958 research outputs found
Use of a controlled experiment and computational models to measure the impact of sequential peer exposures on decision making
It is widely believed that one's peers influence product adoption behaviors.
This relationship has been linked to the number of signals a decision-maker
receives in a social network. But it is unclear if these same principles hold
when the pattern by which it receives these signals vary and when peer
influence is directed towards choices which are not optimal. To investigate
that, we manipulate social signal exposure in an online controlled experiment
using a game with human participants. Each participant in the game makes a
decision among choices with differing utilities. We observe the following: (1)
even in the presence of monetary risks and previously acquired knowledge of the
choices, decision-makers tend to deviate from the obvious optimal decision when
their peers make similar decision which we call the influence decision, (2)
when the quantity of social signals vary over time, the forwarding probability
of the influence decision and therefore being responsive to social influence
does not necessarily correlate proportionally to the absolute quantity of
signals. To better understand how these rules of peer influence could be used
in modeling applications of real world diffusion and in networked environments,
we use our behavioral findings to simulate spreading dynamics in real world
case studies. We specifically try to see how cumulative influence plays out in
the presence of user uncertainty and measure its outcome on rumor diffusion,
which we model as an example of sub-optimal choice diffusion. Together, our
simulation results indicate that sequential peer effects from the influence
decision overcomes individual uncertainty to guide faster rumor diffusion over
time. However, when the rate of diffusion is slow in the beginning, user
uncertainty can have a substantial role compared to peer influence in deciding
the adoption trajectory of a piece of questionable information
Whose Advantage? Measuring Attention Dynamics across YouTube and Twitter on Controversial Topics
The ideological asymmetries have been recently observed in contested online
spaces, where conservative voices seem to be relatively more pronounced even
though liberals are known to have the population advantage on digital
platforms. Most prior research, however, focused on either one single platform
or one single political topic. Whether an ideological group garners more
attention across platforms and/or topics, and how the attention dynamics evolve
over time, have not been explored. In this work, we present a quantitative
study that links collective attention across two social platforms -- YouTube
and Twitter, centered on online activities surrounding popular videos of three
controversial political topics including Abortion, Gun control, and Black Lives
Matter over 16 months. We propose several sets of video-centric metrics to
characterize how online attention is accumulated for different ideological
groups. We find that neither side is on a winning streak: left-leaning videos
are overall more viewed, more engaging, but less tweeted than right-leaning
videos. The attention time series unfold quicker for left-leaning videos, but
span a longer time for right-leaning videos. Network analysis on the early
adopters and tweet cascades show that the information diffusion for
left-leaning videos tends to involve centralized actors; while that for
right-leaning videos starts earlier in the attention lifecycle. In sum, our
findings go beyond the static picture of ideological asymmetries in digital
spaces and provide a set of methods to quantify attention dynamics across
different social platforms.Comment: Accepted into ICWSM 2022. 11-page main paper and 11-page appendi
Review of value and lean in complex product development
Approaches are being developed to improve complex product development from the perspective of value generation. However, the ideas and their relationships are still not fully articulated. We provide a structured literature review, with a primary but not exclusive focus on value ideas relating to lean in complex system product development. A framework organizes the concepts, methods, and their relationships. It clarifies the value delivery mechanism and could help to understand and thus improve value systems. Areas deserving further research attention are identified.We wish to thank the reviewers and editor for their valuable feedback, which helped to substantially improve early ver-sions of this articleThis is the accepted manuscript for a paper published in Systems Engineering Volume 18, Issue 2, pages 192–207, March 2015, DOI: 10.1002/sys.2129
Organizational energy: A behavioral analysis of human and organizational factors in manufacturing
This paper seeks to explore the behavior and embodied energy involved in the decision-making of information technology/information systems (IT/IS) investments using a case within a small- to medium-sized manufacturing firm. By analyzing decision making within a given case context, this paper describes the nature of the investment through the lens of behavioral economics, causality, input-output (IO) equilibrium, and the general notion of depletion of executive energy function. To explore the interplay between these elements, the authors structure the case context via a morphological field in order to construct a fuzzy cognitive map of decision-making relationships relating to the multidimensional and nonquantifiable problems of IT/IS investment evaluation. Noting the significance of inputs and outputs relating to the investment decision within the case, the authors assess these cognitive interrelationships through the lens of the Leontief IO energy equilibrium model. Subsequently, the authors suggest, through an embodied energy audit, that all such management decisions are susceptible to decision fatigue (so-called 'ego depletion'). The findings of this paper highlight pertinent cognitive and IO paths of the investment decision-making process that will allow others making similar types of investments to learn from and draw parallels from such processes
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