NASA Automated Rendezvous and Capture Review. Executive summary

In support of the Cargo Transfer Vehicle (CTV) Definition Studies in FY-92, the Advanced Program Development division of the Office of Space Flight at NASA Headquarters conducted an evaluation and review of the United States capabilities and state-of-the-art in Automated Rendezvous and Capture (AR&C). This review was held in Williamsburg, Virginia on 19-21 Nov. 1991 and included over 120 attendees from U.S. government organizations, industries, and universities. One hundred abstracts were submitted to the organizing committee for consideration. Forty-two were selected for presentation. The review was structured to include five technical sessions. Forty-two papers addressed topics in the five categories below: (1) hardware systems and components; (2) software systems; (3) integrated systems; (4) operations; and (5) supporting infrastructure

Wireless Sensor Needs Defined by SBIR Topics

This slide presentation reviews the needs for wireless sensor technology from various U.S. government agencies as exhibited by an analysis of Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) solicitations. It would appear that a multi-agency group looking at overlapping wireless sensor needs and technology projects is desired. Included in this presentation is a review of the NASA SBIR process, and an examination of some of the SBIR projects from NASA, and other agencies that involve wireless sensor developmen

Deep Space Network information system architecture study

The purpose of this article is to describe an architecture for the Deep Space Network (DSN) information system in the years 2000-2010 and to provide guidelines for its evolution during the 1990s. The study scope is defined to be from the front-end areas at the antennas to the end users (spacecraft teams, principal investigators, archival storage systems, and non-NASA partners). The architectural vision provides guidance for major DSN implementation efforts during the next decade. A strong motivation for the study is an expected dramatic improvement in information-systems technologies, such as the following: computer processing, automation technology (including knowledge-based systems), networking and data transport, software and hardware engineering, and human-interface technology. The proposed Ground Information System has the following major features: unified architecture from the front-end area to the end user; open-systems standards to achieve interoperability; DSN production of level 0 data; delivery of level 0 data from the Deep Space Communications Complex, if desired; dedicated telemetry processors for each receiver; security against unauthorized access and errors; and highly automated monitor and control

Development and update of aerospace applications in partitioned architectures

Tese de mestrado em Engenharia Informática, apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2011Para enfrentar os desafios e requisitos impostos por missões espaciais futuras, a indústria aeroespacial tem vindo a seguir uma tendência para adoptar arquitecturas computacionais inovadoras e avançadas, cumprindo requisitos estritos de tamanho, peso e consumo energético (SWaP) e assim diminuir o custo total da missão assegurando a segurança na operação e a pontualidade do sistema. A arquitectura AIR (ARINC 653 in Space Real-Time Operating System), desenvolvida para responder ao interesse da indústria aeroespacial, particularmente da Agência Espacial Europeia (ESA), fornece um ambiente compartimentado para o desenvolvimento e execução de aplicações aeroespaciais, seguindo a noção de compartimentação temporal e espacial, preservando os requisitos temporais das aplicações e a segurança na operação. Durante uma missão espacial, a ocorrência de eventos inesperados ou alterações aos planos da missão introduz novas restrições. Assim, é de grande importância ter a possibilidade de alojar novas aplicações na plataforma computacional de veículos espaciais ou modificar aplicações já existentes em tempo de execução e, deste modo, cumprir os novos requisitos ou melhorar as funções do veículo espacial. O presente trabalho introduz na arquitectura AIR o suporte à inclusão e actualização de novas funcionalidades ao plano de missão durante o funcionamento do sistema. Estas funcionalidades podem ser formadas por componentes de software modificados ou pelos requisitos temporais correspondentes. O melhoramento da arquitectura AIR com a possibilidade de realizar actualizações de software requer um ambiente e ferramentas de desenvolvimento adequados. Neste sentido, a metodologia para o desenvolvimento de software em sistemas baseados na arquitectura AIR é revisitada.To face the challenges and requirements imposed by future space missions, the aerospace industry has been following the trend of adopting innovative and advanced computing system architectures fulfilling strict requisites of size, weight and power consumption (SWaP) thus decreasing the mission overall cost and ensuring the safety and timeliness of the system. The AIR (ARINC 653 in Space Real-Time Operating System) architecture has been defined dependent on the interest of the aerospace industry, especially the European Space Agency (ESA). AIR provides a partitioned environment for the development and execution of aerospace applications, based on the idea of time and space partitioning (TSP), aiming the preservation of the application requirements, timing and safety. During a space mission, the occurrence of unexpected events or the change of the mission plans introduces new constraints to the mission. Therefore, it is paramount to have the possibility to host new applications in spacecraft onboard computer platform, or modify the existing ones in execution time, thus fulfilling new requirements or enhancing spacecraft functions. The work described on this thesis introduces in the AIR architecture the support for the inclusion of new features to the mission plan during the system operation. These new features may be composed of modified software components or the corresponding timing requirements. The improvement of the AIR architecture with the ability to perform software updates requires a suitable development environment and tools. Therefore, the methodology for software development in AIR-based systems, regarding the build and integration process, is reexamined

