76 research outputs found

    Information, intra-firm communication and risk policy

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    Based upon the foundations of mean-variance decision-making theory, we demonstrate that a change in the risk situation of an international enterprise open currency position does not inevitably require a corresponding hedging accommodation. Given a new risk situation, whether a revision of the hedging-strategy is appropriate will depend upon the elasticity of risk aversion. The elasticity of risk aversion is a decisive indicator; however, it is rarely scrutinized in the literature. In addition, our analysis illustrates the cost saving advantages of the applied (μ,σ)-principal compared to the Bernoulli-principal for information procurement processes. Applying the (μ,σ)-principal facilitates and enhances firm-internal communication information levels.Exchange rate risk; international trade; hedging; information

    Information, unternehmensinterne Kommunikation und Risikopolitik

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    Based upon the foundations of mean-variance decision-making theory, we demonstrate that a change in the risk situation of an international enterprise open currency position does not inevitably require a corresponding hedging accommodation. Given a new risk situation, whether a revision of the hedging-strategy is appropriate will depend upon the elasticity of risk aversion. The elasticity of risk aversion is a decisive indicator; however, it is rarely scrutinized in the literature. In addition, our analysis illustrates the cost saving advantages of the applied (μ,σ)-principal compared to the Bernoulli-principal for information procurement processes. Applying the (μ,σ)-principal facilitates and enhances firm-internal communication information levels

    Information, unternehmensinterne Kommunikation und Risikopolitik

    Get PDF
    Based upon the foundations of mean-variance decision-making theory, we demonstrate that a change in the risk situation of an international enterprise open currency position does not inevitably require a corresponding hedging accommodation. Given a new risk situation, whether a revision of the hedging-strategy is appropriate will depend upon the elasticity of risk aversion. The elasticity of risk aversion is a decisive indicator; however, it is rarely scrutinized in the literature. In addition, our analysis illustrates the cost saving advantages of the applied (μ,σ)-principal compared to the Bernoulli-principal for information procurement processes. Applying the (μ,σ)-principal facilitates and enhances firm-internal communication information levels

    Compliance im öffentlichen Sektor : Untersuchung über den allfälligen Nutzen eines Compliance-Management-Systems in der öffentlichen Verwaltung am Beispiel des Bundesamtes für Gesundheit

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    Par Compliance, on entend l'ensemble des mesures organisationnelles d'une entreprise qui visent à assurer le respect des règles par l'entreprise et ses collaborateurs. Dans le secteur privé - surtout dans les banques et les assurances - la Compliance est un concept bien établi et le poste du Compliance Officer apparaît clairement dans l'organigramme des entreprises. Ce terme apparaît aussi de temps à autre au sein de l'administration fédérale, en relation avec la politique de gestion des risques et le système de contrôle interne (SCI) ; mais une introduction effective de la Compliance n'y a pas encore eu lieu (jusqu'ici). Les Américains ont l'habitude de dire « if you think compliance is expensive, try non compliance ». Cette déclaration, apparemment valable pour le secteur privé, peut-elle cependant être transposée telle quelle au secteur public ? L'introduction d'un système de management tel que la Compliance apporterait-elle effectivement une plus-value par rapport aux systèmes existants afin d'éviter les risques engendrant des conséquences juridiques ou causant une mauvaise réputation suite au non-respect de règles par des collaborateurs ? La présente étude se penche sur ces questions et analyse, sur la base de documents et d'interviews, quels éléments de la Compliance existent au niveau de la Confédération et au sein de l'Office fédéral de la santé publique (OFSP) et s'ils sont propres à atteindre les objectifs visés par la Compliance. Dans plusieurs domaines, on a pu constater des défauts et, par conséquent, un gros potentiel d'amélioration. Le problème principal est l'absence d'organisation au niveau de la Compliance. Cela complique la vue d'ensemble des risques juridiques et de ceux pouvant causer une mauvaise réputation qui existent au niveau de la Confédération et à l'OFSP et rend impossible un management homogène de ces risques. En conséquence et dans l'état actuel des choses, il pourrait s'avérer difficile d'éviter de manière durable la réalisation des risques susmentionnés au moyen des systèmes existants. D'un autre côté, la politique de gestion des risques au sein de la Confédération et l'introduction d'un système de contrôle interne (SCI) ont représenté les premiers pas en direction d'un système de gestion des risques intégré. La Compliance serait un complément idéal et pourrait - dans la mesure où la direction de l'Office la soutient et donne le bon exemple - contribuer à la réduction des risques décrits ci-dessus non seulement au niveau de la Confédération mais encore au sein de l'OFSP. La présente étude ne vise pas pour autant à critiquer les systèmes établis, mais bien plus à montrer le potentiel d'amélioration dont on pourrait tirer profit

