238 research outputs found
LIPIcs, Volume 251, ITCS 2023, Complete Volume
LIPIcs, Volume 251, ITCS 2023, Complete Volum
Special Delivery: Programming with Mailbox Types (Extended Version)
The asynchronous and unidirectional communication model supported by
mailboxes is a key reason for the success of actor languages like Erlang and
Elixir for implementing reliable and scalable distributed systems. While many
actors may send messages to some actor, only the actor may (selectively)
receive from its mailbox. Although actors eliminate many of the issues stemming
from shared memory concurrency, they remain vulnerable to communication errors
such as protocol violations and deadlocks.
Mailbox types are a novel behavioural type system for mailboxes first
introduced for a process calculus by de'Liguoro and Padovani in 2018, which
capture the contents of a mailbox as a commutative regular expression. Due to
aliasing and nested evaluation contexts, moving from a process calculus to a
programming language is challenging.
This paper presents Pat, the first programming language design incorporating
mailbox types, and describes an algorithmic type system. We make essential use
of quasi-linear typing to tame some of the complexity introduced by aliasing.
Our algorithmic type system is necessarily co-contextual, achieved through a
novel use of backwards bidirectional typing, and we prove it sound and complete
with respect to our declarative type system. We implement a prototype type
checker, and use it to demonstrate the expressiveness of Pat on a factory
automation case study and a series of examples from the Savina actor benchmark
suite.Comment: Extended version of paper accepted to ICFP'2
The Self The Soul and The World: Affect Reason and Complexity
This book looks at the affective-cognitive roots of how the human mind inquires into the workings of nature and, more generally, how the mind confronts reality. Reality is an infinitely complex system, in virtue of which the mind can comprehend it only in bits and pieces, by making up interpretations of the myriads of signals received from the world by way of integrating those with information stored from the past. This constitutes a piecemeal interpretation by which we assemble our phenomenal reality. In perceiving the complex world and responding to it, the mind invokes the logic of affect and the logic of reason, the former mostly innate and implicit, and the latter generated consciously in explicit terms with reference to mind-independent relations between entities in nature. It is a strange combination of affect and reason that enables us to make decisions and inferences, --- the latter mostly of the inductive type --- thereby making possible the development of theories. Theories are our tool-kits for explaining and predicting phenomena, guiding us along in our journey in life. Theories, however, are defeasible, and need to be constantly updated, at times even radically. In this, the self and the soul are of enormous relevance. The former is the affect-based psychological engine driving all our mental processes, while the latter is the capacity of the conscious mind to examine and reconstruct the self by modulating repressed conflicts. If the soul remains inoperative, all our theories become misdirected and a rot spreads inexorably all around us
LIPIcs, Volume 261, ICALP 2023, Complete Volume
LIPIcs, Volume 261, ICALP 2023, Complete Volum
LIPIcs, Volume 274, ESA 2023, Complete Volume
LIPIcs, Volume 274, ESA 2023, Complete Volum
Computer Aided Verification
This open access two-volume set LNCS 13371 and 13372 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 34rd International Conference on Computer Aided Verification, CAV 2022, which was held in Haifa, Israel, in August 2022. The 40 full papers presented together with 9 tool papers and 2 case studies were carefully reviewed and selected from 209 submissions. The papers were organized in the following topical sections: Part I: Invited papers; formal methods for probabilistic programs; formal methods for neural networks; software Verification and model checking; hyperproperties and security; formal methods for hardware, cyber-physical, and hybrid systems. Part II: Probabilistic techniques; automata and logic; deductive verification and decision procedures; machine learning; synthesis and concurrency. This is an open access book
Review of Particle Physics
The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 2,143
new measurements from 709 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the
recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical
particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. Particle properties and search
limits are listed in Summary Tables. We give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs
Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology,
Particle Detectors, Colliders, Probability and Statistics. Among the 120 reviews are many that are new or heavily
revised, including a new review on Machine Learning, and one on Spectroscopy of Light Meson Resonances.
The Review is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 includes the Summary Tables and 97 review articles. Volume
2 consists of the Particle Listings and contains also 23 reviews that address specific aspects of the data presented
in the Listings.
The complete Review (both volumes) is published online on the website of the Particle Data Group (pdg.lbl.gov)
and in a journal. Volume 1 is available in print as the PDG Book. A Particle Physics Booklet with the Summary
Tables and essential tables, figures, and equations from selected review articles is available in print, as a web version
optimized for use on phones, and as an Android app.United States Department of Energy (DOE) DE-AC02-05CH11231government of Japan (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology)Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)Physical Society of Japan (JPS)European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN)United States Department of Energy (DOE
Z-Numbers-Based Approach to Hotel Service Quality Assessment
In this study, we are analyzing the possibility of using Z-numbers for
measuring the service quality and decision-making for quality improvement in the
hotel industry. Techniques used for these purposes are based on consumer evalu-
ations - expectations and perceptions. As a rule, these evaluations are expressed
in crisp numbers (Likert scale) or fuzzy estimates. However, descriptions of the
respondent opinions based on crisp or fuzzy numbers formalism not in all cases
are relevant. The existing methods do not take into account the degree of con-
fidence of respondents in their assessments. A fuzzy approach better describes
the uncertainties associated with human perceptions and expectations. Linguis-
tic values are more acceptable than crisp numbers. To consider the subjective
natures of both service quality estimates and confidence degree in them, the two-
component Z-numbers Z = (A, B) were used. Z-numbers express more adequately
the opinion of consumers. The proposed and computationally efficient approach
(Z-SERVQUAL, Z-IPA) allows to determine the quality of services and iden-
tify the factors that required improvement and the areas for further development.
The suggested method was applied to evaluate the service quality in small and
medium-sized hotels in Turkey and Azerbaijan, illustrated by the example
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