Untangling the Industry- University- Research Institute Innovation Network: Formation, Development and Performance Measurement

The Industry-University-Research institute (I-U-R) innovation network has attracted academic researchers’ interest increasingly. However, there is little research investigate the I-U-R innovation network from the perspective of network development. To fill this gap, the present article reviews the researches on the I-U-R innovation network, mainly focusing on the three aspects: the collaboration patterns, the development and its influence factors, and performance measurement. Literature analysis shows that researches on I-U-R innovation network mostly concentrated on the joint R&D activities and joint patenting activities. The development process of I-U-R innovation network was influenced by some factors, including the regional factors, government policy and organizational attributions of cooperators and so on. On evaluating the innovation performance, most of current researches investigated the measurable performance of firm, while the personal knowledge exchange effect and innovation performance of university or research institute were less to be studied in empirical studies. Finally, the current researches have been summarized and some potential directions have been proposed for further study. Keywords: Industry-University-Research institute collaboration, Innovation Network, Network Developmen

Mathematical Models of Distribution of Water Molecules Regarding Energies of Hydrogen Bonds

In this review it is reported about the research on the structure of intermolecular water cyclic associates (clusters) with general formula (?2?)n and their charged ionic clusters [(?2?)n]+ and [(?2?)n]- by means of computer modeling and spectroscopy methods as 1?-NMR, IR-spectroscopy, DNES, EXAFS-spectroscopy, X-Ray and neurons diffraction. The computer calculation of polyhedral nanoclusters (?2?)n, where n = 3–20 are carried out. Based on this data the main structural mathematical models describing water structure (quasicrystalline, continuous, fractal, fractal-clathrate) have been examined and some important physical characteristics were obtained. The average energy of hydrogen bonding between ?2? molecules in the process of cluster formation was measured by the DNES method compiles -0.1067 ± 0.0011 eV. It was also shown that water clusters formed from D2? were more stable, than those ones from ?2? due to isotopic effects of deuterium. Keywords: hydrogen bond, water, structure, clusters

Methods for Measurements of Water Spectrum. Differential Non-equilibrium Energy Spectrum Method (DNES)

In this review it is reported about the research on the structure of intermolecular water cyclic associates (clusters) with general formula (?2?)n and their charged ionic clusters [H+(?2?)n]+ and [OH-(?2?)n]- by means of computer modeling and spectroscopy methods as 1?-NMR, IR-spectroscopy, DNES, EXAFS-spectroscopy, X-Ray and neurons diffraction. The computer calculation of polyhedral nanoclusters (?2?)n, where n = 3–20 are carried out. Based on this data the main structural mathematical models describing water structure (quasicrystalline, continious, fractal, fractal-clathrate) have been examined and some important physical characteristics were obtained. The average energy of hydrogen bonding between ?2? molecules in the process of cluster formation was measured by the DNES method compiles -0.1067 ± 0.0011 eV. It was also shown that water clusters formed from D2? were more stable, than those ones from ?2? due to isotopic effects of deuterium. Keywords: hydrogen bond, water, structure, clusters.

Mathematical Models Describing Water Clusters as Interaction Among Water Molecules. Distributions of Energies of Hydrogen Bonds

  In this review it is reported about the research on the structure of intermolecular water cyclic associates (clusters) with general formula (?2?)n and their charged ionic clusters [H+(?2?)n]+ and [OH-(?2?)n]- by means of computer modeling and spectroscopy methods as 1?-NMR, IR-spectroscopy, DNES, EXAFS-spectroscopy, X-Ray and neurons diffraction. The computer calculation of polyhedral nanoclusters (?2?)n, where n = 3–20 are carried out. Based on this data the main structural mathematical models describing water structure (quasicrystalline, continious, fractal, fractal-clathrate) have been examined and some important physical characteristics were obtained. The average energy of hydrogen bonding between ?2? molecules in the process of cluster formation was measured by the DNES method compiles -0.1067 ± 0.0011 eV. It was also shown that water clusters formed from D2? were more stable, than those ones from ?2? due to isotopic effects of deuterium. Keywords: hydrogen bond, water, structure, clusters

Correlation analysis of the transcriptome of growing leaves with mature leaf parameters in a maize RIL population

Background: To sustain the global requirements for food and renewable resources, unraveling the molecular networks underlying plant growth is becoming pivotal. Although several approaches to identify genes and networks involved in final organ size have been proven successful, our understanding remains fragmentary. Results: Here, we assessed variation in 103 lines of the Zea mays B73xH99 RIL population for a set of final leaf size and whole shoot traits at the seedling stage, complemented with measurements capturing growth dynamics, and cellular measurements. Most traits correlated well with the size of the division zone, implying that the molecular basis of final leaf size is already defined in dividing cells of growing leaves. Therefore, we searched for association between the transcriptional variation in dividing cells of the growing leaf and final leaf size and seedling biomass, allowing us to identify genes and processes correlated with the specific traits. A number of these genes have a known function in leaf development. Additionally, we illustrated that two independent mechanisms contribute to final leaf size, maximal growth rate and the duration of growth. Conclusions: Untangling complex traits such as leaf size by applying in-depth phenotyping allows us to define the relative contributions of the components and their mutual associations, facilitating dissection of the biological processes and regulatory networks underneath

Smooth operations for large stateful in-memory database application: Using Kubernetes orchestration and Apache Helix for improving operations

