2,781 research outputs found
Introduction to Psychology
Introduction to Psychology is a modified version of Psychology 2e - OpenStax
Under construction: infrastructure and modern fiction
In this dissertation, I argue that infrastructural development, with its technological promises but widening geographic disparities and social and environmental consequences, informs both the narrative content and aesthetic forms of modernist and contemporary Anglophone fiction. Despite its prevalent material formsâroads, rails, pipes, and wiresâinfrastructure poses particular formal and narrative problems, often receding into the background as mere setting. To address how literary fiction theorizes the experience of infrastructure requires reading âinfrastructurallyâ: that is, paying attention to the seemingly mundane interactions between characters and their built environments. The writers central to this projectâJames Joyce, William Faulkner, Karen Tei Yamashita, and Mohsin Hamidâtake up the representational challenges posed by infrastructure by bringing transit networks, sanitation systems, and electrical grids and the histories of their development and use into the foreground. These writers call attention to the political dimensions of built environments, revealing the ways infrastructures produce, reinforce, and perpetuate racial and socioeconomic fault lines. They also attempt to formalize the material relations of power inscribed by and within infrastructure; the novel itself becomes an imaginary counterpart to the technologies of infrastructure, a form that shapes and constrains what types of social action and affiliation are possible
Tracing the Creative Influence of Samuel Beckettâs âPsychology Notesâ: The âThree Novelsâ and Krappâs Last Tape
Sammendrag
Avhandlingens hovedargument er at notatkorpuset om psykologiske og spesielt psykoanalytiske emner som Samuel Beckett utarbeidet i 1934-1935 mens han var i terapi hos Wilfred Bion representerer en sentral og vedvarende innflytelse pĂ„ hans litterĂŠre verk. Den umiddelbare anvendelsen av disse psykologinotatene i arbeidet med romanen Murphy er velkjent, men avhandlingen gjennomgĂ„r denne opprinnelige kreative bruken pĂ„ nytt for Ă„ vise hvordan Beckett etablerer en form for parodisk overdrevet bruk av det lĂŠrebokaktige sprĂ„ket i mange av kildene som han hentet sine notater fra. Dette indikerer en kritisk avstandstagen fra psykoanalysen som disiplin, som ogsĂ„ fĂžrte til en plutselig avslutning av det terapeutiske forholdet til Bion in 1935. De to fĂžrste kapitlene i avhandlingen diskuterer konteksten for komposisjonen av psykologinotatene og diskuterer en rekke kreativt sentrale tematikker for Beckett. En ledetrĂ„d for diskusjonen er at Becketts tilnĂŠrming til det psykoanalytiske lĂŠreboksprĂ„ket fungerte bĂ„de tiltrekkende og motstandsgivende for ham som forfatter. PĂ„ den ene siden finner vi bĂ„de i Becketts tekster og i psykoanalysen en fascinasjon for det avskyvekkende, mens pĂ„ den annen side kan vi spore hos Beckett en bevisst motstand mot psykoanalysens forpliktelse til Ă„ sĂžke mot helbredelse, kontroll og meningsfullhet. Becketts tekster iscenesetter en avvisning av det psykoanalytiske sprĂ„ket som et feilslĂ„tt medium for Ă„ skrive om selvet, gjennom sin ironiske undergraving av psykoanalysens kognitive, autoritetsbaserte og terapeutiske utgangspunkt. Implikasjonene av dette utvikles i avhandlingen gjennom en nĂŠrlesing av romanene Molloy, Malone meurt/Malone Dies and LâInnommable/The Unnamable, og det korte teaterstykket Krappâs Last Tape. I denne lesningen behandles Becketts psykologinotater som genetisk kildemateriale som fortsatt ble anvendt kreativt lenge etter de opprinnelig ble komponert. Avhandlingen tar utgangspunkt i en mest mulig empirisk etterprĂžvbar og manuskriptgenetisk tilnĂŠrming til kildene, med utstrakt bruk av Samuel Beckett Digital Manuscript Project og andre arkivressurser som stĂžtte for sin argumentasjon. Men et pragmatisk forhold til behandlingen av tekstlig innflytelse som gĂ„r utover det som kan fĂžres sikre bevis for er ogsĂ„ nĂždvendig, for en viss grad av usikkerhet er umulig Ă„ unngĂ„. Likevel fastslĂ„r avhandlingen at en nylesning av disse verkene av Beckett med utgangspunkt i hans egne psykologinotater kan bĂ„de utvide og korrigere fokuset i den eksisterende faglitteraturen. Videre har det kritiske fokuset og opptreningen som denne avhandlingen presenterer ogsĂ„ et potensiale til Ă„ kunne generere en ny litteraturkritisk tilnĂŠrming til alle verkene i Becketts karriere som ble skrevet etter psykologinotatene.Abstract
