57,869 research outputs found
A review of ten years of implementation and research in aligning learning design with learning analytics at the Open University UK
There is an increased recognition that learning design drives both student learning experience and quality enhancements of teaching and learning. The Open University UK (OU) has been one of few institutions that have explicitly and systematically captured the designs for learning at a large scale. By applying advanced analytical techniques on large and fine-grained datasets, the OU has been unpacking the complexity of instructional practices, as well as providing conceptual and empirical evidence of how learning design influences student behaviour, satisfaction, and performance. This study discusses the implementation of learning design at the OU in the last ten years, and critically reviews empirical evidence from eight recent large-scale studies that have linked learning design with learning analytics. Four future research themes are identified to support future adoptions of learning design approaches
The acquisition of English L2 prosody by Italian native speakers: experimental data and pedagogical implications
This paper investigates Yes-No question intonation patterns in English L2, Italian L1, and
English L1. The aim is to test the hypothesis that L2 learners may show different
acquisition strategies for different dimensions of intonation, and particularly the
phonological and phonetic components. The study analyses the nuclear intonation
contours of 4 target English words and 4 comparable Italian words consisting of sonorant
segments, stressed on the semi-final or final syllable, and occurring in Yes-No questions
in sentence-final position (e.g., Will you attend the memorial?, Hai sentito la Melania?).
The words were contained in mini-dialogues of question-answer pairs, and read 5 times
by 4 Italian speakers (Padova area, North-East Italy) and 3 English female speakers
(London area, UK). The results show that: 1) different intonation patterns may be used to
realize the same grammatical function; 2) different developmental processes are at work,
including transfer of L1 categories and the acquisition of L2 phonological categories.
These results suggest that the phonetic dimension of L2 intonation may be more difficult
to learn than the phonological one
Paths to politeness: Exploring how professional interpreters develop an understanding of politeness norms in British Sign Language and English
BerlinRachel Mapson - ORCID 0000-0003-0400-6576
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0400-6576This chapter explores how bimodal bilinguals acquire and develop their
awareness of politeness in British Sign Language (BSL). Drawing on data
collected through semi-structured group discussions involving eight highly
experienced BSL/English interpreters the chapter focuses on how the
participants learned about linguistic politeness in BSL and how this
contrasts with their acquisition of English politeness norms. The data
indicate how different paths to the acquisition of linguistic politeness might
affect understanding of it. The experience of interpreters from Deaf family
backgrounds, who acquired BSL as their first language, contrasts with those
who learned BSL formally, as an additional language, as adults. Although
both groups of participants acquired knowledge of politeness in similar
arenas, the languages they were exposed to in these environments differed
and intra-group experiences were heterogeneous. The data highlight the
difficulty of learning politeness norms in an L2, with participants reporting a
lack of explicit focus on politeness in BSL classes and interpreter training
programmes. This may reflect the lack of literature on politeness in signed
language, and on BSL in particular. Both groups of interpreters reported
experiences involving the negative transfer of L1 politeness norms. Data
indicate that the different modalities of BSL and English may facilitate
transferability rather than restrict it, with one affordance being the âblended
transferâ of non-manual politeness features associated with BSL which may
be performed simultaneously with spoken English.caslpub4749pu
Analysing lexical richness in French learner language: what frequency lists and teacher judgements can tell us about basic and advanced words
We show how teacher judgements can be used to assess the quality of vocabulary used by L2 learners of French
The development of apologies in the Japanese L2 of adult English native speakers
The present paper focuses on the use of seven apologies strategies in the Japanese of 20 adult, high-intermediate English learners/users of Japanese. Nine of these learners had spent a minimum of two years in Japan. The proportions of apology strategies produced by the two groups of learners in response to 8 situations presented to them in a Discourse Completion Test (DCT) were compared with data obtained from a control group of 14 Japanese L1 participants and a control group of 12 British English L1 participants. In total, 1999 tokens of apology strategies were collected. Statistical analyses and an analysis of lexical items allowed us to describe the learnersâ development and the effect of the stay in Japan
Structured evaluation of virtual environments for special-needs education
This paper describes the development of a structured approach to evaluate experiential and communication virtual learning environments (VLEs) designed specifically for use in the education of children with severe learning difficulties at the Shepherd special needs school in Nottingham, UK. Constructivist learning theory was used as a basis for the production of an evaluation framework, used to evaluate the design of three VLEs and how they were used by students with respect to this learning theory. From an observational field study of student-teacher pairs using the VLEs, 18 behaviour categories were identified as relevant to five of the seven constructivist principles defined by Jonassen (1994). Analysis of student-teacher behaviour was used to provide support for, or against, the constructivist principles. The results show that the three VLEs meet the constructivist principles in very different ways and recommendations for design modifications are put forward
R&D and exporting: A comparison of British and Irish firms
This paper investigates the two way relationship between R&D and export activity. In particular, we concern ourselves with the question whether R&D stimulates exports and, perhaps more importantly, whether export activity leads to increasing innovative activity in terms of R&D (learning by exporting). We use two unique firm level databases for Great Britain and the Republic of Ireland and compare the results for these two countries. We find that previous exporting experience enhances the innovative capability of Irish firms. Conversely, no strong learning-by-exporting effects are found for British firms. Arguably the differences between Ireland and Britain are attributable to different, cross-country exporting patterns where Irish firms have a greater interface with OECD markets.learning effects, exporting, innovation, R&D
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