Geographic Centroid Routing for Vehicular Networks

A number of geolocation-based Delay Tolerant Networking (DTN) routing protocols have been shown to perform well in selected simulation and mobility scenarios. However, the suitability of these mechanisms for vehicular networks utilizing widely-available inexpensive Global Positioning System (GPS) hardware has not been evaluated. We propose a novel geolocation-based routing primitive (Centroid Routing) that is resilient to the measurement errors commonly present in low-cost GPS devices. Using this notion of Centroids, we construct two novel routing protocols and evaluate their performance with respect to positional errors as well as traditional DTN routing metrics. We show that they outperform existing approaches by a significant margin.Comment: 6 page

Exploiting Map Topology Knowledge for Context-predictive Multi-interface Car-to-cloud Communication

While the automotive industry is currently facing a contest among different communication technologies and paradigms about predominance in the connected vehicles sector, the diversity of the various application requirements makes it unlikely that a single technology will be able to fulfill all given demands. Instead, the joint usage of multiple communication technologies seems to be a promising candidate that allows benefiting from characteristical strengths (e.g., using low latency direct communication for safety-related messaging). Consequently, dynamic network interface selection has become a field of scientific interest. In this paper, we present a cross-layer approach for context-aware transmission of vehicular sensor data that exploits mobility control knowledge for scheduling the transmission time with respect to the anticipated channel conditions for the corresponding communication technology. The proposed multi-interface transmission scheme is evaluated in a comprehensive simulation study, where it is able to achieve significant improvements in data rate and reliability

자율주행을 위한 V2X 기반 차량 CDN 설계

학위논문 (석사) -- 서울대학교 대학원 : 공학전문대학원 응용공학과, 2021. 2. 김성우.Recent technical innovation has driven the evolution of autonomous vehicles. To improve safety as well as on-road vehicular experience, vehicles should be connected with each other or to vehicular networks. Some specification groups, e.g., IEEE and 3GPP, have studied and released vehicular communication requirements and architecture. IEEEs Wireless Access in Vehicular Environment focuses on dedicated and short-range communication, while 3GPPs New radio V2X supports not only sidelink but also uplink communication. The 3GPP Release 16, which supports 5G New Radio, offers evolved functionalities such as network slice, Network Function Virtualization, and Software-Defined Networking. In this study, we define and design a vehicular network architecture compliant with 5G core networks. For localization of autonomous driving vehicles, a high-definition map needs to contain the context of trajectory . We also propose new methods by which autonomous vehicles can push and pull map content efficiently, without causing bottlenecks on the network core. We evaluate the performance of V2X and of the proposed caching policy via network simulations. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method improves the performance of vehicular content delivery in real-world road environments.최근들어 기술의 혁신은 자율주행 자동차의 발전을 가속화 하고 있다. 보다 높은 수준의 자율 주행을 구현하기 위해서, 차량은 네트워크를 통해 서로 연결되어 있어야 하고 차량의 안전과 편의성을 향상 시킬 수 있도록 정보를 공유 할 수 있어야 한다. 표준화 단체인 IEEE와 3GPP는 차량 통신 요구사항, 아키텍처를 연구하고 개정해왔다. IEEE가 전용 채널을 통한 근접 지역 통신에 초점을 맞추는 반면에, 3GPP의 New Radio V2X는 Sidelink 뿐만 아니라 Uplink 통신을 동시에 지원한다. 5G 통신을 지원하는 3GPP Release 16은 Network Slice, NFV, SDN과 같은 새로운 통신 기능들을 제공한다. 이 연구에서는 새롭게 정의된 5G Core Network Architecture를 바탕으로 차량 네트워크를 정의하고 설계하였다. 자율주행 자동차의 측위를 위해서, 고해상도 지도는 각 구성요소들의 의미와 속성을 자세하게 포함하고 있어야 한다. 우리는 이 연구에서 V2X 네트워크 상에 HD map을 중계할 수 있는 Edge Server를 제안 함으로써, 중앙에서 발생할 수 있는 병목현상을 줄이고 전송 Delay를 최소화한다. 또한 Edge의 컨텐츠를 등록하고 삭제하는 정책으로 기존의 LRU, LFU가 아닌 새로운 컨텐츠 교체 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 실제 주행 시험과 시뮬레이션을 통한 실험을 통해 전송 품질을 향상시켰으며, Edge 컨텐츠의 활용도를 높였다.I. Introduction 1 II. Related Works 6 2.1 V2X Standardization 6 2.1.1 IEEE WAVE 6 2.1.2 3GPP C-V2X 9 2.2 Geographic Contents 14 2.3 Vehicular Content Centric Network 17 III. System Modeling 20 3.1 NR-V2X Architecture Analysis 20 3.2 Caching Strategy for HD Map Acquisition 23 IV. Evaluation 30 4.1 Contents Replacement Strategy 30 4.2 V2X Characteristics 36 4.3 Edge Performance in Driving on the Road 38 4.4 Edge Performance on 3D Point Clouds Caching for Localization 44 V. Conclusion 47 Bibliography 49 Abstract 54Maste

Video Streaming over Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: A Comparative Study and Future Perspectives

Vehicular  Ad Hoc Network  (VANET) is emerged as an important research area that provides ubiquitous short-range connectivity among moving vehicles.  This network enables efficient traffic safety and infotainment applications. One of the promising applications is video transmission in vehicle-to-vehicle or vehicle-to-infrastructure environments.  But, video streaming over vehicular environment is a daunting task due to high movement of vehicles. This paper presents a survey on state-of-arts of video streaming over VANET. Furthermore, taxonomy of vehicular video transmission is highlighted in this paper with special focus on significant applications and their requirements with challenges, video content sharing, multi-source video streaming and video broadcast services. The comparative study of the paper compares the video streaming schemes based on type of error resilient technique, objective of study, summary of their study, the utilized simulator and the type of video sharing.  Lastly, we discussed the open issues and research directions related to video communication over VANET