126,587 research outputs found
Conceptual Spaces in Object-Oriented Framework
The aim of this paper is to show that the middle level of
mental representations in a conceptual spaces framework is consistent
with the OOP paradigm. We argue that conceptual spaces framework
together with vague prototype theory of categorization appears to be
the most suitable solution for modeling the cognitive apparatus of
humans, and that the OOP paradigm can be easily and intuitively
reconciled with this framework. First, we show that the prototypebased
OOP approach is consistent with GĂ€rdenforsâ model in terms
of structural coherence. Second, we argue that the product of cloning
process in a prototype-based model is in line with the structure of
categories in GĂ€rdenforsâ proposal. Finally, in order to make the fuzzy
object-oriented model consistent with conceptual space, we
demonstrate how to define membership function in a more cognitive
manner, i.e. in terms of similarity to prototype
Recommended from our members
Using latent-semantic analysis and network analysis for monitoring conceptual development
This paper describes and evaluates CONSPECT (from concept inspection), an application that analyses states in a learnerâs conceptual development. It was designed to help online learners and their tutors monitor conceptual development and also to help reduce the workload of tutors monitoring a learnerâs conceptual development. CONSPECT combines two technologies - Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) and Network Analysis (NA) into a technique called Meaningful Interaction Analysis (MIA). LSA analyses the meaning in the textual digital traces left behind by learners in their learning journey; NA provides the analytic instrument to investigate (visually) the semantic structures identiïŹed by LSA. This paper describes the validation activities undertaken to show how well LSA matches ïŹrst year medical students in 1) grouping similar concepts and 2) annotating text
Recommended from our members
Monitoring conceptual development with text mining technologies: CONSPECT
This paper evaluates CONSPECT, a service that analyses states in a learnerâs conceptual development. It combines two technologies â Latent Semantic Analysis to analyse text and Network Analysis (NA) to provide visualisations â into a technique called Meaningful Interaction Analysis (MIA). CONSPECT was designed to help both online learners and their tutors monitor their conceptual development. This paper reports on the validation experiments undertaken to determine how well LSA matches first year medical students in clustering concepts and in annotating text. The validation used several techniques, including card sorting and Likert scales. CONSPECT produces almost âpeerâ quality results and what remains to be tested is whether it improves with more advanced learners. One of the experiments showed an average 0.7 correlation between humans and CONSPECT
Quantum Information Dynamics and Open World Science
One of the fundamental insights of quantum mechanics is that complete knowledge of the state of a quantum system is not possible. Such incomplete knowledge of a physical system is the norm rather than the exception. This is becoming increasingly apparent as we apply scientific methods to increasingly complex situations. Empirically intensive disciplines in the biological, human, and geosciences all operate in situations where valid conclusions must be drawn, but deductive completeness is impossible. This paper argues that such situations are emerging examples of {it Open World} Science. In this paradigm, scientific models are known to be acting with incomplete information. Open World models acknowledge their incompleteness, and respond positively when new information becomes available. Many methods for creating Open World models have been explored analytically in quantitative disciplines such as statistics, and the increasingly mature area of machine learning. This paper examines the role of quantum theory and quantum logic in the underpinnings of Open World models, examining the importance of structural features of such as non-commutativity, degrees of similarity, induction, and the impact of observation. Quantum mechanics is not a problem around the edges of classical theory, but is rather a secure bridgehead in the world of science to come
A design recording framework to facilitate knowledge sharing in collaborative software engineering
This paper describes an environment that allows a development team to share knowledge about software artefacts
by recording decisions and rationales as well as supporting the team in formulating and maintaining design constraints. It explores the use of multi-dimensional design spaces for capturing various issues arising during development and presenting this meta-information using a network of views. It describes a framework to underlie the collaborative environment and shows the supporting architecture and its implementation. It addresses how the artefacts and their meta-information are captured in a non-invasive way and shows how an artefact repository is embedded to store and manage the artefacts
Spectatorsâ aesthetic experiences of sound and movement in dance performance
In this paper we present a study of spectatorsâ aesthetic experiences of sound and movement in live dance performance. A multidisciplinary team comprising a choreographer, neuroscientists and qualitative researchers investigated the effects of different sound scores on dance spectators. What would be the impact of auditory stimulation on kinesthetic experience and/or aesthetic appreciation of the dance? What would be the effect of removing music altogether, so that spectators watched dance while hearing only the performersâ breathing and footfalls? We investigated audience experience through qualitative research, using post-performance focus groups, while a separately conducted functional brain imaging (fMRI) study measured the synchrony in brain activity across spectators when they watched dance with sound or breathing only. When audiences watched dance accompanied by music the fMRI data revealed evidence of greater intersubject synchronisation in a brain region consistent with complex auditory processing. The audience research found that some spectators derived pleasure from finding convergences between two complex stimuli (dance and music). The removal of music and the resulting audibility of the performersâ breathing had a significant impact on spectatorsâ aesthetic experience. The fMRI analysis showed increased synchronisation among observers, suggesting greater influence of the body when interpreting the dance stimuli. The audience research found evidence of similar corporeally focused experience. The paper discusses possible connections between the findings of our different approaches, and considers the implications of this study for interdisciplinary research collaborations between arts and sciences
- âŠ