5,083 research outputs found

    Motherhood to Motherhoods: Ideologies of the “Feminine”

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    Examining the Bilingual Mental Lexicon through Associative Priming

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    Research examining the associations between words in the monolingual versus bilingual mind has employed various models to examine differences in lexical organization, with varying degrees of success. The paradigms used have primarily been word association and semantic priming with a Lexical Decision Task (LDT). This thesis research has focused on the latter method, with an online data collection method using Testable. One distinction of this thesis research has been the types of semantic associations used for priming, namely syntagmatic and paradigmatic associations, which refer to either word context in a sentence, or word categories respectively. The control condition used from which facilitation effects were calculated was unrelated primes. In addition, a phonetic (or “clang”) priming condition was included as it was felt that it might tap into an important aspect of lexical organization for those who have English as a second language (L2). Recruitment was for native English-speaking monolinguals, native English-speaking bilinguals (who also speak a variety of other languages), and non-native English-speaking bilinguals (also from a range of language backgrounds) to participate. Results indicated that the paradigm was successful in gathering information about lexical associations in all three language groups. There was significant semantic facilitation across all language groups for both syntagmatic and paradigmatic associative primes, with these effects not differing from each other. Interestingly, only the L2 group showed significant facilitation from clang primes. Overall, the absolute priming effect was smaller than anticipated, despite reaching statistical reliability, suggesting possibilities to refine the display times of primes or targets. Other hypotheses concerned potential effects of participants’ context for L2 language learning and also attempts to address the main research question with the use of a classic word association task; however, both fell victim to the vagaries of online data collection. Nevertheless, the method and the software provide some hope for continued research in some aspects of the monolingual versus bilingual mental lexicon.

    Possessing Amazonia: Global Disputes over the Amazon Basins and the Guiana Highlands (c.1840-c.1900)

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    Grounded on an integrated and global history of Amazonia, this research concerns the intersection between boundary making, the rise of nation-states and modern globalization. Taking South America Amazonia and the Guianas as field of study, our central enquiry is approached from a diachronic historical perspective, which serves our aim of writing a history of mutual recognition, relationships, and influences in remote frontier territories. The central problem to be interrogated, lies in the relation between process of connectedness, the emergence of new codes, symbols, and also ideas related to national states. Then, our aim is to identify the dimension and nature of the late territorial expansion of European empires in South America, the way official and alternative projects in border negotiations emerged in the late nineteenth century. Furthermore, we aim to see how economic and political schemes of colonization failed to establish new colonization schemes, this is, breaking the remoteness. This process connects with the struggle of imperial/national states to deal with distance, remote areas and, more importantly, with the people who lived and produced territory in these ‘isolated’ borderlands. Border arbitrations mapped these areas in search of historical sovereignty, yet found them replete with indigenous territorialities and alternative projects. This ‘clash of territorialities’ is the subject of this research. In this perspective, we reject conservative approaches towards territoriality, and constructivists’ interpretations that take the nation-state and nationalism as result of elites making goal. We conclude that Amazonia as an ‘opened frontier’ was the center of several clashes of territoriality, not only between European powers and new national states, but also between indigenous/black communities living via moving towards the remoteness as a region of refuge.The nation-state was only an option regarding the state building contingency; and boundary making was the creative element that gave ground for national narratives and cartographic anxieties of the fin de siècle. The history of the remote as an approach proposes, then, to overcome the difficulties of studying processes of connection, encounters, and globalization in an integrated perspective.Baseada numa história integrada e global da Amazónia, esta investigação incide sobre a intersecção entre a definição de fronteiras, a ascensão dos Estados-nação e a globalização moderna. Tomando como laboratório a Amazónia e as Guianas da América do Sul, o nosso inquérito central é abordado a partir de uma perspetiva histórica diacrónica, que serve o nosso objetivo de escrever uma história de reconhecimentos e influências mútuas, assim como relações e conexões em territórios fronteiriços remotos. O problema central a ser interrogado reside na relação entre o processo de estabelecer interdependência/conexões, a emergência de novos códigos, símbolos, e ideias relacionadas com os estados nacionais. O nosso objetivo central é identificar a dimensão e a natureza da expansão territorial tardia dos impérios europeus na América do Sul, a forma como os projetos oficiais e alternativos nas regiões fronteiriças emergiram em finais do século XIX, e como os novos esquemas económicos e políticos de colonização não conseguiram se estabelecer, isto é, romper o remoto. Esse processo está ligado à luta dos Estados imperiais/nacionais para lidar com a distância, áreas remotas e, mais importante ainda, com os povos que viveram e produziram território nestas terras fronteiriças ‘isoladas’. As arbitragens fronteiriças mapearam estas áreas em busca da soberania histórica, mas encontraram-nas repletas de territorialidades indígenas e projetos alternativos. Este ‘choque de territorialidades’ é o tema desta investigação. Nesta perspetiva, rejeitamos abordagens conservadoras sobre territorialidades e interpretações construtivistas que tomam o Estado-nação e o nacionalismo como resultado de projetos elitistas horizontais. Concluímos que a Amazónia como ‘fronteira aberta’ foi o centro de vários choques de territorialidade, não só entre potências europeias e novos Estados nacionais, mas também entre comunidades pretas/indígenas que se moveram/viveram no remoto como uma região de refúgio; o Estado-nação era apenas uma opção na contingência da construção do Estado; as fronteiras foram os elementos criativos que deram terreno às narrativas nacionais e às ansiedades cartográficas do fin de siècle. A história do remoto como abordagem propõe, então, ultrapassar as dificuldades de estudar processos de conexão, encontros, e globalização numa perspectiva integrada

