Architectures et mécanismes de fédération dans les environnements cloud computing et cloud networking

Presented in the literature as a new technology, Cloud Computing has become essential in the development and delivery of IT services. Given the innovative potential of Cloud, our thesis was conducted in the context of this promising technology. It was clear that the Cloud would change the way we develop, manage and use information systems. However, the adoption and popularization of Cloud were slow and difficult given the youth of the concepts and heterogeneity of the existing solutions. This difficulty in adoption is reflected by the lack of standard, the presence of heterogeneous architectures and APIs, the introduction of Vendor Lock-In imposed by the market leaders and the lack of cloud federation principles and facilitators. The main motivation for our PhD is to simplify the adoption of the cloud paradigm and the migration to cloud environments and technologies. Our goal has consequently been to improve interoperability and enable federation in the cloud. The thesis focused on two main areas. The first concerns the convergence of future networks and clouds and the second the improvement of federation and interoperability between heterogeneous cloud solutions and services. Based on our work in state of the art about Cloud Computing and Cloud Networking, we defined in this thesis two architectures for Cloud federation. The first architecture enables the merging (convergence) of Cloud Computing and Cloud Networking. The second architecture addresses interoperability between services and proposes cloud-brokering solutions. The study enabled the identification of two essential components for cloud federation, namely: a generic interface and a message exchange system. These two components have been two contributions of our thesis. The proposed federation architectures and these two components summarize the four major contributions of our workPrésenté dans la littérature comme une nouvelle technologie, le Cloud Computing est devenu incontournable dans la mise en place et la fourniture des services informatiques. Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le contexte de cette nouvelle technologie qui est en mesure de transformer la mise en place, la gestion et l’utilisation des systèmes d’information. L'adoption et la vulgarisation du Cloud ont été ralenties par la jeunesse même des concepts et l'hétérogénéité des solutions existantes. Cette difficulté d'adoption se manifeste par l'absence de standard, l'hétérogénéité des architectures et des API, le Vendor Lock-In imposé par les leaders du marché et des manques qui ralentissent la fédération. La motivation principale de la thèse est de simplifier l'adoption du cloud et la migration vers ses environnements et technologies. Notre objectif est de proposer des solutions d'interopérabilité et de fédération dans le Cloud. Le travail de recherche s’est aussi articulé autour de deux grands axes. Le premier concerne le rapprochement des réseaux du futur et des Clouds. Le deuxième axe concerne l'interopérabilité et la fédération entre solutions et services cloud. Une analyse de l’état de l’art sur le Cloud Computing et le Cloud Networking, a permis de confirmer des manques pressentis et de proposer deux architectures de fédération Cloud. La première architecture permet le rapprochement entre le Cloud Computing et le Cloud Networking. La seconde architecture facilite l'interopérabilité et le courtage de services Cloud. L'étude des deux architectures a fait ressortir deux composants primordiaux et essentiels pour assurer la fédération: une interface générique et un système d'échange de messages. Ces deux composants correspondent à deux contributions centrales de la thèse et reflètent l’ensemble des contributions (quatre au total) du travail de recherch

Desenvolvimento de mecanismos de engenharia de tráfego em data centers através de SDN

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia de Telecomunicações e InformáticaO crescente uso de aplicações que geram altos volumes de tráfego motivou o desenvolvimento de novas abordagens de Engenharia de Tráfego que pudessem melhorar o desempenho e eficiência das infraestruturas de comunicação, e.g. redes dos ISPs (Internet Service Providers), Data Centers, etc. Neste contexto, a área denominada por Software Defined Networking (SDN) poderá ser útil para a definição de alguns mecanismos inovadores nestes cenários. Este paradigma, que tem sido recentemente explorado, oferece novas tecnologias e protocolos proporcionando novas oportunidades para uma gestão mais expedita e eficiente das infraestruturas de rede. Este trabalho propõe-se contribuir para o desenvolvimento de mecanismos de Engenharia de Tráfego na área das SDN. Os mecanismos a estudar estarão orientados para tarefas de balanceamento de carga em redes de Data Centers e implementados com a ferramenta de emulação Mininet. Para tal, será feito inicialmente um estudo das diversas arquiteturas de redes de Data Centers, dos conceitos que englobam o paradigma SDN e uma análise das estratégias de balanceamento de carga já existentes. De seguida será desenvolvida uma bancada de testes e implementados alguns mecanismos de balanceamento de carga. Posteriormente, serão efetuados testes de desempenho aos mecanismos desenvolvidosThe increasing use of applications that generate high traffic volumes prompted the development of new approaches to Traffic Engineering field that could improve the performance and efficiency of communication infrastructures, e.g. ISPs (Internet Service Providers) networks, Data Centers, etc. In this context, arises the area of Software Defined Networking (SDN) that may be helpful to define some innovative mechanisms in such scenarios. This paradigm, which has recently been explored, offers new technologies and protocols providing new opportunities for a more expeditious and efficient traffic management strategies in network infrastructures. This work aims to contribute to the development of Traffic Engineering mechanisms in the area of SDN. The mechanisms to develop will be oriented to load balancing tasks in Data Centers networks and implemented with the Mininet emulation tool. It will be made initially a study of the various Data Center networks architectures, concepts that encompass the SDN paradigm and an analysis of existing load balancing strategies. Then it will developed a test bench and implemented some load balancing mechanisms. Subsequently, performance tests will be made to the developed mechanisms