This study argues that the corpus of notes on psychological and especially psychoanalytic topics composed by Samuel Beckett in 1934-1935 during his therapy with Wilfred Bion represents a crucial and continuous creative influence on his literary work. While the immediate use of the âPsychology Notesâ in the writing of Murphy is well established, it is revisited here to suggest that this initial creative deployment is characterized by a parodic over-indulgence in the âtextbookâ language of the sources Beckett was drawing on. This indicates a critical distancing from the discipline of psychoanalysis that also manifested itself in a sudden disruption of his therapy with Wilfred Bion in 1935. Drawing on the original context of the composition of the Notes, and developing a taxonomy of creatively important themes for Beckett, the first two chapters of the thesis trace a formative attraction-repulsion ambivalence in Beckettâs approach to the use of psychoanalytic textbook language in his writing. On the one hand, there is a shared obsession with âabjectionâ between Beckettâs texts and the discipline of psychoanalysis, whereas on the other, the commitment to cure, control and meaning in psychoanalysis is being resisted in Beckettâs texts. Beckettâs later texts stage the rejection and failure of the psychoanalytic language as medium of writing the âselfâ by ironically subverting its cognitive, authoritative and therapeutic purposes. This argument is developed through detailed close readings of the âThree Novelsâ (Molloy, Malone meurt/Malone Dies and LâInnommable/The Unnamable) and the short play Krappâs Last Tape, treating the âPsychology Notesâ as genetic source material that continued to be actively deployed long after its initial composition and creative impact. While the thesis is based on an empirical, genetic approach, making extensive use of the Samuel Beckett Digital Manuscript Project and other archival sources, its approach is also pragmatic in its approach to influence, recognizing that conclusive evidence of intertextual relationships is not always possible to establish. Nonetheless, re-reading these Beckett works with the Notes to hand can both expand upon and correct the emphases of previous scholarship on these texts. Ultimately, the critical focus and training provided by this thesis is therefore intended to provide a scholarly tool for re-engaging all of Beckettâs post-Notes work.Doktorgradsavhandlin
Ancient philosophy and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
The aim of this thesis is to contribute to literature supporting the psychotherapeutic value of philosophy and the philosophical foundation of psychotherapy. For this purpose, I compare ancient philosophical theories with Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), in the context of three areas which are central to mental wellbeing: self-knowledge, cognition and values.
In the first chapter I focus on similarities between self-knowledge in Plato and CBT, which include that it is integral for a meaningful life, and it involves knowledge of what is good. I focus on self-knowledge as self-constitution, on stages of self-knowledge and on the objectivity of self-knowledge in Plato and CBT.
The second chapter concerns cognitions in Stoicism and CBT. This comparison demonstrates the equivalent role which cognitions have in the development of psychopathology and the promotion of mental wellbeing, in Stoicism and CBT. I also identify similarities in terms of treatment, particularly relating to cognitive restructuring. I dedicate a section on the presentation of Stoic notions which are equivalent to core beliefs in CBT.
Finally, I compare how Aristotle and CBT address human values. Similarities and differences are identified relating to key elements of Aristotleâs theory of value including the human good, virtues, and methods of knowing what to do, including induction and rational deliberation. I then focus on the implications of value imprecision in Aristotleâs theory and CBT. In each area, similarities point towards the therapeutic value of philosophy, which contributes to research demonstrating that a refocus on the practical utility and significance of philosophy is long overdue
American Literatures After 1865
This work was created as part of the University Librariesâ Open Educational Resources Initiative at the University of MissouriâSt. Louis.
A web version of this text can be found at https://umsystem.pressbooks.pub/ala1865/.
