ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN QOS LAYANAN ETHERNET, FRAME RELAY, DAN ATM MELALUI MPLS PADA JARINGAN BACKBONE<br><br>COMPARING ANALYSIS QOS ETHERNET SERVICE, FRAME RELAY, AND ATM OVER MPLS ON THE BACKBONES NETWORK

ABSTRAKSI: Teknologi AToM dikembangkan setelah melihat sukses besar yang pada teknologi MPLS-VPN yang memberikan solusi pengiriman data yang aman dan cepat karena menggunakan jaringan private (VPN) dan menggunakan jaringan MPLS sebagai backbone. Walaupun begitu, teknologi layer-2 seperti Leased Line, ATM, dan Frame Relay masih merupakan penyumbang pendapatan terbesar untuk para service provider[1]. Teknologi ini tetap dipilih oleh para pelanggan karena dan kebanyakan perusahaan memakai produk yang menggunakan protokol yang tidak dapat dibawa oleh IP (contoh: IBM FEP)[1] .Atas dasar itulah kemudian teknologi AToM dikembangkan, dengan AToM maka para penyedia jaringan dapat melewatkan trafik layer-2 seperti ATM, Frame Relay, dsb. melalui jaringan MPLS. Sehingga hanya dengan memiliki satu jaringan tetapi dapat menawarkan dua layanan besar, yaitu MPLS-VPN dan AToM maka besarnya investasi yang harus dikeluarkan dapat ditekan.Teknologi AToM saat ini sudah mulai digunakan oleh para penyedia layanan yang memiliki jaringan yang luas[5]. Dalam tugas akhir kali ini akan mengimplementasikan teknologi AToM dalam jaringan yang kecil dan menggunakan software GNS3. Adapun hasil dari implementasi ini diharapkan dapat memberikan gambaran perbandingan QoS antara MPLSFrame relay, MPLS-ATM, dan MPLS-Ethernet.Dari hasil Pengukuran dapat dilihat bahwa Teknologi ATM over MPLS mempunyai nilai throughput terkecil dengan selisih nilai sebesar 177.095 bps dengan Frame Relay dan 209.986 bps dengan Ethernet over MPLS . Sedangkan nilai delay, packet loss,dan jitter yang didapat dari jaringan yang menggunakan teknologi ATM over MPLS mempunyai nilai yang lebih bagus dibandingkan dengan jaringan yang menggunakan Ethernet over MPLS dan Frame Relay over MPLS.Kata Kunci : MPLS, AToM, Frame Relay, ATM, EthernetABSTRACT: AToM technology developed after seeing the huge success of the MPLS-VPN technology that provides secure data delivery solutions and fast because it uses a private network (VPN) and using MPLS as a backbone network. However, layer-2 technologies like Leased Line, ATM, and Frame Relay is still the largest revenue contributor for the service providers [1]. This technology is still chosen by customers because most companies and using products that use protocols that can not be carried by IP (example: IBM FEP) [1].Based on that later ATOM technologies developed, with an atom then the network provider can skip the layer-2 traffic such as ATM, Frame Relay, etc.. through the MPLS network. So that only by having a single network but can offer two major services, namely MPLS-VPN and the atom then the amount of investment that has to be removed can be minimized.ATOM technology is starting to be used by service providers who have an extensive network of [5]. In this final task will be implementing the technologies of atoms in the small network and use GNS3 software.The results of this implementation is expected to present a picture comparison between the MPLS QoS-Frame relay, MPLS, ATM, and MPLS-EthernetFrom the measurement results can be seen that ATM over MPLS technology has the highest throughput with the smallest difference in value amounting to 177,095 bps from Frame Relay over MPLS and 209,986 bps Ethernet over MPLS. While the value of delay, packet loss, and jitter is obtained from a network that uses ATM over MPLS technology has a good value compared to networks using Ethernet over MPLS and Frame Relay over MPLS.Keyword: MPLS, Atom, Frame Relay, ATM, Etherne

