Profile of academic entrepreneurship in Brazil: Evidence from the evaluation of former holders of undergraduate research, master and PhD scholarships

Purpose – This paper aims to understand, in the state of São Paulo academic environment, the differences between the profiles of academic entrepreneurs, nonacademic entrepreneurs and non-entrepreneurs. Design/methodology/approach – The authors collected data from a more comprehensive research, whose objective was to evaluate the scholarship programmes of São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP). For data collection, the authors used an online questionnaire, pre-filled with information from the Lattes Curriculum of the sample individuals, as well as information obtained from FAPESP and from coordination for the improvement of higher education personnel. The response rate of the questionnaires was 21 per cent. The authors sought to explore the variables regarding entrepreneurial activities carried out by former scholarship holders, by relating them to other key variables identified in the literature review and explained in the hypotheses. Findings – The results indicate that entrepreneurship rates decrease with the higher academic level of the researcher; in general, academic entrepreneurs come from families with a good financial situation, and applied sciences are the areas of knowledge with more entrepreneurs. Originality/value – Despite the great number of theoretical and empirical studies found in the literature on entrepreneurship and academic entrepreneurship, there is still a shortage of practical studies on this latter topic in Brazil. This gap is even more evident when the authors consider the significant growth of entrepreneurial activity in the country in the past years. This paper contributes to fill this gap, and it aims to understand, in the state of São Paulo academic environment, the differences between the profiles of academic entrepreneurs, nonacademic entrepreneurs and non-entrepreneurs

Système d'aide à la décision multicritère orienté Web pour la répartition des ressources des universités publiques brésiliennes

L'objectif principal de cette étude est de proposer un système d'aide à la décision multicritères orienté Web pour l'allocation interne des ressources dans les universités publiques brésiliennes afin de démontrer comment l'utilisation d'une méthode de décision multi-attributs appropriée pourrait améliorer la distribution d'un budget limité en utilisant une fonction de valeur additive combiné avec un système pour décentraliser la réalisation des tâches, afin d’augmenter la productivité des membres du groupe et pour améliorer la gestion des données en utilisant le Web. Ainsi, une université fédérale brésilienne a été choisie comme étalon afin d’avoir une application numérique du modèle multicritère développé. La disponibilité des données et la similitude avec un modèle général au Brésil nous a influencés pour ce choix. L'université analysée dans cette recherche à 21 unités administratives sectorielles (UAS) qui sont divisées par domaines, tels que les sciences humaines, les sciences biologiques, l'ingénierie, la faculté de médecine, etc., et chacune d'entre elles a des besoins budgétaires annuels. L'objectif est que l'application d'un modèle correct pour répartir le budget local entre ces unités puisse contribuer à la stratégie permanente de l'Université en matière d'allocation efficace et équitable des ressources. L'idée est que le système multicritère pourrait soutenir les décideurs, les parties prenantes qui participent au processus de décision et décentraliser la réalisation des tâches, puisque les SIAD orientés Web offrent des outils de recherche intelligents qui pourraient leur permettre de trouver et de gérer l'information rapidement et à peu de frais. En outre, il est important de souligner que le modèle présenté ici pourrait être étendu et utilisé par d'autres universités fédérales au Brésil ou dans d'autres pays, en adaptant les alternatives et les critères pour chaque cas spécifique. La principale préoccupation est de démontrer l'utilisation d'un DSS Web multicritères pour ce problème particulier.The allocation of scarce resources is a complex problem, especially when it comes to budget constraints. Thus, this work aims to propose a multicriteria web-based Decision Support System for resource allocation in the context of higher education organizations, more precisely, public universities that have budget constraints, such as Brazilian federal universities. To do so, a Brazilian federal university was chosen as an end-user to make a numerical application to validate the multicriteria model for resource allocation proposed and, afterward, a web-based DSS was developed. For the MCDM resource allocation model, an additive value function was considered to set the percentage of the total budget that every alternative should receive. The problem was seen as a special case of project portfolio selection problem because its approach is deemed to be appropriate for a resource allocation decision context. For the web-based DSS, the analysis was carried out by developing a DSS Database model to store and retrieve data, defining the user’s interface based on his detailed requirement analysis and using a web platform to transform the prototype into a web-based system. The results were achieved. The system provided a clear vision on how the resource allocation procedure works, the entire process became more transparent to the ones that are affected by it, to the decision makers and to the government, enabling them to take safer and reliable decisions, seeking to reduce uncertainties and to maximize their results. The multicriteria web-based DSS presented here could be extended and applied by other federal universities in Brazil or other countries, adapting the alternatives and criteria for each specific internal allocation model and to the DM needs

Experimental software engineering in educational context

Empirical studies are important in software engineering to evaluate new tools, techniques, methods and technologies in a structured way before they are introduced in the industrial (real) software process. Within this PhD thesis we will develop a framework of a consistent process for involving students as subjects of empirical studies of software engineering. In concrete, our experiences with software development teams composed of students will analyze how RUP (Rational Unified Process) processes can be compliant with the CMMI (Capability Maturity Model Integration), namely in the context of MLs (maturity levels) 2 and 3. Additionally, we will also analyze the influence of project management tools to improve the process maturity of the teams. Our final goal of carrying out empirical studies with students is to understand its validity when compared with the corresponding studies in real industrial settings

