Phonological analysis of consonance : A case study of a 19th-century poet’s works

音声言語の研究 (17

DEVELOPING PHONOLOGICAL AWARENESS AND PRONUNCIATION OF THE FIFTH GRADERS BY USING RHYMING

Abstract: The objectives of this study were to find out whether or not there was a significant difference in phonological awareness and pronunciation of the fifth graders who were taught by using rhyming poems compared to that of those who were not and to analyze the difficulties encountered by the students in developing their phonological awareness and pronunciation. This was nonequivalent-groups pretest-posttest design. Forty out of 262 fifth graders of SDN 117 Palembang were purposively taken as the samples. The data were analyzed using t-test and questionnaire. The findings showed that there was a significant difference in phonological awareness and pronunciation of the fifth graders who were taught by using rhyming poems compared to that of those who were not. Furthermore, the result of the questionnaire revealed that the students had difficulties in developing their phonological awareness and pronunciation by using rhyming poems. Quick explanation by the writer, too much information and the difficulty of the concepts of phonological awareness were the sources of students’ difficulty.  The findings of this study also found that the students were not accustomed to pronouncing words in English. The pronunciation of English sounds was confusing for them which might be caused by the fact that there are English sounds that do not exist in Bahasa Indonesia.Keywords: phonological awareness, pronunciation, rhyming poems, fifth grader

Rhyme, Rhythm, and Rhubarb: Using Probabilistic Methods to Analyze Hip Hop, Poetry, and Misheard Lyrics

While text Information Retrieval applications often focus on extracting semantic features to identify the topic of a document, and Music Information Research tends to deal with melodic, timbral or meta-tagged data of songs, useful information can be gained from surface-level features of musical texts as well. This is especially true for texts such as song lyrics and poetry, in which the sound and structure of the words is important. These types of lyrical verse usually contain regular and repetitive patterns, like the rhymes in rap lyrics or the meter in metrical poetry. The existence of such patterns is not always categorical, as there may be a degree to which they appear or apply in any sample of text. For example, rhymes in hip hop are often imperfect and vary in the degree to which their constituent parts differ. Although a definitive decision as to the existence of any such feature cannot always be made, large corpora of known examples can be used to train probabilistic models enumerating the likelihood of their appearance. In this thesis, we apply likelihood-based methods to identify and characterize patterns in lyrical verse. We use a probabilistic model of mishearing in music to resolve misheard lyric search queries. We then apply a probabilistic model of rhyme to detect imperfect and internal rhymes in rap lyrics and quantitatively characterize rappers' styles in their use. Finally, we compute likelihoods of prosodic stress in words to perform automated scansion of poetry and compare poets' usage of and adherence to meter. In these applications, we find that likelihood-based methods outperform simpler, rule-based models at finding and quantifying lyrical features in text

Sampling and Features: A Commentary on Condit-Schultz (2016)

In this commentary, I highlight some of the novel contributions of Nathaniel Condit-Schultz's "MCFlow: A Digital Corpus of Rap Transcriptions" and discuss issues of rhyme definition, sampling and corpus construction, feature representation, and historical narratives

A Comparison of Word Attack Skills Presented in S.R.A. Reading Laboratory with Word Attack Skills Presented in Two Basal Reading Programs, Ginn and Scott, Foresman

This study was conducted in an effort to compare the word attack skills presented in S.R.A. Reading Laboratory I and S.R.A. Reading Laboratory Ib with word attack skills presented in two second grade basal reading programs, Ginn, grade 2, and Scott, Foresman. The purpose of the study was to determine whether S.R.A. Reading laboratories I and Ib would be of value as a supplement to either or both basal reading programs

Historical Linguistic Analysis of Traditional English Christmas Carols.

Through the process of historical linguistics it is possible to determine approximate dates of authorship and meaning that establish the conventions of a particular genre. To accomplish such a study, elements of phonology, morphology, and syntax are compared and the results create a field of descriptors representative of a style of writing of a period. By using the method on eight well-known Christmas carols, four were determined to have been written prior to the dates previously speculated, possibly originating in the Middle Ages. The remaining four were written based on the conventions set by the earlier medieval carols