A Survey on Communication Networks for Electric System Automation

Published in Computer Networks 50 (2006) 877–897, an Elsevier journal. The definitive version of this publication is available from Science Direct. Digital Object Identifier:10.1016/j.comnet.2006.01.005In today’s competitive electric utility marketplace, reliable and real-time information become the key factor for reliable delivery of power to the end-users, profitability of the electric utility and customer satisfaction. The operational and commercial demands of electric utilities require a high-performance data communication network that supports both existing functionalities and future operational requirements. In this respect, since such a communication network constitutes the core of the electric system automation applications, the design of a cost-effective and reliable network architecture is crucial. In this paper, the opportunities and challenges of a hybrid network architecture are discussed for electric system automation. More specifically, Internet based Virtual Private Networks, power line communications, satellite communications and wireless communications (wireless sensor networks, WiMAX and wireless mesh networks) are described in detail. The motivation of this paper is to provide a better understanding of the hybrid network architecture that can provide heterogeneous electric system automation application requirements. In this regard, our aim is to present a structured framework for electric utilities who plan to utilize new communication technologies for automation and hence, to make the decision making process more effective and direct.This work was supported by NEETRAC under Project #04-157

Analisis Performansi AToM (Any Transport over MPLS) pada Jaringan Backbone

ABSTRAKSI: Jaringan data saat ini mempunyai peranan penting dalam menjalankan roda perekonomian suatu negara karena sebagian besar perusahaan menggunakan jaringan data untuk mengirimkan semua rekapitulasi dari kantor-kantor cabang ke kantor pusat. Salah satu teknologi untuk mempercepat proses pengiriman data adalah MPLS (Multi Protocol Label Switched), dan saat ini para penyedia layanan berlomba menggelar MPLS-VPN (MPLSVirtual Private Network) yang dapat mengakomodasi keinginan para pelanggan memiliki jaringan pribadi untuk menghubungkan kantor-kantor cabang dengan inti MPLS di dalamnya. Dalam praktiknya, Frame Relay (FR) yang bekerja pada layer 2 dan merupakan cikal bakal dari MPLS tetap digunakan. Karena terdapat perbedaan layer yang digunakan, maka saat ini para penyedia layanan membedakan jaringan untuk layanan Frame Relay dan MPLS. Oleh karena itu, saat ini telah diciptakan metode terbaru dari MPLS yang mampu melewatkan FR pada jaringan MPLS yaitu AToM (Any Transport over MPLS). Teknologi ini merupakan winwin solution bagi penyedia layanan dan pelanggan jaringan data karena dengan adanya teknologi ini penyedia layanan tidak perlu menyediakan 2 jaringan berbeda untuk mengakomodasi kebutuhan Frame Relay dan MPLS, dan bagi pelanggan tidak perlu menyewa 2 jaringan data yang berbeda. Dalam tugas akhir ini dilakukan pengimplementasian teknologi AToM dalam jaringan kecil dengan menggunakan beberapa PC Router. Adapun hasil dari pengimplementasian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan gambaran tentang teknologi AToM itu sendiri. Dari hasil pengimplementasian yang dilakukan di laboratorium didapat hasil bahwa penggunaan MPLS tidak selamanya menghasilkan QoS yang lebih baik. Ditinjau dari hasil pengukuran, throughput dan delay yang didapat dari jaringan AToM lebih baik dibandingkan dengan jaringan Frame Relay murni. Tetapi packet loss dan jitter yang didapat pada jaringan Frame Relay murni lebih baik dibandingkan dengan jaringan AToM. Kata Kunci : MPLS, AToM, Frame RelayABSTRACT: Nowadays, data network has an important role for the economy of a country because most of company use data network for sending all of their recapitulation from branch office to the head office. One technology for accelerating the process of data sending is MPLS (Multi Protocol Label Switched). Moreover, the service provider today competes in providing a technology called MPLS-VPN (MPLS-Virtual Private Network) which can give a private network to communicate with all branch offices. Practically, Frame Relay technology which works on layer -2 and was the pioneer of MPLS technology is still used by most of service provider. Because MPLS and Frame Relay layers are different, most of service providers separate their network. Based on this problem, new technology has been created that allows Frame Relay to use MPLS network to transport packets with tunneling method called AToM. This technology is a win-win solution for service provider and user because service provider does not have to provide separated network for Frame Relay and MPLS, and for user, they do not have to rent two different networks for two different services. In this final task, AToM technology on local network using PC router is implemented. The result from this implementation is expected to be able to describe how the AToM technology works. From the implementation in laboratory, the use of MPLS does not always make better QoS (Quality of Service). It is true, if we see from throughput and delay value, AToM is higher than pure Frame Relay. However, if we see from packet loss and jitter value, pure Frame Relay technology is better than AToM. Keyword: MPLS, AToM, Frame Rela

