3,386 research outputs found
Accelerating Materials Development via Automation, Machine Learning, and High-Performance Computing
Successful materials innovations can transform society. However, materials
research often involves long timelines and low success probabilities,
dissuading investors who have expectations of shorter times from bench to
business. A combination of emergent technologies could accelerate the pace of
novel materials development by 10x or more, aligning the timelines of
stakeholders (investors and researchers), markets, and the environment, while
increasing return-on-investment. First, tool automation enables rapid
experimental testing of candidate materials. Second, high-throughput computing
(HPC) concentrates experimental bandwidth on promising compounds by predicting
and inferring bulk, interface, and defect-related properties. Third, machine
learning connects the former two, where experimental outputs automatically
refine theory and help define next experiments. We describe state-of-the-art
attempts to realize this vision and identify resource gaps. We posit that over
the coming decade, this combination of tools will transform the way we perform
materials research. There are considerable first-mover advantages at stake,
especially for grand challenges in energy and related fields, including
computing, healthcare, urbanization, water, food, and the environment.Comment: 22 pages, 3 figure
Artificial Intelligence in Material Engineering: A review on applications of AI in Material Engineering
Recently, there has been extensive use of artificial Intelligence (AI) in the
field of material engineering. This can be attributed to the development of
high performance computing and thereby feasibility to test deep learning models
with large parameters. In this article we tried to review some of the latest
developments in the applications of AI in material engineering.Comment: V
Machine learning for accelerating the discovery of high performance low-cost solar cells: a systematic review
Solar photovoltaic (PV) technology has merged as an efficient and versatile
method for converting the Sun's vast energy into electricity. Innovation in
developing new materials and solar cell architectures is required to ensure
lightweight, portable, and flexible miniaturized electronic devices operate for
long periods with reduced battery demand. Recent advances in biomedical
implantable and wearable devices have coincided with a growing interest in
efficient energy-harvesting solutions. Such devices primarily rely on
rechargeable batteries to satisfy their energy needs. Moreover, Artificial
Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) techniques are touted as game
changers in energy harvesting, especially in solar energy materials. In this
article, we systematically review a range of ML techniques for optimizing the
performance of low-cost solar cells for miniaturized electronic devices. Our
systematic review reveals that these ML techniques can expedite the discovery
of new solar cell materials and architectures. In particular, this review
covers a broad range of ML techniques targeted at producing low-cost solar
cells. Moreover, we present a new method of classifying the literature
according to data synthesis, ML algorithms, optimization, and fabrication
process. In addition, our review reveals that the Gaussian Process Regression
(GPR) ML technique with Bayesian Optimization (BO) enables the design of the
most promising low-solar cell architecture. Therefore, our review is a critical
evaluation of existing ML techniques and is presented to guide researchers in
discovering the next generation of low-cost solar cells using ML techniques
Artificial intelligence : A powerful paradigm for scientific research
Y Artificial intelligence (AI) coupled with promising machine learning (ML) techniques well known from computer science is broadly affecting many aspects of various fields including science and technology, industry, and even our day-to-day life. The ML techniques have been developed to analyze high-throughput data with a view to obtaining useful insights, categorizing, predicting, and making evidence-based decisions in novel ways, which will promote the growth of novel applications and fuel the sustainable booming of AI. This paper undertakes a comprehensive survey on the development and application of AI in different aspects of fundamental sciences, including information science, mathematics, medical science, materials science, geoscience, life science, physics, and chemistry. The challenges that each discipline of science meets, and the potentials of AI techniques to handle these challenges, are discussed in detail. Moreover, we shed light on new research trends entailing the integration of AI into each scientific discipline. The aim of this paper is to provide a broad research guideline on fundamental sciences with potential infusion of AI, to help motivate researchers to deeply understand the state-of-the-art applications of AI-based fundamental sciences, and thereby to help promote the continuous development of these fundamental sciences.Peer reviewe
Machine Learning Research Trends in Africa: A 30 Years Overview with Bibliometric Analysis Review
In this paper, a critical bibliometric analysis study is conducted, coupled
with an extensive literature survey on recent developments and associated
applications in machine learning research with a perspective on Africa. The
presented bibliometric analysis study consists of 2761 machine learning-related
documents, of which 98% were articles with at least 482 citations published in
903 journals during the past 30 years. Furthermore, the collated documents were
retrieved from the Science Citation Index EXPANDED, comprising research
publications from 54 African countries between 1993 and 2021. The bibliometric
study shows the visualization of the current landscape and future trends in
machine learning research and its application to facilitate future
collaborative research and knowledge exchange among authors from different
research institutions scattered across the African continent
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