Relex Solutions’ Plan product is architecturally a giant stateful monolith with an in-memory database. A system is considered a monolith if all its services need to be deployed together. The database has been kept in-memory because of the data amount the application needs to process and how much faster the performance is when the data is kept in-memory. The Plan architects are looking into taking Kubernetes as an orchestration and lifecycle managing tool. Having an orchestrator in place would provide several benefits, such as automatic scheduling workloads onto a shared pool of resources and better isolation between customers. Kuber-netes orchestration is part of bigger architecture initiative to modularize Relex Plan more in attempts to make the monolith more flexible. This thesis is about finding solutions for keeping the operations smooth with Kubernetes and Apache Helix. Literature review and design sci-ence will be used as main methodologies for the research. With Helix role rebalancer and Kubernetes’ Statefulset, we can easily scale out and scale in with graceful shutdown. Autoscaling would be well supported by having a resource pool in Kubernetes. Creating pods with Statefulset, make sure each of the pods has a persistent iden-tifier, so rescheduling and restoring pods in Kubernetes native way is covered, while Helix rebalancer takes care that the cluster has wanted number of Plan roles, so there’s minimal interruption to the users. Zero downtime would require backwards compatibility for database schema updates, this must be implemented on the product side. The backwards compatibility would technically be a requirement if Kubernetes-native rolling update deployment strategy, with zero downtime, is wanted to take into use in the future. The solution can be applied to other monolithic software architecture with similar setup

Nature of Hydrogen Bonds in Liquids and Crystals. Ice Crystal Modifications and Their Physical Characteristics

In this review it is reported about the research on the structure of intermolecular water cyclic associates (clusters) with general formula (?2?)n and their charged ionic clusters [H+(?2?)n]+ and [OH-(?2?)n]- by means of computer modeling and spectroscopy methods as 1?-NMR, IR-spectroscopy, DNES, EXAFS-spectroscopy, X-Ray and neurons diffraction. The computer calculation of polyhedral nanoclusters (?2?)n, where n = 3–20 are carried out. Based on this data the main structural mathematical models describing water structure (quasicrystalline, continious, fractal, fractal-clathrate) have been examined and some important physical characteristics were obtained. The average energy of hydrogen bonding between ?2? molecules in the process of cluster formation was measured by the DNES method compiles -0.1067 ± 0.0011 eV. It was also shown that water clusters formed from D2? were more stable, than those ones from ?2? due to isotopic effects of deuterium. Keywords: hydrogen bond, water, structure, clusters

Water: Hydrogen Bonds. Nanostructures in Solid and Liquid Phases

In this review it is reported about the research on the structure of intermolecular water cyclic associates (clusters) with general formula (?2?)n and their charged ionic clusters [H+(?2?)n]+ and [OH-(?2?)n]- by means of computer modeling and spectroscopy methods as 1?-NMR, IR-spectroscopy, NES, DNES, EXAFS-spectroscopy, X-Ray and neurons diffraction. The computer calculation of polyhedral nanoclusters (?2?)n, where n = 3–20 are carried out. Based on this data the main structural mathematical models describing water structure (quasicrystalline, continuous, fractal, fractal-clathrate) have been examined and some important physical characteristics were obtained. The average energy of hydrogen bonding between ?2? molecules in the process of cluster formation was measured by the DNES method compiles -0.1067 ± 0.0011 eV. It was also shown that water clusters formed from D2? were more stable, than those ones from ?2? due to isotopic effects of deuterium. Keywords: hydrogen bond, water, structure, clusters, IR-spectroscopy, NES, DNES.

Hydrogen Bonds in Water. Nanostructures in Solid and Liquid Phases

In this review it is reported about the research on the structure of intermolecular water cyclic associates (clusters) with general formula (?2?)n and their charged ionic clusters [H+(?2?)n]+ and [OH-(?2?)n]- by means of computer modeling and spectroscopy methods as 1?-NMR, IR-spectroscopy, NES, DNES, EXAFS-spectroscopy, X-Ray and neurons diffraction. The computer calculation of polyhedral nanoclusters (?2?)n, where n = 3–20 are carried out. Based on this data the main structural mathematical models describing water structure (quasicrystalline, continuous, fractal, fractal-clathrate) have been examined and some important physical characteristics were obtained. The average energy of hydrogen bonding between ?2? molecules in the process of cluster formation was measured by the DNES method compiles -0.1067 ± 0.0011 eV. It was also shown that water clusters formed from D2? were more stable, than those ones from ?2? due to isotopic effects of deuterium. Keywords: hydrogen bond, water, structure, clusters, IR-spectroscopy, NES, DNES

Nanostructures in Solid and Liquid Phases of Water

In this review it is reported about the research on the structure of intermolecular water cyclic associates (clusters) with general formula (?2?)n and their charged ionic clusters [H+(?2?)n]+ and [OH-(?2?)n]- by means of computer modeling and spectroscopy methods as 1?-NMR, IR-spectroscopy, NES, DNES, EXAFS-spectroscopy, X-Ray and neurons diffraction. The computer calculation of polyhedral nanoclusters (?2?)n, where n = 3–20 are carried out. Based on this data the main structural mathematical models describing water structure (quasicrystalline, continuous, fractal, fractal-clathrate) have been examined and some important physical characteristics were obtained. The average energy of hydrogen bonding between ?2? molecules in the process of cluster formation was measured by the DNES method compiles -0.1067 ± 0.0011 eV. It was also shown that water clusters formed from D2? were more stable, than those ones from ?2? due to isotopic effects of deuterium. Keywords: hydrogen bond, water, structure, clusters, IR-spectroscopy, NES, DNES