Soporte vital básico: evaluación del aprendizaje con uso de simulación y dispositivos de retroalimentación inmediata

Objetivo: avaliar o aprendizado de estudantes no curso online sobre suporte básico de vida com dispositivos de retroalimentação imediata, em simulação de atendimento em parada cardiorrespiratória. Método: pesquisa quase-experimental, do tipo antes-depois. Foi desenvolvido curso online sobre suporte básico e aplicado aos participantes, como intervenção educacional. O aprendizado teórico foi avaliado por meio de pré e pós-teste e, para verificar a prática, utilizou-se simulação com dispositivos de retroalimentação imediata. Resultados: 62 concluintes, sendo 87% mulheres, 90% do primeiro e segundo ano de faculdade, idade média de 21,47 (desvio-padrão 2,39). Com índice de confiabilidade de 95%, a média das notas no pré-teste foi 6,4 (desvio-padrão 1,61) e, no pós-teste, 9,3 (desvio-padrão 0,82), pObjetivo: evaluar el aprendizaje de estudiantes en curso online sobre soporte vital básico de vida con dispositivos de retroalimentación inmediata, en simulación de asistencia en paro cardiorrespiratorio. Método: investigación casi-experimental, del tipo antes-después. Se desarrolló un curso online sobre soporte básico y aplicado a los participantes, como intervención educacional. El aprendizaje teórico fue evaluado por medio de pre y pos-test y, para verificar la práctica, se utilizó una simulación con dispositivos de retroalimentación inmediata. Resultados: 62 graduados, el 87% mujeres, el 90% del primero y segundo año de facultad, edad media de 21.47 (desviación estándar 2.39). Con índice de confiabilidad del 95%, la media de las notas en pre-test fue de 6.4 (desviación estándar1.61) y, en pos-test, 9.3 (desviación estándar 0.82), pObjective: to evaluate students’ learning in an online course on basic life support with immediate feedback devices, during a simulation of care during cardiorespiratory arrest. Method: a quasi-experimental study, using a before-and-after design. An online course on basic life support was developed and administered to participants, as an educational intervention. Theoretical learning was evaluated by means of a pre- and post-test and, to verify the practice, simulation with immediate feedback devices was used. Results: there were 62 participants, 87% female, 90% in the first and second year of college, with a mean age of 21.47 (standard deviation 2.39). With a 95% confidence level, the mean scores in the pre-test were 6.4 (standard deviation 1.61), and 9.3 in the post-test (standard deviation 0.82,

Internacionalização e ensino superior: o caso da Universidade de Aveiro

Mestrado em GestãoEducation is the most successful strategy for a country’s growth and development. It is widely agreed that it is the most effective means that society possesses for dealing with the challenges of the future. Nevertheless, higher education has been confronted and needs, therefore, to redefine its historic role as the centre of universal knowledge and understanding. This master thesis analyses the importance of internationalisation on higher education institutions and enable us to better understand how they are changing as a consequence of internationalisation. Using the University of Aveiro as a case study, we will be studying what is internationalisation in a higher education context and which rationales, approaches and activities are associated with the internationalisation process of an institution. Furthermore, the appropriateness of theories of internationalisation specifically developed for business contexts will be assayed in higher education contexts.A educação é a estratégia mais bem-sucedida para o crescimento e desenvolvimento de um país. É o meio mais relevante que a sociedade possui para lidar com os desafios do futuro. Contudo, o ensino superior tem sido confrontado e necessita de redefinir o seu papel histórico enquanto centro de conhecimento e compreensão universal. Esta dissertação de mestrado analisa a importância da internacionalização nas instituições de ensino superior e permite-nos compreender a sua influência nas alterações das instituições. Usando o caso de estudo da Universidade de Aveiro, será analisado o conceito de internacionalização em contexto de ensino superior e os motivos, formas e actividades que estão associados ao processo de internacionalização de uma instituição. Mais ainda, será questionada a adequabilidade das teorias de internacionalização especialmente desenvolvidas em ambientes industriais a contextos de ensino superior

Advances in Education

Abstract-Entrepreneurship in biological sciences and biotechnology areas is a subject of study on the rise in Brazil. However there is a lack of work, studies and reports with different approaches exploring this issue. In case of developing countries it requires continuous assessments that may contribute to train future entrepreneurs and help on accelerating the development of these regions. Thus, in this work we performed a brief analysis on the profile of 24 students of four post-graduate programs in the discipline Scientific Production II: Formation of Entrepreneurs of a Brazilian federal university, evaluating the topic entrepreneurship at graduate and undergraduate levels. Our data infer the need of adjustments in the curricula of Brazilian undergraduate and postgraduate courses of biological, biomedical and healthcare areas to create an environment that encourages entrepreneurial individuals during their professional training at different academic levels to create Biotechnology companies and development on this specific area