620,599 research outputs found
Finding the direction of disturbance propagation in a chemical process using transfer entropy
Published versio
Transfer Scenarios: Grounding Innovation with Marginal Practices
Transfer scenarios is a method developed to support the
design of innovative interactive technology. Such a method
should help the designer to come up with inventive ideas,
and at the same time provide grounding in real human
needs. In transfer scenarios, we use marginal practices to
encourage a changed mindset throughout the design
process. A marginal practice consists of individuals who
share an activity that they find meaningful. We regard these
individuals not as end-users, but as valuable input in the
design process. We applied this method when designing
novel applications for autonomous embodied agents, e.g.
robots. Owners of unusual pets, such as snakes and spiders,
were interviewed - not with the intention to design robot
pets, but to determine underlying needs and interests of
their practice. The results were then used to design a set of
applications for more general users, including a dynamic
living-room wall and a set of communicating hobby robots
Design science, engineering science and requirements engineering
For several decades there has been a debate in the computing sciences about the relative roles of design and empirical research, and about the contribution of design and research methodology to the relevance of research results. In this minitutorial we review this debate and compare it with evidence about the relation between design and research in the history of science and technology. Our review shows that research and design are separate but concurrent activities, and that relevance of research results depends on problem setting rather than on rigorous methods. We argue that rigorous scientific methods separate design from research, and we give simple model for how to do this in a problem-driven way
Software for Wearable Devices: Challenges and Opportunities
Wearable devices are a new form of mobile computer system that provides
exclusive and user-personalized services. Wearable devices bring new issues and
challenges to computer science and technology. This paper summarizes the
development process and the categories of wearable devices. In addition, we
present new key issues arising in aspects of wearable devices, including
operating systems, database management system, network communication protocol,
application development platform, privacy and security, energy consumption,
human-computer interaction, software engineering, and big data.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure, for Compsac 201
Designing requirements engineering research
Engineering sciences study different different topics than natural sciences, and utility is an essential factor in choosing engineering research problems. But despite these differences, research methods for the engineering sciences are no different than research methods for any other kind of science. At most there is a difference in emphasis. In the case of requirements engineering research - and more generally software engineering research - there is a confusion about the relative roles of research and about design and the methods appropriate for each of these activities. This paper analyzes these roles and provides a classification of research methods that can be used in any science—engineering or otherwise
It's Public Knowledge: The National Digital Archive of Datasets
This article describes the history and development of the National Digital
Archive of Datasets, a service run by the University of London Computer Centre for
the National Archives of England. It discusses the project in light of the context in
which it emerged in the 1990s, its departure in approach from traditional data archives,
and the range of archival functions. Finally, it offers reflections on the project as whole.
Cet article décrit l’histoire et le développement du National Digital Archive
of Datasets, un service offert par le centre informatique de l’Université de Londres
pour les Archives nationales de l’Angleterre. L’auteure présente le contexte dans lequel
le projet a émergé dans les années 1990, son approche qui diffère de celle des archives
de données informatiques traditionnelles, ainsi que la gamme de ses fonctions archivistiques.
Finalement, elle offre des réflexions sur le projet dans son ensemble
Improving outcomes in outsourced product development: a joint consultant-client perspective
Although firms increasingly outsource front end product development activities to production suppliers or design consultants, this practice has received little scholarly attention. The few existing academic studies report high failure rates but generally present only the client firms’ view of the causes. Our first results from in-depth interviews of both clients and consultants give a richer picture of enablers of success and causes of failure. We confirm some previous findings(internal divisions within the client, “poor communication” between parties),identify new ones (inadequate client capabilities, failure to transfer design intent), and combine them into a comprehensive model of outsourced product development that includes negotiating project scope, continuously managing expectations, and carefully re-integrating the design output into the client’s operations. Finally, we classify several types of client dependency (need for new ideas, extra capacity, or specific technical expertise) and highlight the particular hazards associated with each
SciTech News Volume 71, No. 1 (2017)
Columns and Reports From the Editor 3
Division News Science-Technology Division 5 Chemistry Division 8 Engineering Division Aerospace Section of the Engineering Division 9 Architecture, Building Engineering, Construction and Design Section of the Engineering Division 11
Reviews Sci-Tech Book News Reviews 12
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