    Fictocritical Cyberfeminism: A Paralogical Model for Post-Internet Communication

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    This dissertation positions the understudied and experimental writing practice of fictocriticism as an analog for the convergent and indeterminate nature of “post-Internet” communication as well a cyberfeminist technology for interfering and in-tervening in metanarratives of technoscience and technocapitalism that structure contemporary media. Significant theoretical valences are established between twen-tieth century literary works of fictocriticism and the hybrid and ephemeral modes of writing endemic to emergent, twenty-first century forms of networked communica-tion such as social media. Through a critical theoretical understanding of paralogy, or that countercultural logic of deploying language outside legitimate discourses, in-volving various tactics of multivocity, mimesis and metagraphy, fictocriticism is ex-plored as a self-referencing linguistic machine which exists intentionally to occupy those liminal territories “somewhere in among/between criticism, autobiography and fiction” (Hunter qtd. in Kerr 1996). Additionally, as a writing practice that orig-inated in Canada and yet remains marginal to national and international literary scholarship, this dissertation elevates the origins and ongoing relevance of fictocriti-cism by mapping its shared aims and concerns onto proximal discourses of post-structuralism, cyberfeminism, network ecology, media art, the avant-garde, glitch feminism, and radical self-authorship in online environments. Theorized in such a matrix, I argue that fictocriticism represents a capacious framework for writing and reading media that embodies the self-reflexive politics of second-order cybernetic theory while disrupting the rhetoric of technoscientific and neoliberal economic forc-es with speech acts of calculated incoherence. Additionally, through the inclusion of my own fictocritical writing as works of research-creation that interpolate the more traditional chapters and subchapters, I theorize and demonstrate praxis of this dis-tinctively indeterminate form of criticism to empirically and meaningfully juxtapose different modes of knowing and speaking about entangled matters of language, bod-ies, and technologies. In its conclusion, this dissertation contends that the “creative paranoia” engendered by fictocritical cyberfeminism in both print and digital media environments offers a pathway towards a more paralogical media literacy that can transform the terms and expectations of our future media ecology

    The Individual And Their World

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    NEMISA Digital Skills Conference (Colloquium) 2023

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    The purpose of the colloquium and events centred around the central role that data plays today as a desirable commodity that must become an important part of massifying digital skilling efforts. Governments amass even more critical data that, if leveraged, could change the way public services are delivered, and even change the social and economic fortunes of any country. Therefore, smart governments and organisations increasingly require data skills to gain insights and foresight, to secure themselves, and for improved decision making and efficiency. However, data skills are scarce, and even more challenging is the inconsistency of the associated training programs with most curated for the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) disciplines. Nonetheless, the interdisciplinary yet agnostic nature of data means that there is opportunity to expand data skills into the non-STEM disciplines as well.College of Engineering, Science and Technolog

    Музикологија / Musicology (34 I/2023)

