5 research outputs found
Kommunikation und Bildverarbeitung in der Automation
In diesem Open-Access-Tagungsband sind die besten Beiträge des 9. Jahreskolloquiums "Kommunikation in der Automation" (KommA 2018) und des 6. Jahreskolloquiums "Bildverarbeitung in der Automation" (BVAu 2018) enthalten. Die Kolloquien fanden am 20. und 21. November 2018 in der SmartFactoryOWL, einer gemeinsamen Einrichtung des Fraunhofer IOSB-INA und der Technischen Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe statt. Die vorgestellten neuesten Forschungsergebnisse auf den Gebieten der industriellen Kommunikationstechnik und Bildverarbeitung erweitern den aktuellen Stand der Forschung und Technik. Die in den Beiträgen enthaltenen anschaulichen Beispiele aus dem Bereich der Automation setzen die Ergebnisse in den direkten Anwendungsbezug
Internet of Things From Hype to Reality
The Internet of Things (IoT) has gained significant mindshare, let alone attention, in academia and the industry especially over the past few years. The reasons behind this interest are the potential capabilities that IoT promises to offer. On the personal level, it paints a picture of a future world where all the things in our ambient environment are connected to the Internet and seamlessly communicate with each other to operate intelligently. The ultimate goal is to enable objects around us to efficiently sense our surroundings, inexpensively communicate, and ultimately create a better environment for us: one where everyday objects act based on what we need and like without explicit instructions
Tester for chosen sub-standard of the IEEE 802.1Q
Tato práce se zabĂ˝vá analyzovánĂm IEEE 802.1Q standardu TSN skupiny a návrhem testovacĂho modulu. TestovacĂ modul je napsán v jazyku VHDL a je moĹľnĂ© jej implementovat do Intel Stratix® V GX FPGA (5SGXEA7N2F45C2) vĂ˝vojovĂ© desky. Standard IEEE 802.1Q (TSN) definuje deterministickou komunikace pĹ™es Ethernet sĂt, v reálnĂ©m ÄŤase, poĹľĂvánĂm globálnĂho ÄŤasu a správnĂ˝m rozvrhem vysĂlánĂm a pĹ™Ăjmem zpráv. HlavnĂ funkce tohoto standardu jsou: ÄŤasová synchronizace, plánovánĂ provozu a konfigurace sĂtÄ›. KaĹľdá z tÄ›chto funkcĂ je definovaná pomocĂ vĂce rĹŻznĂ˝ch podskupin tohoto standardu. Podle definice IEEE 802.1Q standardu je moĹľno tyto podskupiny vzájemnÄ› libovolnÄ› kombinovat. NÄ›kterĂ© podskupiny standardu nemohou fungovat nezávisle, musĂ vyuĹľĂvat funkce jinĂ˝ch podskupin standardu. Realizace funkce podskupin standardu je moĹľná softwarovÄ›, hardwarovÄ›, nebo jejich kombinacĂ. Na základÄ› výše uvedenĂ˝ch fakt, implementace podskupin standardu, kterĂ© jsou softwarovÄ› souvisejĂcĂ, byly vylouÄŤenĂ©. Taky byly vylouÄŤenĂ© podskupiny standardĹŻ, kterĂ© jsou závislĂ© na jinĂ˝ch podskupinách. IEEE 802.1Qbu byl vybrán jako vhodná část pro realizaci hardwarovĂ©ho testu. RĹŻznĂ© zpĹŻsoby testovánĂ byly vysvÄ›tleny jako DFT, BIST, ATPG a dalšà jinĂ© techniky. Pro hardwarovĂ© testovánĂ byla vybrána „Protocol Aware (PA)“technika, protoĹľe tato technika zrychluje testovánĂ, dovoluje opakovanou pouĹľitelnost a taky zkracuje dobu uvedenĂ na trh. TestovacĂ modul se skládá ze dvou objektĹŻ (generátor a monitor), kterĂ© majĂ implementovanou IEEE 802.1Qbu podskupinu standardu. Funkce generátoru je vygenerovat náhodnĂ© nebo nenáhodnĂ© impulzy a potom je poslat do testovanĂ©ho zaĹ™Ăzeni ve správnĂ©m definovanĂ©m protokolu. Funkce monitoru je pĹ™ijat ethernet rámce a ověřit jejich správnost. Objekty jsou navrhnuty stejnĂ˝m zpĹŻsobem na „TOP“úrovni a skládajĂ se ze ÄŤtyĹ™ modulĹŻ: Avalon MM rozhranĂ, dvou šablon a jednoho portu. Avalon MM rozhranĂ bylo vytvoĹ™eno pro komunikaci softwaru s hardwarem. Tento modul pĹ™ijme pakety ze softwaru a potom je dekĂłduje podle definovanĂ©ho protokolu a „pod-protokolu “. „Pod-protokol“se skládá z pĹ™Ăkazu a hodnoty danĂ©ho pĹ™Ăkazu. Podle dekĂłdovanĂ©ho pĹ™Ăkazu a hodnot danĂ˝ch pĹ™Ăkazem je kontrolovanĂ˝ celĂ˝ objekt. Ĺ ablona se pouĹľĂvá na generovánĂ nebo ověřovánĂ náhodnĂ˝ch nebo nenáhodnĂ˝ch dat. DvÄ› šablony byly implementovány pro expresnĂ ověřovánĂ nebo preempÄŤnĂ transakce, definovanĂ© IEEE 802.1Qbu. Porty byly vytvoĹ™enĂ© pro komunikaci mezi testovanĂ˝m zaĹ™ĂzenĂm a šablonou podle danĂ©ho standardu. Port „generátor“má za Ăşkol vybrat a vyslat rámce podle priority a ÄŤasu vysĂlanĂ. Port „monitor“pĹ™ijme rámce