying
must have This lower bound matches the upper bound given by the Johnson-Lindenstrauss
lemma [JL84]. Furthermore, our lower bound holds for nearly the full range of
of interest, since there is always an isometric embedding into
dimension (either the identity map, or projection onto
).
Previously such a lower bound was only known to hold against linear maps ,
and not for such a wide range of parameters [LN16]. The
best previously known lower bound for general was [Wel74, Lev83, Alo03], which
is suboptimal for any .Comment: v2: simplified proof, also added reference to Lev8
Impossibility of dimension reduction in the nuclear norm
Let (the Schatten--von Neumann trace class) denote the Banach
space of all compact linear operators whose nuclear norm
is finite, where
are the singular values of . We prove that
for arbitrarily large there exists a subset
with that cannot be
embedded with bi-Lipschitz distortion into any -dimensional
linear subspace of . is not even a -Lipschitz
quotient of any subset of any -dimensional linear subspace of
. Thus, does not admit a dimension reduction
result \'a la Johnson and Lindenstrauss (1984), which complements the work of
Harrow, Montanaro and Short (2011) on the limitations of quantum dimension
reduction under the assumption that the embedding into low dimensions is a
quantum channel. Such a statement was previously known with
replaced by the Banach space of absolutely summable sequences via the
work of Brinkman and Charikar (2003). In fact, the above set can
be taken to be the same set as the one that Brinkman and Charikar considered,
viewed as a collection of diagonal matrices in . The challenge is
to demonstrate that cannot be faithfully realized in an arbitrary
low-dimensional subspace of , while Brinkman and Charikar
obtained such an assertion only for subspaces of that consist of
diagonal operators (i.e., subspaces of ). We establish this by proving
that the Markov 2-convexity constant of any finite dimensional linear subspace
of is at most a universal constant multiple of
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