    A note on continuously decomposed evolving exchange economies

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    It is routine to demonstrate in the exchange economy framework that small changes of individual preferences and endowments always result in small changes of the derived excess demand functions as one should expect. Though being as desirable for reasons of the consistency of the whole approach, however, a precise proof of the converse direction so far is still open to question. The present paper shows that it is actually true. We use a decomposition method for aggregate excess demand functions developed by Mas-Colell which is derived from the well-known decomposition method developed by Sonnenschein and perfected by Debreu and Mantel. Our result fills in a notorious gap in the line of economic justification usually given for this decomposition method. --continuous decomposition,aggregate excess demand

    EU Enlargement : Challenges for Germany's New Laender

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    EU enlargement offers significant welfare gains to old and new member states. However, these welfare gains do not come automatically but have to be earned by appropriate adjustments in domestic policies. This is particularly relevant for Germany's New Laender, which could benefit from the proximity to the new EU member states in Central and Eastern Europe but which also suffer particularly from inefficient institutions in Germany. Welfare gains will only be realised if wage adjustment is flexible. Instead, the German welfare system implicitly creates downward rigid wages. Without appropriate social policy reforms, the competitive pressure and the mobility of capital will destroy jobs in the New Laender. The paper shows the potential benefits and risks of economic integration in a simple partial equilibrium setting with flexible and rigid labour markets, respectively. We also discuss the entrepreneurial willingness and ability in the New Laender to adjust to the changing competitive conditions after EU enlargement. --EU enlargement,labour markets

    Transparency in the Interbank Market and the Volume of Bank Intermediated Loans

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    In this paper we study the impact of more transparency in the interbank market on the volume of bank intermediated loans and on the profitability of the banking business. Transparency is modeled by means of the informational content of publicly observable signals correlated to the random interbank interest rate. We find that more transparency may increase or decrease the volume of bank loans. In particular, the impact of more transparency on the volume of loans depends on the curvature of the marginal cost function of the banking firm. Furthermore, we find that ex ante expected profits of the bank are higher when the interbank market is more transparent. --banking firm,interbank market,interest rate risk,hedging,transparency

    Transparency in the foreign exchange market and the volume of international trade

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    In this paper we study the impact of more transparency in the foreign exchange market on the ex ante expected volume of international trade. Transparency is measured by the informational content of publicly observed signals correlated to the random exchange rate. We find that more transparency may increase or decrease the volume of international trade. In particular, the impact of more transparency depends the curvature of the marginal cost function of the firms. Furthermore, ex ante expected profits of the firms are higher when the foreign exchange market is more transparent. --exchange rate risk,transparency,export production,futures markets

    Capital structure and the firm under uncertainty

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    This paper examines the interplay between the real and financial decisions of the competitive firm `a la Sandmo. Besides output price uncertainty, the firm faces additional sources of risk which are aggregated into an additive background risk. We show that the firm always chooses its optimal debt-equity ratio to minimize the weighted average cost of capital, irrespective of the risk attitude of the firm and the incidence of the multiple sources of uncertainty. Even though the introduction of the background risk affects neither the optimal debt-equity ratio nor the marginal rate of technical substitution, it does have an adverse effect on the output level of the firm. Furthermore, if capital is a normal input, the presence of the background risk induces the firm to acquire less capital by issuing less debt and equity. --Background risk,Capital structure,Price uncertainty

    The Value of Non-Binding Announcements in Public Goods Experiments: some Theory and Experimental Evidence

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    In this paper we present three simple theoretical models to explain the influence of the possibility to make non-binding announcements on future investment behaviour in public good settings. Our models build on the idea that voluntary contributions to the supply of a public good might be motivated by some form of joy of giving. We show that the possibility to make non-binding announcements has a positive effect on cooperative behaviour, especially if individual announcements and factual investments are communicated to the players after each round. We also show that this result holds true even though the players have an incentive to overstate their true degrees of cooperativeness. Altogether, our theoretical considerations point in the direction that revealing as much information on individual intentions and factual behaviour as possible enhances cooperative behaviour. These conclusions are broadly confirmed by the results of a series of classroom experiments we present. --Public goods,Announcements,Joy of giving,Experimental economics
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