DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF ANTIDIABETIC POLYHERBAL TABLET USING MEDICINAL PLANTS OF TRADITIONAL USE

Objective: The aim of the present study is to develop and evaluate poly herbal tablet prepared for management of diabetes with enhanced disintegration time. Methods: The polyherbal extract prepared using methanolic extract of selected traditionally used medicinal plants such as Adenanthera pavonina, Kigelia africana, Parkia biglandulosa and Syzygium jambose (1:1:1:2) was evaluated in the alloxan monohydrate induced diabetic rat model. The polyherbal tablets were prepared by wet granulation method with excipients microcrystalline cellulose, dicalcium phosphate dehydrate and sodium starch glycolate. After preformulation studies tablets were evaluated by using weight variation, hardness, friability and disintegration time. The diabetic rats treated with polyherbal extract were compared with the diabetic control rats group. Results: Positive results were obtained in the observed parameters, thus favoring the use of the plants. Pre-formulation study revealed that all the evaluated parameters were found to be within the acceptable limits. The weight variation of the formulated tablets was 1.43 % RSD. The disintegration time of the formulations was found to be 9.50 minutes. The tablets also underwent accelerated stability over the period of three months. No marked changes were observed in all the parameters evaluated during three months of accelerated stability study. Conclusion: Laboratory-scale preparation of polyherbal tablet can lead to new powerful and stable oral dosage formulations for diabetes mellitus and lighten the synergistic area of ​​action of herbs

28-day repeated dose oral toxicity of a herbal mixture dia-2, containing standardized extracts of allium sativum and lagerstroemia speciosa in sprague dawley rats.

Allium sativum [ASE] and Lagerstroemia speciosa [LSE] are widely used in folk medicine as a medication for diabetes. DIA-2 is a polyherbal antidiabetic formulation containing fixed combination [1:1 w/w] of standardized aqueous extracts of Allium sativum bulbs containing 1.1 % alliin w/w and 40 % hydroalcholic extract of Lagerstroemia speciosa leaves containing 1.28% w/w corosolic acid. Earlier studies in our laboratories have demonstrated the oral safety of DIA-2 on acute oral exposure to female Sprague Dawley [SD] rats and the antidiabetic activity of DIA-2 in high-fat diet fed/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The ingredients of DIA-2 have long history safety but however, there is little toxicological information regarding the oral safety on repeated exposure of ASE and LSE when given as a combined mixture. The present study evaluated the repeated oral toxicity of DIA-2 in both the sexes of SD rats.  Rats were treated orally once with 62.5, 125, 250 mg/kg body weight, and animals were observed till the 28 days of study. On repeated oral administration, DIA-2 showed did not exhibit any clinical signs of toxicity, mortality, significant change in food, water consumption, body weight, mortality, clinical chemistry, hematology, organ weight, gross pathology and histopathology when varying doses of the DIA-2 were administered orally once daily for a period of 28 days. The NOAEL [No Observed Adverse Effect Level] of DIA-2 in this study was identified to be greater than 250 mg/kg/day. The results from the study suggest that there are no toxicologically significant effects on 28 day repeated oral administration of DIA-2 and the data also provide satisfactory preclinical evidence on its oral safety to support its use as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of diabetes mellitus

Collateral Prospects of Polyherbal Formulation as Antidiabetic and Appraising its Toxicity in Early Development of Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) Larvae

The polyherbal formulation was prepared using leaves, flowers, fruits of these specific plants  Ficus religiosa, Allium sativum, Senna auriculata, Andrographis paniculata, Momordica charantia, Eugenia jambolana (FASAME). The hydroalcoholic extracts of the FASAME and its phytochemical constituents was determined. For toxicity study, the zebra fishes are used as the experimental models and were exposed to different concentration of FASAME formulation (100 μg, 70 μg, 50 μg, 10 μg, and 5 μg). Then its viability and its lethal effect was calculated. Finally the antidiabetic activity of FASAME was determined by β - galactosidase assay.The phytochemical constituents like flavonoids, steroids, terpenoid, saponins, resins, carbohydrates, proteins and essential oil was present in the hydroalcoholic extract of FASAME polyherbal formulation .The effect of FASAME formulation on Zebra fish larvae has a substantial increase in the percentage of viability at their lower concentration. The FASAME formulation exhibited selective anti-diabetic activity. These results showed that the FASAME formulation has anti-diabetic activity and can be used for the treatment of diabetics.The phytochemical analysis of FASAME drug has a mixture of phytochemical compounds and their IC50 value was found to be 74.39 μg/ml. The toxicity analysis on Zebra fish larvae also showed higher viability at their lower concentration and proved to be a powerful antidiabetic drug for diabetics

Hypoglycemic Effect of Ethanoic Extract of a Herbal Drugs Formulation Used by Kenyan Herbalists

Diabetes is a condition that is characterized by high blood sugar levels in the human body due to lack of insulin or its insufficient production. The causes are known to be genetic or occupational factors. Conventional diabetes drugs developed lower and manage the blood sugar levels. However, due to their side effects and costs, the drugs have made management of the disease  be expensive. Herbal drugs, on the other hand, have been formulated as suitable alternatives. One herbal drug (Diabetic formular®) was obtained from a market in Nairobi, and its ethanolic extract was analysed for anti-diabetic properties and available phytochemicals. Swiss albino rats were used as the diabetic model in the study. The rats were induced diabetes using alloxan. Thereafter, Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), was carried out to confirm if the rats were induced with diabetes. Rats induced with diabetes were then grouped into five groups, (n=5), corresponding to the following treatments: placebo (distilled water), conventional drug (Metformin, 500 mg/Kg) and three doses of the herbal drug extracts (500 mg/Kg, 1000 mg/Kg and 1750 mg/Kg).  Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) carried out involved administering glucose (2 g/Kg) followed by the drugs to the various groups, after 30 minutes. This was then followed by monitoring the decrease in blood glucose, in intervals, for a period of 3 hours.  The highest dose of the extract lowered the blood glucose level from a peak 373.5 ± 13.6 mg/dL to 167.4 ± 11.4 mg/d. The decrease was found to be comparable to the conventional drug, which lowered the blood glucose levels from the peak 344.7 ± 11.5 mg/dL to 144.0 ± 78.9 mg/dL. The results from phytochemical screening revealed the presence of Saponins, Flavonoids and Tannins. