1,264 research outputs found
Security and Privacy for Modern Wireless Communication Systems
The aim of this reprint focuses on the latest protocol research, software/hardware development and implementation, and system architecture design in addressing emerging security and privacy issues for modern wireless communication networks. Relevant topics include, but are not limited to, the following: deep-learning-based security and privacy design; covert communications; information-theoretical foundations for advanced security and privacy techniques; lightweight cryptography for power constrained networks; physical layer key generation; prototypes and testbeds for security and privacy solutions; encryption and decryption algorithm for low-latency constrained networks; security protocols for modern wireless communication networks; network intrusion detection; physical layer design with security consideration; anonymity in data transmission; vulnerabilities in security and privacy in modern wireless communication networks; challenges of security and privacy in node–edge–cloud computation; security and privacy design for low-power wide-area IoT networks; security and privacy design for vehicle networks; security and privacy design for underwater communications networks
Adversarial Attacks and Defenses in Machine Learning-Powered Networks: A Contemporary Survey
Adversarial attacks and defenses in machine learning and deep neural network
have been gaining significant attention due to the rapidly growing applications
of deep learning in the Internet and relevant scenarios. This survey provides a
comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in the field of adversarial
attack and defense techniques, with a focus on deep neural network-based
classification models. Specifically, we conduct a comprehensive classification
of recent adversarial attack methods and state-of-the-art adversarial defense
techniques based on attack principles, and present them in visually appealing
tables and tree diagrams. This is based on a rigorous evaluation of the
existing works, including an analysis of their strengths and limitations. We
also categorize the methods into counter-attack detection and robustness
enhancement, with a specific focus on regularization-based methods for
enhancing robustness. New avenues of attack are also explored, including
search-based, decision-based, drop-based, and physical-world attacks, and a
hierarchical classification of the latest defense methods is provided,
highlighting the challenges of balancing training costs with performance,
maintaining clean accuracy, overcoming the effect of gradient masking, and
ensuring method transferability. At last, the lessons learned and open
challenges are summarized with future research opportunities recommended.Comment: 46 pages, 21 figure
Undergraduate and Graduate Course Descriptions, 2023 Spring
Wright State University undergraduate and graduate course descriptions from Spring 2023
Dusty star-forming galaxies and their environments
Since their discovery over three decades ago, there has been astounding progress in our understanding of DSFGs. Roughly half all optical and UV emission from star formation is absorbed and re-radiated as infrared light by dust. This dust enshrouded star formation is contained within DSFGs, with some harbouring SFRs of thousands of solar masses per year, yielding infrared luminosities greater than \,L. DSFGs are thought to be the progenitors of elliptical galaxies that are predominantly found within massive, galaxy clusters in the local Universe. This thesis aims to build on this progress by investigating the nature of DSFGs and their environments. We first investigate the molecular gas properties of galaxies in the Antlia cluster, a potentially useful low redshift analogue to developing protoclusters at higher redshifts. We find that the disturbed cluster environment is not strong enough to strip the molecular gas reservoirs of its member galaxies, yielding the observed high SFRs in this population. We also study the properties of candidate members of the massive SpARCS-0330 galaxy cluster at , where we find significant ongoing star formation. Quenching in SpARCS-0330 is likely driven by secular processes that scale with stellar mass rather than environment, suggesting that either the cluster environment cannot truncate star formation or the galaxy members have not yet inhabited the cluster for long enough to be significantly affected. We also investigate the multiplicities and properties of four candidate z > 4 DSFGs. We find that three resolve into multiple components, suggesting that this population is more diverse than predicted by simulations. We additionally investigate SDSS1607, a fascinating quasar-SMG system at z = 3.65, using observations from the VLA, SMA and HST. Finally, we discuss the implications of these results and the exciting avenues for future research produced by this work.Open Acces
Study and design of an interface for remote audio processing
This project focused on the study and design of an interface for remote audio processing, with the objective of acquiring by filtering, biasing, and amplifying an analog
signal before digitizing it by means of two MCP3208 ADCs to achieve a 24-bit resolution signal. The resulting digital signal was then transmitted to a Raspberry Pi
using SPI protocol, where it was processed by a Flask server that could be accessed
from both local and remote networks.
The design of the PCB was a critical component of the project, as it had to accommodate various components and ensure accurate signal acquisition and transmission.
The PCB design was created using KiCad software, which allowed for the precise
placement and routing of all components. A major challenge in the design of the interface was to ensure that the analog signal was not distorted during acquisition and
amplification. This was achieved through careful selection of amplifier components
and using high-pass and low-pass filters to remove any unwanted noise.
Once the analog signal was acquired and digitized, the resulting digital signal was
transmitted to the Raspberry Pi using SPI protocol. The Raspberry Pi acted as
the host for a Flask server, which could be accessed from local and remote networks
using a web browser. The Flask server allowed for the processing of the digital signal
and provided a user interface for controlling the gain and filtering parameters of the
analog signal. This enabled the user to adjust the signal parameters to suit their
specific requirements, making the interface highly flexible and adaptable to a variety
of audio processing applications.
The final interface was capable of remote audio processing, making it highly useful
in scenarios where the audio signal needed to be acquired and processed in a location
separate from the user. For example, it could be used in a recording studio, where the
audio signal from the microphone could be remotely processed using the interface.
The gain and filtering parameters could be adjusted in real-time, allowing the sound
engineer to fine-tune the audio signal to produce the desired recording.
In conclusion, the project demonstrated the feasibility and potential benefits of
using a remote audio processing system for various applications. The design of the
PCB, selection of components, and use of the Flask server enabled the creation of
an interface that was highly flexible, accurate, and adaptable to a variety of audio
processing requirements. Overall, the project represents a significant step forward
in the field of remote audio processing, with the potential to benefit many different
applications in the future
Advanced typing for asset-aware programming languages
openLa rilevazione di errori nei linguaggi di programmazione è sempre stata importante nel ridurre la presenza di bug e vulnerabilità del software e lo sviluppo di strumenti che aiutino i programmatori in tal senso sono cruciali per le aziende del settore. Nei programmi è possibile riscontrare diverse tipologie di errori che possono causare comportamenti inaspettati da parte del software o addirittura al crash. Fortunatamente, alcuni di questi errori possono essere individuati usando sistemi di tipi e compilatori. Tuttavia, i moderni compilatori potrebbero non essere più abbastanza: infatti, lo spettro di possibili errori introdotti dai programmatori si è molto ampliato insieme alla complessità dei sistemi informatici odierni, come ad esempio le blockchain. I linguaggi per questi ambienti dovrebbero considerare una nuova categoria di errori correlata agli asset: infatti, in questi casi la loro duplicazione, creazione o perdita arbitraria dovrebbe essere evitata. Queste tipologie di errori sono strettamente correlati al concetto di stato di un oggetto, il quale è un’istanza di uno smart contract.
In questa tesi, vengono discussi due linguaggi di programmazione typestate-oriented progettati per lo sviluppo di smart contracts, Stipula e Obsidian, vengono messi a confronto in termini di espressività e proprietà . In questa analisi, si può notare che Stipula adotta un approccio più safe e flessibile di Obsidian nella scrittura di legal contracts, grazie alla disponibilità di determinate primitive di linguaggio. Queste funzionalità permettono una realizzazione più semplice e comprensibile dei contratti e costringe il programmatore a un approccio più safe nello sviluppo. D’altro canto, Stipula non possiede altre funzionalità , come tipi user-defined e strutture dati, tipiche dei linguaggi di programmazione a oggetti: in particolare, non supporta un sistema di tipi completo e che permetta di assicurare proprietà di safety per gli asset.
Successivamente, viene fornita e discussa una realizzazione in Obsidian delle currencies e dei tokens usati in Stipula allo scopo di trovare un modo di aggiungere in questo nuovo linguaggio un sistema di ownership, il quale potrebbe aiutare nella rilevazione di errori per riferimenti ad asset. Vengono, dunque, fornite le dimostrazioni che gli statement presi in considerazione sono ben tipati: gli strumenti teorici usati nelle dimostrazioni forniscono effettivamente delle indicazioni su come l’ownership dovrebbe funzionare in Stipula.
Questa tesi si concentra sulla ricerca di funzionalità e pratiche per migliorare l’espressività dei linguaggi typestate-oriented. Obsidian è un linguaggio staticamente tipato e typestate-oriented con una particolare attenzione alla safety, alla security e all’usabilità . Queste caratteristiche fanno parte anche dei principali obiettivi di Stipula, un nuovo linguagggio typestate-oriented per i legal contracts. L’inserimento di tali funzionalità in Stipula potrebbe essere un buon modo per migliorarne le proprietà di safety e l’esperienza d’uso del programmatore.Error detection in programming languages has always been important in reducing bugs and vulnerabilities in programs and tools that help programmers in this task are crucial for the industry. Several kinds of error may occur in programs that can cause unexpected behaviours and lead to crashes. Fortunately, some of them can be detected using type systems and compilers. However, modern compilers may not be enough anymore: in fact, the range of mistakes that programmers may introduce is widely spread with the increasing complexity of today’s systems, such as blockchains. Languages for these environments should consider new classes of errors related to assets: in fact, in this context arbitrary duplication, creation or loss of assets should
be avoided. These new kinds of error are strictly related to the concept of the state of objects, which are in blockchains smart contract instances.
In this thesis, we discuss two typestated-oriented programming languages designed for smart contracts development, Stipula and Obsidian, and compare their expressiveness and main properties. In this analysis, we notice that Stipula adopts a safer and more flexible approach than Obsidian in legal contract writing, due to the primitives available for programmers. These features enable a simpler and more readable implementation of contracts and enforce a safer approach to development. On the other hand, Stipula lacks typical functionalities, such as user-defined data and data structures, that other object-oriented programming languages have: in particular, it does not support a full-fledged type system that ensures safety properties on asset operation.
Then, an Obsidian implementation for currencies and tokens used in Stipula is provided and discussed in order to find hints to add in this new language ownership, which would help in error detection for asset references. Proofs that they are well-typed are provided: the tools used in these demonstrations give us some hints, especially on how ownership should work in Stipula statements.
This thesis focused on the search for features and practises to improve the expressiveness of typestate-oriented programming languages. Obsidian is a statically-typed and typestate-oriented with careful attention to safety, security and usability. These features fall within the main goals of Stipula, a newborn typestate-oriented language for legal contracts. The insertion of such features in Stipula may be a good way to improve its safety and users’ experience
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