The performance of economic institutions in a dynamic environment: air transport and telecommunications in Germany and Britain

Detailed case study material illustrates why the performance of two British national champions (British Airways and British Telecom respectively) was superior to that of their German counterparts (Lufthansa and Deutsche Telekom): beyond just the effects of privatisation, both the airline and telecommunications industries have been characterised by substantial technological and market change which has altered the parameters of competitive strategy. Under these new dynamic environmental conditions, the British institutional structure has out-performed the denser network of relationships within Germany. This paper seeks to develop a theory of Anglo-Saxon competitive advantage that is not predicated only on the allocative efficiency of free markets, but precisely on the notions of adaptive efficiency or dynamic efficiency of non-market organisational activities. In other words, the hypothesis is that under specified types of industry conditions, the adaptive or dynamic efficiency of Anglo-Saxon firms may be superior to that of firms in Northern Europe's industry-coordination economies. -- Eine Analyse von umfangreichem Fallstudienmaterial läßt erkennen, warum Leistungsfähigkeit und tatsächlich erzieltes Ergebnis der beiden britischen Spitzenunternehmen British Airways und British Telecom besser waren im Vergleich zu den entsprechenden deutschen Unternehmen Lufthansa und Deutsche Telekom: Neben den quasi automatisch auftretenden Wirkungen jeder Privatisierung waren die Luftfahrt- und Telekommunikationsbranchen durch tiefgreifende Änderungen der Technologien und der Märkte gekennzeichnet, wodurch die Kenngrößen für eine wettbewerbsorientierte Strategie geändert wurden. Unter diesen neuentstandenen, dynamisierten Umfeldbedingungen erwies sich die Institutionenstruktur Großbritanniens als dem dichteren Beziehungsnetzwerk in Deutschland überlegen. In diesem Papier sollen Elemente für eine Theorie über diesen angelsächsischen Wettbewerbsvorteil entwickelt werden, die nicht nur auf der Allokationseffizienz von freien Märkten basieren, sondern genau auf die Wahrnehmungen einer Anpassungseffizienz oder dynamischen Effizienz von nichtmarktlichen Aktivitäten unterschiedlicher Organisationen bezogen sind. In anderen Worten, es geht um die Hypothese, daß bei bestimmten, in einer Branche gerade herrschenden Bedingungskonstellationen, die Anpassungs- oder Reaktionseffizienz von angelsächsischen Unternehmen derjenigen von Unternehmen in den branchenkoordinierten Volkswirtschaften des nördlichen Europas überlegen ist.

The Effect Of Mobile BI On Organisational Managerial Decision-Making

Managerial decision-making has always involved the use of numerous distinct information resources. Modern managerial decision-making processes require a wealth of information that is enhanced and transformed into knowledge in order to take effective action. Mobility in business is increasingly exercising influence on core business processes of organisations. Recent advances in wireless technologies coupled with the rapid growth of mobile devices in business have led to a new era in business computing. Mobile Business Intelligence (Mobile BI) is a system that has been conceived to assist, accelerate and to enhance the managerial decision-making processes. Drawing from an array of previous studies that attempted to measure the value of Business Intelligence (BI) and other IT systems in organisations, this study develops a new kind of measure which is based on an understanding of the distinct properties of Mobile BI systems in an organisational-oriented context

Electronic information sharing in local government authorities: Factors influencing the decision-making process

This is the post-print version of the final paper published in International Journal of Information Management. The published article is available from the link below. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. Copyright @ 2013 Elsevier B.V.Local Government Authorities (LGAs) are mainly characterised as information-intensive organisations. To satisfy their information requirements, effective information sharing within and among LGAs is necessary. Nevertheless, the dilemma of Inter-Organisational Information Sharing (IOIS) has been regarded as an inevitable issue for the public sector. Despite a decade of active research and practice, the field lacks a comprehensive framework to examine the factors influencing Electronic Information Sharing (EIS) among LGAs. The research presented in this paper contributes towards resolving this problem by developing a conceptual framework of factors influencing EIS in Government-to-Government (G2G) collaboration. By presenting this model, we attempt to clarify that EIS in LGAs is affected by a combination of environmental, organisational, business process, and technological factors and that it should not be scrutinised merely from a technical perspective. To validate the conceptual rationale, multiple case study based research strategy was selected. From an analysis of the empirical data from two case organisations, this paper exemplifies the importance (i.e. prioritisation) of these factors in influencing EIS by utilising the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique. The intent herein is to offer LGA decision-makers with a systematic decision-making process in realising the importance (i.e. from most important to least important) of EIS influential factors. This systematic process will also assist LGA decision-makers in better interpreting EIS and its underlying problems. The research reported herein should be of interest to both academics and practitioners who are involved in IOIS, in general, and collaborative e-Government, in particular

