Solving Ethical Puzzles to Unlock University Technology Transfer Client Work for an Intellectual Property Legal Clinic

Intellectual property (IP) and technology legal clinics are experiencing an unprecedented surge in popularity. Before 2000 there were only five such clinics, but by 2016 there were seventy-four, with fifty added since 2010 alone. As law schools are approving new IP clinics and as practitioners are developing syllabi, there is an increasing need to share knowledge about models that work and how to avoid pitfalls. One potentially fertile – but traditionally underutilized -- source of client work for an IP and technology clinic is the university technology transfer office (“TTO”), the department that protects, markets, and licenses all university intellectual property. Through TTO projects, students access cutting-edge technologies, grapple with sophisticated legal concepts, and conform their legal counsel to business realities. Yet very few IP clinics accept TTO projects at all, let alone focus on them as a sizeable percentage of their docket. This disconnect might be explained by the unexpected and thorny ethical challenges that this work can present. For example, with disclosure an especially acute concern with such high-stakes patents, are students who are not members of a state Bar sufficiently bound to a duty of confidentiality? What happens to attorney-client privilege when students from the business school and students from the law school work together on a project? When the project involves advising a new spin-out venture built around a university-owned technology, how can the students share the advice with both the TTO and the venture without compromising privilege, breaching confidentiality, and running the risk of developing a conflict of interest? And finally, if the project exposes students to prior art when there is an active patent application, are they ethically bound to report the information, even if it may defeat the client’s patent? Drawing on the specific experiences of a clinic that has been doing tech transfer work for four years, this article first suggests a model for engagement and then identifies and analyzes some of the most important ethical challenges this work presents. Analyzing the Model Rules, the USPTO Guidelines, and the latest case law in the areas, it suggests solutions for clinics interested in working with the TTO to unlock great potential for student professional development, university innovation, and scientific and technological entrepreneurship in general

Pinpointing Letters

A selection of phrases, each of which pinpoints a specific letter of the alphabet A-Z. This is accomplished by using a word which targets the required letter

Physical Zero-Knowledge Proofs for Akari, Takuzu, Kakuro and KenKen

Akari, Takuzu, Kakuro and KenKen are logic games similar to Sudoku. In Akari, a labyrinth on a grid has to be lit by placing lanterns, respecting various constraints. In Takuzu a grid has to be filled with 0's and 1's, while respecting certain constraints. In Kakuro a grid has to be filled with numbers such that the sums per row and column match given values; similarly in KenKen a grid has to be filled with numbers such that in given areas the product, sum, difference or quotient equals a given value. We give physical algorithms to realize zero-knowledge proofs for these games which allow a player to show that he knows a solution without revealing it. These interactive proofs can be realized with simple office material as they only rely on cards and envelopes. Moreover, we formalize our algorithms and prove their security.Comment: FUN with algorithms 2016, Jun 2016, La Maddalena, Ital

Kuhn and the question of pursuit worthiness

The aim of this paper is, on the one hand, to critically investigate Kuhn's stance on the assessment of the pursuit worthiness of scientific theories, and, on the other hand, to show the actuality of some of Kuhn's points on this issue, in view of their critical analysis. To this end we show that Kuhn presents certain tools, which may help scientists to overcome communication breakdowns when engaging in the process of rational deliberation regarding the question whether a theory is worthy of further pursuit. These tools are persuasion, translation and interpretation. However, we argue that the perspective of epistemic semantic monism present in Kuhn's work obstructs the full applicability of these tools. We show that dropping this perspective makes the notions of persuasion and interpretation more fruitful, and moreover, allows for a pluralism of scientific theories and practices that complements the pluralism based on disagreement among scientists, emphasized by Kuhn

sepE2012

From September 2012 Robert Kelly Archiv

Self-organization, competition, and succession in the dynamics of scientific revolution

Includes bibliographical references (p. 23-24).John D. Sterman and Jason Wittenberg

Menorah Review (No. 30, Winter, 1994)

Louis D. Brandeis and the Empowering of American Jewery (Part 2 of 2) -- Christian Anti-Semitism, Adolf Hitler and the Holocaust (Part 2 of 2) -- The Why of Creation -- Book Briefing

Chapter 12 - Revolution of Printing Technology and the Development of Paperbacks

This chapter explains the invention of the linotype and monotype machines, and the resulting rise in paperback publishing.https://digitalcommons.wou.edu/history_of_book/1011/thumbnail.jp

Introduction: Trends, Puzzles, and Hopes for the Future of Healthcare

This book is being published at a time when the collective attention of the world has been focused, for more than 2 years, on the coronavirus pandemic. The interrelatedness of various facets of biomedicine (whether scientific, societal, political, legal, or cultural) has been vividly illustrated to health practitioners, researchers, and the public at large—often on a very personal level. It is now manifestly obvious to many that planning for the future of clinical and experimental medicine is a must. Although the task of predicting the exact trajectory of any profession might be in vain, it is essential that one at least looks at past and current trends in order to envision future scenarios and plan for them. We can thus shape our expectations about how the various threads of biomedicine could develop; these could then inform our preparedness