Software-Defined Networking: A Comprehensive Survey

peer reviewedThe Internet has led to the creation of a digital society, where (almost) everything is connected and is accessible from anywhere. However, despite their widespread adoption, traditional IP networks are complex and very hard to manage. It is both difficult to configure the network according to predefined policies, and to reconfigure it to respond to faults, load, and changes. To make matters even more difficult, current networks are also vertically integrated: the control and data planes are bundled together. Software-defined networking (SDN) is an emerging paradigm that promises to change this state of affairs, by breaking vertical integration, separating the network's control logic from the underlying routers and switches, promoting (logical) centralization of network control, and introducing the ability to program the network. The separation of concerns, introduced between the definition of network policies, their implementation in switching hardware, and the forwarding of traffic, is key to the desired flexibility: by breaking the network control problem into tractable pieces, SDN makes it easier to create and introduce new abstractions in networking, simplifying network management and facilitating network evolution. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey on SDN. We start by introducing the motivation for SDN, explain its main concepts and how it differs from traditional networking, its roots, and the standardization activities regarding this novel paradigm. Next, we present the key building blocks of an SDN infrastructure using a bottom-up, layered approach. We provide an in-depth analysis of the hardware infrastructure, southbound and northbound application programming interfaces (APIs), network virtualization layers, network operating systems (SDN controllers), network programming languages, and network applications. We also look at cross-layer problems such as debugging and troubleshooting. In an effort to anticipate the future evolution of this - ew paradigm, we discuss the main ongoing research efforts and challenges of SDN. In particular, we address the design of switches and control platforms—with a focus on aspects such as resiliency, scalability, performance, security, and dependability—as well as new opportunities for carrier transport networks and cloud providers. Last but not least, we analyze the position of SDN as a key enabler of a software-defined environment

Engineering Self-Adaptive Applications on Software Defined Infrastructure

Cloud computing is a flexible platform that offers faster innovation, elastic resources, and economies of scale. However, it is challenging to ensure non-functional properties such as performance, cost and security of applications hosted in cloud. Applications should be adaptive to the fluctuating workload to meet the desired performance goals, in one hand, and on the other, operate in an economic manner to reduce the operational cost. Moreover, cloud applications are attractive target of security threats such as distributed denial of service attacks that target the availability of applications and increase the cost. Given such circumstances, it is vital to engineer applications that are able to self-adapt to such volatile conditions. In this thesis, we investigate techniques and mechanisms to engineer model-based application autonomic management systems that strive to meet performance, cost and security objectives of software systems running in cloud. In addition to using the elasticity feature of cloud, our proposed autonomic management systems employ run-time network adaptations using the emerging software defined networking and network function virtualization. We propose a novel approach to self-protecting applications where the application traffic is dynamically managed between public and private cloud depending on the condition of the traffic. Our management approach is able to adapt the bandwidth rates of application traffic to meet performance and cost objectives. Through run-time performance models as well as optimization, the management system maximizes the profit each time the application requires to adapt. Our autonomous management solutions are implemented and evaluated analytically as well as on multiple public and community clouds to demonstrate their applicability and effectiveness in real world environment

Using libNetVirt to control the virtual network

LibNetVirt proposes an architecture for a network virtualization abstraction using the single node representation model. LibNetVirt is deployed as a library, similar to libvirt in computer virtualization, with a unified interface towards the underlying network specific drivers. The architecture allows management tools to be independent of the underlying technologies. In addition, it enables programmatic and on-demand creation of virtual networks. We have evaluated libNetVirt in an OpenFlow-enabled network in three different tests: the setup time of a flow, the behavior of the system under a Denial of Service attack and the packet losses in high rate UDP flows.QC 20121221</p