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    Обележавање пола века од када је преминуо Игор Стравински (1882–1971) протекло је у сенци пандемије ковида, па се научно разматрање подстакнуто том годишњицом продужило. Тако се њему придружује и Главна тема у новом броју Музикологије (34), с низом студија посвећених Стравинском, које потичу из излагања на Студијском дану организованом 2021. године на Одсеку за музичке студије Националног и Каподистријасовог универзитета у Атини. Заступљене теме покривају широк спектар проблематике у вези са свим трима фазама стваралаштва Стравинског (руска, неокласична и серијална), укључујући при томе и питања естетике, као и утицаја и рецепције његовог дела. Стаматис Зохиос изнова отвара питање везе Стравинског с руским фолклором, контекстуализујући дела овог композитора из такозваног „руског” периода с референцама на историјат руске фолклористике. Зохиос закључује да је Стравински пратио пут својих претходника из 19. века (Глинка и Петорица) у употреби фолклорних извора за своје композиције, али, за разлику од њих, није користио студије настајале у његовом времену; стога, није се упустио у екстензивну и дубинску претрагу постојећих извора о руском фолклору, већ се уместо тога ослањао на проверене изворе и студије из 19. века. Чланак Ивана Мудија осветљава део стваралаштва Стравинског с фокусом на његова духовна дела из перспективе његовог познавања филозофије Жака Маритена, а у контексту филозофских потреса у међуратној Француској. Муди обраћа посебну пажњу на то како Стравински интерпретира Маритенову идеју homo faber-a, „човека-творца”. Истовремено, он не занемарује композиторово руско порекло, закључујући да су дела која су овде сагледавана једнако утемељена у руском пореклу Стравинског као и у његовим искуствима на Западу. Катерина Левиду даје нови поглед на Поетику музике, а нарочито на питање доприноса Пјера Сувчинског овом подухвату. Њено истраживање креће се изван очекиваних места за посматрање, односно изван петог поглавља (које је написао Сувчински) и добро познате референце ка идејама Сувчинског о музици и времену. На тај начин ће Поетика интригантно постати најмање очекивана платформа за презентацију и дисеминацију позиција повезаних с одређеним нитима „евроазијства”, руског емигрантског интелектуалног и политичког покрета, с којим је Сувчински био близак. Кристоф Флам фокусирао се на касно стваралаштво Стравинског и разматрао га из перспективе експресивности. Конкретно, овај аутор је истакао експресивне, семантичке и самореференцијалне димензије у касним делима, које се у њима појављују с нарочитом јасноћом и делимично противрече уобичајеним оценама ове музике као апстрактне и конструктивистичке, а такође изазивају и композиторове личне изјаве. С чланком Едварда Кембела остајемо у послератном добу, али се фокус помера с дела Стравинског по себи на утицај његовог рада на франкофону послератну авангарду, односно на Пјера Булеза, Жана Барака, Анрија Пусера и Мишела Филипоа. Кембелова анализа извлачи на површину утицај који је Стравински имао на ове композиторе на нивоима ритмичке иновације, употребе звучности, хармонија, инструменталне боје, музичке форме, као и поларитета висине тона. Последња два чланка прилазе раду Стравинског из перспективе естетике, с референцама ка филозофији његовог савременика, Хелмута Плеснера. Јаковос Штајнхауер расправља о значењу телесности и плеса у стваралаштву Стравинског, одлазећи изван историјски документованог интересовања овог композитора за балетску музику. Балетска музика Стравинског, како Штајнхауер показује, постиже стање „посредоване непосредности”, одржавајући тако дистанцу у односу на субјективни израз, без којег, пак, постаје апстрактна. Коначно, Маркос Цецос нуди нову критику Адорнове критике Стравинског, реферирајући на Плеснерову филозофску антропологију. Он, стога, изазива Адорнове погледе који Стравинског сврставају у нехумане и примитивне, показујући уместо тога да његова музика достиже, у историјски адекватним модерним терминима, конститутивну рефлексивност људског отелотвореног стања. Рубрика Varia овом је приликом нешто сажетија – доноси три студије, али су њима маркирана различита поља музиколошких истраживања. Бојана Радовановић студиозно се бавила проучавањем експресивних средстава у делима за глас српског композитора Југа Марковића, али и питањима из домена односа композитора и вокалног извођача. Циљ овог подухвата био је да путем анализе одабраних композиција допринесе осветљавању Марковићевог еклектичног стила, као и да се он позиционира у међународне кругове стваралаца који се гласом баве на нетрадиционалне начине. Истраживање Марије Динов представљено овом приликом односи се на кинестетичке гестове, односно телесне покрете извођача током перформанса, а укључујући сопствена пијанистичка искуства, посебну је пажњу посветила Бетовеновим клавирским сонатама. Објашњење утицаја карактера физичких покрета тела на музичко дело укључило је осврт на стварање музичког дела, а с друге стране и на сензације током његовог извођења, што је сугерисало шири закључак о посебној важности разумевања ’кинетичке енергије музике’. Последњи у овом делу часописа је чланак Дине Војводић Николић, посвећен музичким критикама Петра Бингулца, као посебно важном делу његовог доприноса српској културној историји и музикологији. Анализирани су текстови публиковани у часопису Мисао, указано је на Бингулчев начин мишљења и метод рада, а компаративном анализом с критикама других аутора дата је основа за његово позиционирање у српској музичкој критици у периоду између двају светских ратова, када је поменути часопис излазио. Прилози у рубрици Научна критика и полемика односе се на недавно одржан научни скуп и на зборник за који је изостала дужна пажња због публиковања током пандемије ковида. Марија Маглов припремила је критички осврт на међународни симпозијум посвећен раној дискографској индустрији, актуелној теми у контексту студија медијализације и индустријализације музике, који су организовале хрватске колеге, марта ове године. Овај прилог нарочито је важан, с обзиром на то да се не очекује уобичајен тематски зборник радова свих учесника симпозијума. Ни зборник Rethinking Prokofiev, који је представио Милош Браловић, није настао на основу научног скупа, већ је резултат оригиналних архивских, аналитичких, односно извођачко-интерпретативних истраживања опуса овог композитора. Реч је о издању на којем су ангажовани водећи стручњаци у интерпретацији остварења Прокофјева, од уредника до аутора, те завређује посебну пажњу научне јавности. Редакција часописа Музикологија срдачно захваљује на сарадњи др Катерини Левиду, доценту на Одсеку за музичке студије Националног и Каподистријасовог универзитета у Атини, која је овом приликом преузела дужност гошће-уреднице за рубрику Тема броја. Изузетну захвалност изражавамо свим колегама које су прихватале посао рецензената и допринеле квалитету публикованих студија.The commemoration of the fiftieth anniversary of Igor Stravinsky’s death (1882–1971) remained in the shadows of the covid-19 pandemic, which caused the prolonged response of the scientific community in terms of new readings of the composer’s opus. The Main Theme in the new issue of Muzikologija-Musicology (No. 34) makes a contribution to this response with a series of studies dedicated to Stravinsky, originating from presentations at the Study Day organized in 2021 by the Department of Music Studies of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. The topics cover a wide range of issues relating to all three phases of Stravinsky’s creation (the Russian, the Neoclassical and the Serial), including questions of aesthetics, as well as the impact and reception of his work. Stamatis Zochios revisits the question of Stravinsky’s relationship with Russian folklore, by contextualising the composer’s output of the so-called “Russian” period with reference to the history of Russian folkloristics. Zochios concludes that Stravinsky followed in the footsteps of his nineteenth-century predecessors (Glinka and the Mighty Five) in drawing on folk sources for his compositions, yet unlike them, he did not make use of studies from his own time; hence, he did not delve into an extensive and in-depth survey of the existing sources of Russian folklore but, instead, relied on established sources and studies from the nineteenth century. Ivan Moody’s article sheds light on Stravinsky’s output with a focus on his religious works through the perspective of his acquaintance with Jacques Maritain’s philosophy, in the context of the philosophical ferment in Interwar France. Moody pays particular attention to Stravinsky’s interpretation of Maritain’s idea of homo faber, “man the maker”. At the same time, he does not ignore the composer’s Russian origins, concluding that the works under examination are equally grounded in Stravinsky’s Russian background and his experiences in the West. Katerina Levidou sheds new light on the Poetics of Music, specifically the question of Pierre Souvtchinsky’s contribution. Her examination moves beyond the obvious places to look, namely the fifth chapter (written by Souvtchinsky) and the well-known reference to Souvtchinsky’s ideas on music and time. The Poetics thus emerges as a most unexpected platform for the presentation and dissemination of positions associated with a certain strand of “Eurasianism”, the Russian émigré intellectual and political movement, with which Souvtchinsky was closely associated. Christoph Flamm focuses on Stravinsky’s late output and considers it from the perspective of expressiveness. Specifically, he highlights expressive, semantic and self-referential dimensions in the late compositions, which emerge there with particular clarity and partly contradict the usual assessments of this music as abstract and constructivist, but also challenge the composer’s own statements. With Edward Campbell’s article we remain in the post-War era, yet the focus shifts from Stravinsky’s work per se to the impact his output had on the Francophone post-war avant-garde, namely Pierre Boulez, Jean Barraqué, Henri Pousseur and Michel Philippot. Campbell’s analysis brings to the surface the influence Stravinsky had on such composers on the level of rhythmic innovation, and the use of sonorities, harmonies, instrumental colour, musical form as well as pitch polarity. The last two articles approach Stravinsky’s work from the perspective of aesthetics, with reference specifically to the philosophy of Stravinsky’s contemporary, Helmuth Plessner. Iakovos Steinhauer discusses the meaning of corporeality and dance in Stravinsky’s work, moving beyond Stravinsky's historically-documented interest in ballet music. Stravinsky’s ballet music, as Steinhauer demonstrates, attains a “mediated immediacy”, thus maintaining a distance from subjective expression, without, however, becoming abstract. Finally, Markos Tsetsos offers a new critique of Adorno’s criticism of Stravinsky with reference to Plessner’s philosophical anthropology. He, therefore, challenges Adorno’s view that Stravinsky regresses to the inhuman and primitive, demonstrating, instead, that his music affirms, in historically adequate modern terms, the constitutive reflectivity of the human embodied condition. On this occasion, the Varia section is more concise, to balance out the breadth of the Main Theme. It contains three studies that map out three different fields of musicological research. Bojana Radovanović has studiously examined the expressive means in the works for the voice of the Serbian composer Jug Marković, including the questions from the domain of the relationship between the composer and the vocal performer. By analysing Marković’s selected works, she aims to illuminate his eclectic style and situate him in the international circles of composers who deal with the voice in non-traditional ways. Marija Dinov’s research presented in this issue deals with kinesthetic gestures, i.e. bodily movements of pianists (including herself) during performances, focusing on the performances of Beethoven’s piano sonatas. The explanation of the influence of physical movements on the musical work includes an overview of the creation of the musical work, and, on the other hand, of the sensations during its performance, which leads to a broader conclusion about the special importance of understanding the “kinetic energy of music”. The last article in this section of the journal is Dina Vojvodić Nikolić’s article dedicated to Petar Bingulac’s music criticism, as a particularly important segment of his contribution to Serbian cultural history and musicology. The author analyses Bingulac’s texts published in the journal Misao [Thought] and points to Bingulac’s way of thinking and methods of work, whilst also providing a comparative analysis with the music reviews of other contemporary critics and thus situating Bingulac’s writings within Serbian music criticism from the interwar period, when the journal Misao was published. Contributions in the section Scientific criticism and polemics refer to the recently held conference and to the collection which has hitherto attracted insufficient attention due to its publication during the covid-19 pandemic. Marija Maglov has prepared a review of the international symposium dedicated to the early recording industry, a current topic in the context of studies of medialisation and industrialisation of music, which was organized by Croatian colleagues in March 2023; this contribution is particularly important considering that the publication of the proceedings of the symposium is not expected. The collection Rethinking Prokofiev, reviewed by Miloš Bralović, did not result from a scientific conference either; it is the outcome of original archival, analytical, and performance-interpretive research of Sergei Prokofiev’s oeuvre. This collection has gathered together leading experts on Prokofiev’s works, from the editors to the authors, and it deserves special attention from the scientific community. The Editorial Board of the journal Muzikologija-Musicology would like to thank Dr Katerina Levidou, Assistant Professor at the Department of Music Studies of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, who served as Guest Editor of the Main Theme. We are very grateful to all colleagues who accepted the roles of peer reviewers and contributed to the quality of published studies