do „content-addressable memory”, která ověřuje priority rámce a podle toho je posĂlá do správnĂ© šablony. VĂ˝sledky prokázaly, Ĺľe tato testovacĂ technika dosahuje vysokĂ© rychlosti a rychlĂ© implementace.This master paper is dealing with the analysis of IEEE 802.1Q group of TSN standards and with the design of HW tester. Standard IEEE 802.1Qbu has appeared to be an optimal solution for this paper. Detail explanation of this sub-standard are included in this paper. As HW test the implementation, a protocol aware technique was chosen in order to accelerate testing. Paper further describes architecture of this tester, with detail explanation of the modules. Essential issue of protocol aware controlling objects by SW, have been resolved and described. Result proof that this technique has reached higher speed of testing, reusability, and fast implementation.
IP and ATM integration: A New paradigm in multi-service internetworking
ATM is a widespread technology adopted by many to support advanced data communication, in particular efficient Internet services provision. The expected challenges of multimedia communication together with the increasing massive utilization of IP-based applications urgently require redesign of networking solutions in terms of both new functionalities and enhanced performance. However, the networking context is affected by so many changes, and to some extent chaotic growth, that any approach based on a structured and complex top-down architecture is unlikely to be applicable. Instead, an approach based on finding out the best match between realistic service requirements and the pragmatic, intelligent use of technical opportunities made available by the product market seems more appropriate. By following this approach, innovations and improvements can be introduced at different times, not necessarily complying with each other according to a coherent overall design. With the aim of pursuing feasible innovations in the different networking aspects, we look at both IP and ATM internetworking in order to investigating a few of the most crucial topics/ issues related to the IP and ATM integration perspective. This research would also address various means of internetworking the Internet Protocol (IP) and Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) with an objective of identifying the best possible means of delivering Quality of Service (QoS) requirements for multi-service applications, exploiting the meritorious features that IP and ATM have to offer. Although IP and ATM often have been viewed as competitors, their complementary strengths and limitations from a natural alliance that combines the best aspects of both the technologies. For instance, one limitation of ATM networks has been the relatively large gap between the speed of the network paths and the control operations needed to configure those data paths to meet changing user needs. IP\u27s greatest strength, on the other hand, is the inherent flexibility and its capacity to adapt rapidly to changing conditions. These complementary strengths and limitations make it natural to combine IP with ATM to obtain the best that each has to offer. Over time many models and architectures have evolved for IP/ATM internetworking and they have impacted the fundamental thinking in internetworking IP and ATM. These technologies, architectures, models and implementations will be reviewed in greater detail in addressing possible issues in integrating these architectures s in a multi-service, enterprise network. The objective being to make recommendations as to the best means of interworking the two in exploiting the salient features of one another to provide a faster, reliable, scalable, robust, QoS aware network in the most economical manner. How IP will be carried over ATM when a commercial worldwide ATM network is deployed is not addressed and the details of such a network still remain in a state of flux to specify anything concrete. Our research findings culminated with a strong recommendation that the best model to adopt, in light of the impending integrated service requirements of future multi-service environments, is an ATM core with IP at the edges to realize the best of both technologies in delivering QoS guarantees in a seamless manner to any node in the enterprise