171,876 research outputs found
Systems Engineering Design of an Electronically Interactive Application for Runway Incursion Prevention
Runway Incursion is the leading cause of serious incidents or accidents in airports. One of the most common causes of a runway incursion is airport unfamiliarity. Therefore, the researcher designed an electronically interactive application as a practice tool for pilots to utilize during flight preparation. The objective of this application is to enhance airport familiarity to ultimately reduce runway incursion. This application is interactive, affordable, accessible, and mobile device-based. It was designed using the Systems Engineering approach, following Human Factors Engineering principles to make this application user-friendly and to provide optimized human machine interaction. A model-based Systems Engineering software-CORE was utilized to manage the system requirements and provide clear traceability and rationality for each function. A prototype of the interface was developed and evaluated using a heuristic evaluation approach. The experts participating in the evaluation generally agreed that this application would provide an enhanced learning experience of the airport environment during flight preparation rather than studying the FAA airport diagram alone. This project provides a guideline for Software engineers to program this application expeditiously with the least amount of confusion
Adaptive development and maintenance of user-centric software systems
A software system cannot be developed without considering the various facets of its environment. Stakeholders – including the users that play a central role – have their needs, expectations, and perceptions of a system. Organisational and technical aspects of the environment are constantly changing. The ability to adapt a software system and its requirements to its environment throughout its
full lifecycle is of paramount importance in a constantly changing environment. The continuous involvement of users is as important as the constant evaluation of the system and the observation of evolving environments. We present a methodology for adaptive software systems development and
maintenance. We draw upon a diverse range of accepted methods including participatory design, software architecture, and evolutionary design. Our focus is on user-centred software systems
Conception of the cognitive engineering design problem
Cognitive design, as the design of cognitive work and cognitive tools, is predominantly a craft practice that currently depends on the experience and insight of the designer. However, the emergence of a discipline of cognitive engineering promises a more effective alternative practice, one that turns on the prescription of solutions to cognitive design problems. In this paper, the authors first examine the requirements for advancing cognitive engineering as a discipline. In particular, they identify the need for a conception for explicitly formulating cognitive design problems. A proposal for such a conception is then presented
Ergonomic Chair Design by Fusing Qualitative and Quantitative Criteria using Interactive Genetic Algorithms
This paper emphasizes the necessity of formally bringing qualitative and
quantitative criteria of ergonomic design together, and provides a novel
complementary design framework with this aim. Within this framework, different
design criteria are viewed as optimization objectives; and design solutions are
iteratively improved through the cooperative efforts of computer and user. The
framework is rooted in multi-objective optimization, genetic algorithms and
interactive user evaluation. Three different algorithms based on the framework
are developed, and tested with an ergonomic chair design problem. The parallel
and multi-objective approaches show promising results in fitness convergence,
design diversity and user satisfaction metrics
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