75,813 research outputs found
Automatic Prediction Of Small Group Performance In Information Sharing Tasks
In this paper, we describe a novel approach, based on Markov jump processes,
to model small group conversational dynamics and to predict small group
performance. More precisely, we estimate conversational events such as turn
taking, backchannels, turn-transitions at the micro-level (1 minute windows)
and then we bridge the micro-level behavior and the macro-level performance. We
tested our approach with a cooperative task, the Information Sharing task, and
we verified the relevance of micro- level interaction dynamics in determining a
good group performance (e.g. higher speaking turns rate and more balanced
participation among group members).Comment: Presented at Collective Intelligence conference, 2012
(arXiv:1204.2991
Human Motion Trajectory Prediction: A Survey
With growing numbers of intelligent autonomous systems in human environments,
the ability of such systems to perceive, understand and anticipate human
behavior becomes increasingly important. Specifically, predicting future
positions of dynamic agents and planning considering such predictions are key
tasks for self-driving vehicles, service robots and advanced surveillance
systems. This paper provides a survey of human motion trajectory prediction. We
review, analyze and structure a large selection of work from different
communities and propose a taxonomy that categorizes existing methods based on
the motion modeling approach and level of contextual information used. We
provide an overview of the existing datasets and performance metrics. We
discuss limitations of the state of the art and outline directions for further
research.Comment: Submitted to the International Journal of Robotics Research (IJRR),
37 page
Neutrino-Nucleus Reactions
Neutrino-nucleus reactions as applied to astrophysics are reviewed.Comment: 74,USC(NT)-93-
The Casimir effect: from quantum to critical fluctuations
The Casimir effect in quantum electrodynamics (QED) is perhaps the best-known
example of fluctuation-induced long-ranged force acting on objects (conducting
plates) immersed in a fluctuating medium (quantum electromagnetic field in
vacuum). A similar effect emerges in statistical physics, where the force
acting, e.g., on colloidal particles immersed in a binary liquid mixture is
affected by the classical thermal fluctuations occurring in the surrounding
medium. The resulting Casimir-like force acquires universal features upon
approaching a critical point of the medium and becomes long-ranged at
criticality. In turn, this universality allows one to investigate theoretically
the temperature dependence of the force via representative models and to
stringently test the corresponding predictions in experiments. In contrast to
QED, the Casimir force resulting from critical fluctuations can be easily tuned
with respect to strength and sign by surface treatments and temperature
control. We present some recent advances in the theoretical study of the
universal properties of the critical Casimir force arising in thin films. The
corresponding predictions compare very well with the experimental results
obtained for wetting layers of various fluids. We discuss how the Casimir force
between a colloidal particle and a planar wall immersed in a binary liquid
mixture has been measured with femto-Newton accuracy, comparing these
experimental results with the corresponding theoretical predictions.Comment: Talk delivered at the International Workshop "60 Years of Casimir
Effect", Brasilia, 23-27 June 2008 (17 pages, 7 figures
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