Spacecraft Dormancy Autonomy Analysis for a Crewed Martian Mission

Current concepts of operations for human exploration of Mars center on the staged deployment of spacecraft, logistics, and crew. Though most studies focus on the needs for human occupation of the spacecraft and habitats, these resources will spend most of their lifetime unoccupied. As such, it is important to identify the operational state of the unoccupied spacecraft or habitat, as well as to design the systems to enable the appropriate level of autonomy. Key goals for this study include providing a realistic assessment of what "dormancy" entails for human spacecraft, exploring gaps in state-of-the-art for autonomy in human spacecraft design, providing recommendations for investments in autonomous systems technology development, and developing architectural requirements for spacecraft that must be autonomous during dormant operations. The mission that was chosen is based on a crewed mission to Mars. In particular, this study focuses on the time that the spacecraft that carried humans to Mars spends dormant in Martian orbit while the crew carries out a surface mission. Communications constraints are assumed to be severe, with limited bandwidth and limited ability to send commands and receive telemetry. The assumptions made as part of this mission have close parallels with mission scenarios envisioned for dormant cis-lunar habitats that are stepping-stones to Mars missions. As such, the data in this report is expected to be broadly applicable to all dormant deep space human spacecraft

Indiana State University Campus Facilities Master Plan 2000

Indiana State University master plan for campus facilities development

Dynamic capabilities in private hospitals: a case-based research of Henan Shengde Hospital

China's medical industry is in the stage of transformation. As new reform policies are released frequently and increasing number of private hospitals entry the medical industry, the external environment is constantly changing. Why is Henan Shengde Hospital capable to survive and prosper through market changes but others fail? This study adopts Dynamic Capability Approach and investigates the role of dynamic capabilities in achieving superior medical staff satisfaction. The main purpose of this study is to examine the importance of dynamic capabilities for Henan Shengde Hospital to cope with the external environment as well as their mediating role in the relationship between organizational resources, capabilities and medical staff satisfaction. Both exploratory and conclusive research are conducted in this study. Seven managers were interviewed and a total of 315 questionnaires were distributed and collected in Henan Shengde Hospital. The findings indicate that organizational culture and managerial capability have positive impact on employee satisfaction. Responding capability and reconfiguring capability affect employee satisfaction positively, while sensing capability does not. We also find that reconfiguring capability play a mediating role in three pairs of relationship, namely, organizational culture and medical staff satisfaction, leadership and medical staff satisfaction as well as managerial capability and medical staff satisfaction. When the organization faces a volatile and unpredictable external environment, reconfiguring capability is an important source of medical staff satisfaction.A indústria da saúde na China encontra-se numa fase de transformação. A liberação constante de novas políticas e a entrada de um número crescente de hospitais privados provocam turbulência na envolvente externa. Partimos da seguinte questão principal de investigação: porque é que o Hospital Henan Shengde é capaz de sobreviver às mudanças de mercado e outros falham? Este estudo adopta a abordagem das capacidades dinâmicas para investigar o papel destas na obtenção da satisfação do pessoal médico. O principal objetivo desta tese consiste em examinar a importância das capacidades dinâmicas para o Hospital Henan Shengde lidar com a envolvente externa assim como o seu papel mediador na relação entre os recursos organizacionais, capacidades e a satisfação do pessoal médico. Este estudo conduziu uma pesquisa exploratória e conclusiva. Sete gestores foram entrevistados e um total de 315 questionários foram distribuídos e recolhidos no Hospital Henan Shengde. Os resultados mostram que a cultura organizacional e capacidade de gestão têm um impacto positivo na satisfação dos empregados. A capacidade de resposta e a capacidade de reconfiguraçãção afetam positivamente a satisfaçãção dos empregados, enquanto a capacidade de detecçãção não afeta. Concluímos também que a capacidade de reconfiguração desempenha um papel mediador em três pares de relacionamento, nomeadamente, cultura organizacional e satisfação do pessoal médico, liderança e satisfação do pessoal médico assim como capacidade de gestão e satisfação do pessoal médico. Quando a organização enfrenta uma envolvente externa volátil e imprevisível, a capacidade de reconfiguração é uma fonte importante da satisfação do pessoal médico