Multicast traffic aggregation in MPLS-based VPN networks

This article gives an overview of the current practical approaches under study for a scalable implementation of multicast in layer 2 and 3 VPNs over an IP-MPLS multiservice network. These proposals are based on a well-known technique: the aggregation of traffic into shared trees to manage the forwarding state vs. bandwidth saving trade-off. This sort of traffic engineering mechanism requires methods to estimate the resources needed to set up a multicast shared tree for a set of VPNs. The methodology proposed in this article consists of studying the effect of aggregation obtained by random shared tree allocation on a reference model of a representative network scenario.Publicad

RAPTOR: Routing Attacks on Privacy in Tor

The Tor network is a widely used system for anonymous communication. However, Tor is known to be vulnerable to attackers who can observe traffic at both ends of the communication path. In this paper, we show that prior attacks are just the tip of the iceberg. We present a suite of new attacks, called Raptor, that can be launched by Autonomous Systems (ASes) to compromise user anonymity. First, AS-level adversaries can exploit the asymmetric nature of Internet routing to increase the chance of observing at least one direction of user traffic at both ends of the communication. Second, AS-level adversaries can exploit natural churn in Internet routing to lie on the BGP paths for more users over time. Third, strategic adversaries can manipulate Internet routing via BGP hijacks (to discover the users using specific Tor guard nodes) and interceptions (to perform traffic analysis). We demonstrate the feasibility of Raptor attacks by analyzing historical BGP data and Traceroute data as well as performing real-world attacks on the live Tor network, while ensuring that we do not harm real users. In addition, we outline the design of two monitoring frameworks to counter these attacks: BGP monitoring to detect control-plane attacks, and Traceroute monitoring to detect data-plane anomalies. Overall, our work motivates the design of anonymity systems that are aware of the dynamics of Internet routing

Field test of quantum key distribution in the Tokyo QKD Network

A novel secure communication network with quantum key distribution in a metropolitan area is reported. Different QKD schemes are integrated to demonstrate secure TV conferencing over a distance of 45km, stable long-term operation, and application to secure mobile phones.Comment: 21 pages, 19 figure

Multi Protocol Label Switching: Quality of Service, Traffic Engineering application, and Virtual Private Network application

This thesis discusses the QoS feature, Traffic Engineering (TE) application, and Virtual Private Network (VPN) application of the Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) protocol. This thesis concentrates on comparing MPLS with other prominent technologies such as Internet Protocol (IP), Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), and Frame Relay (FR). MPLS combines the flexibility of Internet Protocol (IP) with the connection oriented approach of Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) or Frame Relay (FR). Section 1 lists several advantages MPLS brings over other technologies. Section 2 covers architecture and a brief description of the key components of MPLS. The information provided in Section 2 builds a background to compare MPLS with the other technologies in the rest of the sections. Since it is anticipate that MPLS will be a main core network technology, MPLS is required to work with two currently available QoS architectures: Integrated Service (IntServ) architecture and Differentiated Service (DiffServ) architecture. Even though the MPLS does not introduce a new QoS architecture or enhance the existing QoS architectures, it works seamlessly with both QoS architectures and provides proper QoS support to the customer. Section 3 provides the details of how MPLS supports various functions of the IntServ and DiffServ architectures. TE helps Internet Service Provider (ISP) optimize the use of available resources, minimize the operational costs, and maximize the revenues. MPLS provides efficient TE functions which prove to be superior to IP and ATM/FR. Section 4 discusses how MPLS supports the TE functionality and what makes MPLS superior to other competitive technologies. ATM and FR are still required as a backbone technology in some areas where converting the backbone to IP or MPLS does not make sense or customer demands simply require ATM or FR. In this case, it is important for MPLS to work with ATM and FR. Section 5 highlights the interoperability issues and solutions for MPLS while working in conjunction with ATM and FR. In section 6, various VPN tunnel types are discussed and compared with the MPLS VPN tunnel type. The MPLS VPN tunnel type is concluded as an optimal tunnel approach because it provides security, multiplexing, and the other important features that are reburied by the VPN customer and the ISP. Various MPLS layer 2 and layer 3 VPN solutions are also briefly discussed. In section 7 I conclude with the details of an actual implementation of a layer 3 MPLS VPN solution that works in conjunction with Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)