This book is an anthology of American Literatures After 1865, a new revision of the open educational resource entitled Writing the Nation: A Concise Introduction to American Literature 1865 to Present. It contains works that have been newly introduced to the public domain and provides direct links to reading materials that can be borrowed for free from Archive.org
Voicing Kinship with Machines: Diffractive Empathetic Listening to Synthetic Voices in Performance.
This thesis contributes to the field of voice studies by analyzing the design and production of synthetic voices in performance. The work explores six case studies, consisting of different performative experiences of the last decade (2010- 2020) that featured synthetic voice design. It focusses on the political and social impact of synthetic voices, starting from yet challenging the concepts of voice in the machine and voice of the machine. The synthetic voices explored are often playing the role of simulated artificial intelligences, therefore this thesis expands its questions towards technology at large. The analysis of the case studies follows new materialist and posthumanist premises, yet it tries to confute the patriarchal and neoliberal approach towards technological development through feminist and de-colonial approaches, developing a taxonomy for synthetic voices in performance. Chapter 1 introduces terms and explains the taxonomy. Chapter 2 looks at familiar representations of fictional AI. Chapter 3 introduces headphone theatre exploring immersive practices. Chapters 4 and 5 engage with chatbots. Chapter 6 goes in depth exploring Human and Artificial Intelligence interaction, whereas chapter 7 moves slightly towards music production and live art. The body of the thesis includes the work of Pipeline Theatre, Rimini Protokoll, Annie Dorsen, BeguÌm Erciyas, and Holly Herndon. The analysis is informed by posthumanism, feminism, and performance studies, starting from my own practice as sound designer and singer, looking at aesthetics of reproduction, audience engagement, and voice composition. This thesis has been designed to inspire and provoke practitioners and scholars to explore synthetic voices further, question predominant biases of binarism and acknowledge their importance in redefining technology
Organic Leadership Training: A Training and Assessment Program for Potential House Church Leaders
This action research thesis project engaged non-professionally trained Christians who worked through the early stages of Christian leadership development and house church planting. The project utilized a six-week training program in which participants hosted a prayer meeting, chose a confession, led a Bible study, designed an outreach ministry, hosted a worship meeting, and drafted future house church resolutions and a community rule. The participants engaged in a weekly targeted spiritual discipline to foster spiritual formation. Data were collected through journaling, entrance and exit questionnaires, activity guides, post-activity questionnaires, and participant-observations. The research indicates that organic leadership training inspires confidence in emergent leaders and is valuable in developing leadership competencies. The research also indicates that Christian leaders in the early stages of their development benefit from a small, personal environment like a home and support and encouragement provided by an experienced leader. The program was designed with participant experimentation in mind illuminating unique solutions to house church planting challenges. This approach also fostered greater self-awareness of the participant\u27s leadership style. In conclusion, organic leadership training combined with the simple ecclesiastical environment of the home offers an excellent strategy for competency development, leadership assessment, and low-cost, low-risk church planting
Locating gender in space: Emily Dickinson's conception of gender
In her poems, Emily Dickinson defines, locates, reshapes, and forms new concepts of gender. She achieves this by employing spatial metaphors and images that locate female identity in a new territory. Her poetry overcomes gendered dualisms and dichotomies by unmasking opposites as constructs and by accommodating them within the same sphere. As the spaces in Dickinsonâs poems are abstract, strangely limitless, and ambiguous in their dimensions, her new female subjects have to reside in a paradoxical space. This paradoxical mapping allows for conceptualizations of identity as being simultaneously at the center and at the margin of a certain space, being at once inside and outside. In Dickinsonâs nineteenth-century New England, the spaces of nature, the house, and the grave or afterlife are highly saturated with cultural and ideological meaning. Therefore, the transgression of boundaries between nature and culture, the public and the private, and life and death bestows Dickinsonâs speakers with power, freedom, and a sense of the arbitrariness of the concepts attached to these boundaries. Through the exploitation of marginal spaces such as swamps, closets, the space within walls, and the dead body, Dickinson relocates desire and relationships between men and women. By reorganizing the asymmetrical attributions of power and gender to which her speakers are subjected, Dickinson carves out space for unconventional identities and rebellious acts
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