Space Generic Open Avionics Architecture (SGOAA) reference model technical guide

This report presents a full description of the Space Generic Open Avionics Architecture (SGOAA). The SGOAA consists of a generic system architecture for the entities in spacecraft avionics, a generic processing architecture, and a six class model of interfaces in a hardware/software system. The purpose of the SGOAA is to provide an umbrella set of requirements for applying the generic architecture interface model to the design of specific avionics hardware/software systems. The SGOAA defines a generic set of system interface points to facilitate identification of critical interfaces and establishes the requirements for applying appropriate low level detailed implementation standards to those interface points. The generic core avionics system and processing architecture models provided herein are robustly tailorable to specific system applications and provide a platform upon which the interface model is to be applied

Dynamic capabilities and performance improvement of private hospitals in China on the basis of resource-based theory: A case study of Foshan Chancheng Central Hospital (FCCH)

Based on the resource based view, and by applying a dynamic capabilities theory, this thesis explains and illustrates how enterprises adapt to the changing environments, identify and discover opportunities and threats. The effective coordination and integration of internal and external resources enable enterprises to form a long lasting and rapid resource model that can make enterprises to be adaptive to the changes in external environment, create more value with resources, and thus bring unique dynamic capabilities to enterprises to have sustainable competitive advantages. Dynamic capabilities can transform the old knowledge of enterprises to new knowledge or create new knowledge adapted to the new environment within the enterprise, thus changing the original capability structure of the enterprise and making the enterprise step forward. Dynamic capabilities are effective means for enterprises to obtain sustainable competitive advantage, which can only be obtained by the possession of dynamic capabilities. Taking the reform, development, strategy implementation and resource integration practice of Foshan Chancheng Hospital as an example, the research has important enlightenment significance for Chinese private hospitals to explore effective integration of internal and external resources and how to build their dynamic capabilities to improve competitive advantages and obtain good performance.Com base numa visão baseada em recursos, na teoria das capacidades dinâmicas, esta Tese pretende mostrar como as empresas se adaptam a ambientes em mudança, identificando oportunidades e ameaças no ambiente e reconstro em recursos internos e externos. A coordenação e integração eficazes de recursos internos e externos permitem que as empresas formem uma configuração de recursos rápida e duradoura que pode fazer com que as empresas se adaptem às mudanças no ambiente exter no, criem mais valor com os recursos e, assim, tragam capacidades dinâmicas exclusivas dando aso a vantagens competitivas sustentáveis. Capacidades dinâmicas podem transformar o conhecimento antigo das empresas em novo conhecimento ou criar novos conhecime ntos adaptados ao novo ambiente dentro da empresa, mudando assim a estrutura de capacidade original da empresa e fazendo a empresa dar um passo à frente. Capacidades dinâmicas são meios eficazes para as empresas obterem vantagem competitiva sustentável, qu e só pode ser obtida pela posse de capacidades dinâmicas. Tomando o desenvolvimento, a implementação da estratégia e a prática de integração de recursos do Hospital Foshan Chancheng como exemplo, a Tese discute ainda as formas fundamentais para os hospitai s privados chineses integrarem efetivamente recursos internos e externos, construindo assim capacidades dinâmicas para sustentar vantagens competitivas

L1 libration point manned space habitat

Second generation stations or Manned Space Habitats (MSHs) are discussed for an Earth-Moon libration point and in lunar orbit. The conceptual design of such a station is outlined. Systems and subsystems described reflect anticipation of moderate technology growth. The evolution of the L1 environments is discussed, several selected subsystems are outlined, and how the L1 MSH will complete some of its activities is described