TTACCA: TWO-HOP BASED TRAFFIC AWARE CONGESTION CONTROL ALGORITHM FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

Congestion in Wireless Sensor Networks has negative impact on the Quality of Service. Congestion effects the performance metrics, namely throughput and per-packet energy consumption, network lifetime and packet delivery ratio. Reducing congestion allows better utilization of the network resources and thus enhances the Quality of Service metrics of the network. Traffic Aware Dynamic Routing to Alleviate Congestion in Wireless Sensor Networks reduces congestion by considering one hop neighbor routing in the network. This paper proposed an algorithm for Quality of Service Based Traffic-Aware Data forwarding for congestion control in wireless sensor networks based on two hop neighbor information. On detection of congestion, the algorithm forwards data packets around the congestion areas by spreading the excessive packets through multiple paths. The path with light load or under loaded nodes is efficiently utilized whenever congestion occurs. The main aspect of the algorithm is to build path to the destination using two independent potential fields depth and queue length. Queue length field solves the traffic-aware problem. Depth field creates a backbone to forward packets to the sink. Both fields are combined to yield a hybrid potential field to make dynamic decision for data forwarding. Network Simulator used for simulating the algorithm is NS2. The proposed algorithm performs better

A critical analysis of research potential, challenges and future directives in industrial wireless sensor networks

In recent years, Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks (IWSNs) have emerged as an important research theme with applications spanning a wide range of industries including automation, monitoring, process control, feedback systems and automotive. Wide scope of IWSNs applications ranging from small production units, large oil and gas industries to nuclear fission control, enables a fast-paced research in this field. Though IWSNs offer advantages of low cost, flexibility, scalability, self-healing, easy deployment and reformation, yet they pose certain limitations on available potential and introduce challenges on multiple fronts due to their susceptibility to highly complex and uncertain industrial environments. In this paper a detailed discussion on design objectives, challenges and solutions, for IWSNs, are presented. A careful evaluation of industrial systems, deadlines and possible hazards in industrial atmosphere are discussed. The paper also presents a thorough review of the existing standards and industrial protocols and gives a critical evaluation of potential of these standards and protocols along with a detailed discussion on available hardware platforms, specific industrial energy harvesting techniques and their capabilities. The paper lists main service providers for IWSNs solutions and gives insight of future trends and research gaps in the field of IWSNs

An Energy-conscious Transport Protocol for Multi-hop Wireless Networks

We present a transport protocol whose goal is to reduce power consumption without compromising delivery requirements of applications. To meet its goal of energy efficiency, our transport protocol (1) contains mechanisms to balance end-to-end vs. local retransmissions; (2) minimizes acknowledgment traffic using receiver regulated rate-based flow control combined with selected acknowledgements and in-network caching of packets; and (3) aggressively seeks to avoid any congestion-based packet loss. Within a recently developed ultra low-power multi-hop wireless network system, extensive simulations and experimental results demonstrate that our transport protocol meets its goal of preserving the energy efficiency of the underlying network.Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (NBCHC050053