2,242 research outputs found
Current challenges and opportunities in computation and simulation to align 4iR paradigm shift
With the advent of 4th Industrial Revolution (4iR or Industry 4.0), the current industry sector is highly automated to increased productivity, flexibility, and quality of products & services. The technology, machinery, materials, inputs, and approaches are radically transforming in the traditional manufacturing companies using several enabling technologies, tools, and systems in this digitization era. Industry 4.0 is the game changer to the end of the conventional applications where computation and simulation play a pivotal role in forecasting and evaluating methodically intractable systems' performance. In this paper, the authors describe the prominence of computation and simulation technology in this industrial transformation and analyze the current challenges and opportunities of computational simulation technologies and tools to uphold the effectiveness
Microelectronics implementation of directional image-based fuzzy templates for fingerprints
Fingerprint orientation image, also called directional image, is a widely used method in fingerprint recognition. It helps in classification (accelerating fingerprint identification process) as well as in preprocessing or processing steps (such as fingerprint enhancement or minutiae extraction). Hence, efficient storage of directional image-based information is relevant to achieve low-cost templates not only for “match on card” but also for “authentication on card” solutions. This paper describes how to obtain a fuzzy model to describe the directional image of a fingerprint and how this model can be implemented in hardware efficiently. The CAD tools of the Xfuzzy 3 environment have been employed to accelerate the fuzzy modeling process as well as to implement the directional image-based template into both an FPGA from Xilinx and an ASIC
Microelectronics implementation of directional image-based fuzzy templates for fingerprints
Trabajo presentado al ICM celebrado en El Cairo del 19 al 22 de diciembre de 2010.Fingerprint orientation image, also called directional image, is a widely used method in fingerprint recognition. It helps in classification (accelerating fingerprint identification process) as well as in preprocessing or processing steps (such as fingerprint enhancement or minutiae extraction). Hence, efficient storage of directional image-based information is relevant to achieve low-cost templates not only for “match on card” but also for “authentication on card” solutions. This paper describes how to obtain a fuzzy model to describe the directional image of a fingerprint and how this model can be implemented in hardware efficiently. The CAD tools of the Xfuzzy 3 environment have been employed to accelerate the fuzzy modeling process as well as to implement the directional image-based template into both an FPGA from Xilinx and an ASIC.Peer Reviewe
Wrist-worn gesture sensing with wearable intelligence
This paper presents an innovative wrist-worn device
with machine learning capabilities and a wearable pressure sensor
array. The device is used for monitoring different hand gestures
by tracking tendon movements around the wrist. Thus, an array
of PDMS-encapsulated capacitive pressure sensors is attached to
the user to capture wrist movement. The sensors are embedded on
a flexible substrate and their readout requires a reliable approach
for measuring small changes in capacitance. This challenge was
addressed by measuring the capacitance via the switched capacitor
method. The values were processed using a programme on
LabVIEW to visually reconstruct the gestures on a computer.
Additionally, to overcome limitations of tendon’s uncertainty
when the wristband is re-worn, or the user is changed, a
calibration step based on the Support Vector Machine (SVM)
learning technique is implemented. Sequential Minimal
Optimization (SMO) algorithm is also applied in the system to
generate SVM classifiers efficiently in real-time. The working
principle and the performance of the SVM algorithms
demonstrate through experiments. Three discriminated gestures
have been clearly separated by SVM hyperplane and correctly
classified with high accuracy (>90%) during real-time gesture
recognition
Digital Twins Approaches and Methods Review
© 2023 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. This is the accepted manuscript version of a conference paper which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1109/ITC-Egypt58155.2023.10206196This paper investigates the recent advances in Digital Twin technologies. The aim is to compare the approaches, available open source and proprietary technologies and methods, their features, and their integration capabilities. The motivation is to enable better design decisions based on the available literature and case studies. Various tools for 3D reconstruction and visualisation, IoT and sensor integration, Physical simulations and other complete platforms provide complete solutions. A conclusion of current challenges and future work identified that the lack of standardisation and interoperability makes the lifetime of a digital twin short, with a high cost and time to build and rebuild if required
Interactivity:the missing link between virtual reality technology and drug discovery pipelines
The potential of virtual reality (VR) to contribute to drug design and
development has been recognised for many years. Hardware and software
developments now mean that this potential is beginning to be realised, and VR
methods are being actively used in this sphere. A recent advance is to use VR
not only to visualise and interact with molecular structures, but also to
interact with molecular dynamics simulations of 'on the fly' (interactive
molecular dynamics in VR, IMD-VR), which is useful not only for flexible
docking but also to examine binding processes and conformational changes.
iMD-VR has been shown to be useful for creating complexes of ligands bound to
target proteins, e.g., recently applied to peptide inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2
main protease. In this review, we use the term 'interactive VR' to refer to
software where interactivity is an inherent part of the user VR experience
e.g., in making structural modifications or interacting with a physically
rigorous molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, as opposed to simply using VR
controllers to rotate and translate the molecule for enhanced visualisation.
Here, we describe these methods and their application to problems relevant to
drug discovery, highlighting the possibilities that they offer in this arena.
We suggest that the ease of viewing and manipulating molecular structures and
dynamics, and the ability to modify structures on the fly (e.g., adding or
deleting atoms) makes modern interactive VR a valuable tool to add to the
armoury of drug development methods.Comment: 19 pages, 3 figure
Haptic feedback in teleoperation in Micro-and Nano-Worlds.
International audienceRobotic systems have been developed to handle very small objects, but their use remains complex and necessitates long-duration training. Simulators, such as molecular simulators, can provide access to large amounts of raw data, but only highly trained users can interpret the results of such systems. Haptic feedback in teleoperation, which provides force-feedback to an operator, appears to be a promising solution for interaction with such systems, as it allows intuitiveness and flexibility. However several issues arise while implementing teleoperation schemes at the micro-nanoscale, owing to complex force-fields that must be transmitted to users, and scaling differences between the haptic device and the manipulated objects. Major advances in such technology have been made in recent years. This chapter reviews the main systems in this area and highlights how some fundamental issues in teleoperation for micro- and nano-scale applications have been addressed. The chapter considers three types of teleoperation, including: (1) direct (manipulation of real objects); (2) virtual (use of simulators); and (3) augmented (combining real robotic systems and simulators). Remaining issues that must be addressed for further advances in teleoperation for micro-nanoworlds are also discussed, including: (1) comprehension of phenomena that dictate very small object (< 500 micrometers) behavior; and (2) design of intuitive 3-D manipulation systems. Design guidelines to realize an intuitive haptic feedback teleoperation system at the micro-nanoscale level are proposed
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