    Brown Girl in the Ring: What are the Experiences of Senior Female Black, Asian, Minority Ethnic Leaders in Social Work Today?

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    There has been extensive concern with race and racism in social work as a discipline, including empirical enquiry examining the experiences of social workers from Black and Minority Ethnic (BAME) backgrounds. However, insufficient attention has been paid to the experiences of BAME female social work leaders. This thesis reports on a practitioner research enquiry addressing this group’s experiences. The study relied on a psychoanalytically informed, psychosocial methodological approach, alongside autoethnographic reflection. Biographical narrative interviews were undertaken with five female BAME leaders working in a local authority adult social care context. Data generated from these interviews were then subject to an in-case/cross-case analysis based on a constructivist epistemological framework. Themes identified from the analysis related to experiences in the workplace and leadership journeys, illuminating ways in which personal and professional biographies converged in the participants’ understanding of the demands and challenges of leadership, as well as wider organisational and social forces that had an impact on them as professionals and BAME women, particularly racism. The analysis revealed how the participants were prompted to be attentive to both their inner experiences and work contexts to understand themselves as leaders. The study’s principal contribution is in helping to develop psychosocial knowledge that may help inform action to challenge racism and organisational barriers bearing upon the career trajectories of BAME women. Key terms: Black and Minority Ethnic, leadership, psychoanalytically informed research, psychosocial social work research, race, racism, social work leadership

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