Analysis and intuition in strategic decision making. The case of California

Many management scholars believe that the process used to make strategic decisions affects the quality of those decisions. However several authors have observed a lack of research on the strategic decision making process. Empirical tests of factors that have been hypothesized to affect the way strategic decisions are made notably are absent. (Fredrickson, 1985) This paper reports the results of a study that attempts to assess the effects of decision making circumstances focusing mainly on the approaches applied and the managerial skills and capabilities the decision makers built on during concrete strategic decision making procedures. The study was conducted in California between September 2005 and June 2006 and it was sponsored by a Fulbright Research Scholarship Grant

Semantic discovery and reuse of business process patterns

Patterns currently play an important role in modern information systems (IS) development and their use has mainly been restricted to the design and implementation phases of the development lifecycle. Given the increasing significance of business modelling in IS development, patterns have the potential of providing a viable solution for promoting reusability of recurrent generalized models in the very early stages of development. As a statement of research-in-progress this paper focuses on business process patterns and proposes an initial methodological framework for the discovery and reuse of business process patterns within the IS development lifecycle. The framework borrows ideas from the domain engineering literature and proposes the use of semantics to drive both the discovery of patterns as well as their reuse

Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world : proceedings of the fifth international conference on monitoring and management of visitor flows in recreational and protected areas : Wageningen, the Netherlands, May 30-June 3, 2010

Proceedings of the fifth international conference on monitoring and management of visitor flows in recreational and protected areas : Wageningen, the Netherlands, May 30-June 3, 201

Design Requirements for AI-based Services Enriching Legacy Information Systems in Enterprises: A Managerial Perspective

Information systems (IS) have been introduced in enterprises for decades to generate business value. Historically systems that are deeply integrated into business processes and not replaced remain vital assets, and thus become legacy IS (LISs). To secure the future success, enterprises invest in innovative technologies such as artificial intelligence-based services (AIBSs), enriching LISs and assisting employees in the execution of work-related tasks. This study develops design requirements from a managerial perspective by following a mixed-method approach. First, we conducted ten interviews to formulate requirements to design AIBSs. Second, we evaluated their business value using an online survey (N = 101). The results indicate that executives consider design requirements as relevant that create strategic advancements in the short term. With the help of our findings, researchers can better understand where further in-depth studies are needed to refine the requirements. Practitioners can learn how AIBSs generate business value when enriching LISs

Small businesses in the new creative industries:innovation as a people management challenge

Purpose - This paper presents findings from an SME case study situated in the computer games industry, the youngest and fastest growing of the new digital industries. The study examines changing people management practices as the case company undergoes industry-typical strategic change to embark on explorative innovation and argues that maintaining an organisational context conducive to innovatin over time risks turning into a contest between management and employees as both parties interpret organisational pressures from their different perspectives. Design/methodology/approach - A single case study design is used as the appropriate methdology to generate indepth qualitative data from multiple organisational member perspectives. Findings - Findings indicate that management and worker perspectives on innovation as strategic change and the central people management practices required to support this differ significantly, resulting in tensions and organisational strain. As the company moves to the production of IP work, the need for more effective duality management arises. Research limitations/implications - The single case study has limitations in terms of generalisability. Multiple data collection and triangulation were used to migitate against the limitations. Practical implications - The study highlights the importance of building up change management capability in the small businesses typical for this sector, an as yet neglected focus in the academic iterature concerned with the industry and in support initatives. Originality/value - Few qualitative studies have examined people management practices in the industry in the context of organisational/strategic change, and few have adopted a process perspective

Multi-Perspective Decision-making Cloud Computing Adoption Model for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)

The research aims to test the model of integrated DOI theory and TOE framework to predict Cloud Computing (CC) decision-making intentions of SMEs, Izmir, Turkey. The survey data was collected from 140 Information Technology (IT) decision-makers via Google forms survey tool. Confirmatory factor analyses were made to examine the decision-making approach of SMEs. The study revealed that the variance of top management support and complexity explained 29.8% of the decision-making approach to CC adoption. The originality of the study is that the research on cloud computing in Turkey is scarce and not comprehensive either. In addition, they are not for Turkish SMEs. This research will bring together an introductory plan for cloud providers to understand the intentions of SMEs for adopting cloud computing. This research will also provide scholars with an in-depth analysis of the status contributing to the academic research in the field of ICT development in developing countries. This study will contribute to SMEs’ ICT infrastructure policies, and support governments in creating a legal framework to make laws for a secure environment for SMEs to reduce costs, and gain a competitive advantage over Large Enterprises (LEs). Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-SP1-010 Full Text: PD