Sexually transmitted infection prevention behaviours : health impact, prevalence, correlates, and interventions

Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

J Adolesc Health

Adolescents' health behaviors and experiences contribute to many outcomes, including risks for HIV, other sexually transmitted diseases, and unintended pregnancy. Public health interventions and approaches addressing risk behaviors or experiences in adolescence have the potential for wide-reaching impacts on sexual health and other related outcomes across the lifespan, and schools are a critical venue for such interventions. This paper describes a school-based program model developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Division of Adolescent and School Health for preventing HIV/sexually transmitted diseases, unintended pregnancy, and related health risk behaviors and experiences among middle and high school students. This includes a summary of the theoretical and evidence base that inform the model, and a description of the model's activities, organized into three key strategies (sexual health education, sexual health services, and safe and supportive environments) and across three cross-cutting domains (strengthening staff capacity, increasing student access to programs and services, and engaging parent and community partners). The paper also outlines implications for adolescent health professionals and organizations working across schools, clinics, and communities, to address and promote adolescent sexual health and well-being.CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States/2023-04-01T00:00:00Z35305791PMC926091111624vault:4293

Compendium of HIV Prevention Interventions with Evidence of Effectiveness

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) developed this Compendium of HIV Prevention Interventions with Evidence of Effectiveness to respond to prevention service providers, planners, and others who request science-based interventions that work to prevent HIV transmission. All interventions selected for this Compendium came from behavioral or social studies that had both intervention and control/comparison groups and positive results for behavioral or health outcomes. We required designs with control/comparison groups so that successful results could be attributed to the interventions. Appendix A describes in detail the criteria used to select the interventions. This document provides Summaries of each intervention that met all criteria. These are referred to as effective interventions. To meet the ongoing need for current information about what works in HIV prevention, this Compendium will be updated periodically. The Compendium provides state-of-the-science information about interventions with evidence of reducing sex- and/or drug-related risks, and the rate of HIV/STD infections. These interventions have been effective with a variety of populations, e.g., clinic patients, heterosexual men and women, high-risk youth, incarcerated populations, injection drug users, and men who have sex with men. They have been delivered to individuals, groups, and communities in settings such as storefronts, gay bars, health centers, housing communities, and schools. A reader may want to consider an entire group of studies, for instance, all studies that used small group interventions. Table 1 highlights population and intervention characteristics for each of the interventions. Accessing additional materials may assist in implementing a selected intervention. Table 2 indicates the interventions that are part of CDC's Replicating Effective Programs (REP), Prevention Counseling Course Series, and Research to Classroom: Programs That Work (PTW) projects. These ongoing projects support development of intervention materials, training, and technical assistance. Once an intervention is adopted, its actual impact will depend on how it is implemented. The important thing is to achieve a balance between adapting the intervention to suit local needs and maintaining the core elements and key characteristics that made the original intervention successful. Also, the agency that implements the intervention will require organizational support, adequate staffing, and sufficient resources for implementation. Finally, some readers may prefer an alternative or additional approach. They may want to assess and strengthen their existing program activities rather than select a new intervention, or to do both. We offer an Intervention Checklist to guide this process. The items on the Checklist are derived from many successful prevention interventions.https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/resources/reports/hiv_compendium/index.ht

Cultural sensitivity in communication campaigns for the prevention of sexually transmitted infection in Nigeria

The role of culture in sexually transmitted infections (STIs) prevention campaign has been crucial. However, a common vision on how culture ought to inform the design and implementation of the campaign appears to be lacking in Nigeria. Given this phenomenon, this study examined how culture can be conceptualized into improving STIs prevention communication campaign in Nigeria. Data was collected through indepth interviews of 22 STIs positive and 19 STIs negative young people within the ages of 15 to 26 years in South-West and North-Central Nigeria. Data was analyzed through thematic analysis. While some of these cultural aspects help positively, others have negative impacts. Religion, values and taboos, cultural practices, and civilization were discovered to be the four major aspects where culture and STIs have nexus and influence communication of STIs messages in Nigeria. Evidence showed that religion discourage youths from pre-marital and extramarital sex. The Nigerian youths acknowledge values and taboos as having a powerful influence on matters of sexuality. However, there were still some local practices which discourage safe sexual behavior such as subservient roles of women, polygamy, female genital mutilation and using young females for sexual satisfaction. Findings indicate the need for STIs messages to address stigmatization, the use of local dialects, misconception in STIs knowledge, negative portrayal of STIs, usage of current information and disclosure of STIs status. It was discovered that integrated marketing communication channels will be effective to STIs negative individuals. However, the STIs positive individuals prefer the use of interpersonal communication and radio. The study concludes that a culturally sensitive communication intervention is crucial and should spearhead behavior interventions, both as agents and beneficiaries. Two STIs cultural sensitivity models were proposed as a potential guide in order to make the intervention gain acceptance among young people in various Nigerian communities

Sexually Transmitted Infection Prevention in 18 to 24-Year-Old Heterosexual Men: Pilot Study

The CDC reported that there were over 20 million cases in the United States and half affected young adults, 15 to 25-year olds. Strategies STD prevention have been developed by the CDC but does not include avoiding alcohol or other similar agents in the context of a sexual encounter. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of STD prevention education intervention by improving Condom Use Self-Efficacy in heterosexually 18 to 24-year old men. It was hypothesized self-efficacy would improve with a face-to-face brief educational intervention. A quasi-experimental, pre-/post-test design with simple randomization of subjects into control and intervention groups was selected. A brief, individualized, face-to-face discussion with a provider was designed to educate the heterosexual, young men about common STDs, treatments, and risks for infection, strategies to decrease risk, and a demonstration correct condom use and an opportunity to practice applying a condom on a suitable plastic model. Results: CUSES scores for the intervention group significantly improved (p\u3c .05). However, condom and water soluble lubricant collection behaviors did not change for either group. Conclusions: Face-to-face educational intervention about STD prevention had a statistically significant effect on the intervention group

Socio-cultural beliefs concerning sexual relations, sexually transmitted diseases and HIV

Bibliography: leaves 66-69

Seeking Sexual Health Information from Romantic Partners: Testing an Application and Extension of the Theory of Motivated Information Management

Young adults are at disproportionately high risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Research suggests individuals who discuss sexual health issues with romantic partners may engage in more responsible sexual health decision-making, thereby lowering their risk of acquiring STIs. To date, relatively little is known about how young adults seek sexual health information from romantic partners. This study applies and tests an extension of the Theory of Motivated Information Management (TMIM) to understand the contexts in which individuals seek sexual health information directly from romantic partners or from mediated information channels and the determinants that underlie these decisions. Two online surveys, separated by three weeks, were administered to undergraduate students. A total of 313 students with romantic partners completed the first survey with 200 of them also completing the second survey. At the outset of the Time 1 (T1) survey, half of participants were randomly assigned to read a sexual health narrative intended to increase their uncertainty and anxiety about their knowledge of their partner’s sexual health. The other participants served as a control group and read a narrative unrelated to sexual health. All participants then answered questions about their perceived efficacy to obtain sexual health information from romantic partners and the outcomes they expected would arise. For the survey administered at Time 2 (T2), all participants reflected on the extent to which they sought sexual health information from their partners and from mediated information channels between T1 and T2. Findings suggest the sexual health narrative influenced uncertainty discrepancy and anxiety for individuals who related to the main character in the narrative. In addition, the TMIM predicted individuals’ information management efforts within the context of seeking sexual health information from romantic partners. Finally, this study found encouraging results for incorporating a measure of mediated information seeking into the TMIM. Specifically, lower efficacy to obtain sexual health information directly from a romantic partner was positively associated with seeking sexual health information from mediated channels

Compendium of HIV prevention interventions with evidence of effectiveness: from CDC's HIV/AIDS Prevention Research Synthesis Project

"November 1999"August 31, 2001 revision available via the World Wide Web.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HIV/AIDS Prevention Research Synthesis Project. Compendium of HIV Prevention Interventions with Evidence of Effectiveness, November 1999: [inclusive page numbers]

Epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases in Estonia in 1990-2000

http://www.ester.ee/record=b4337551~S1*es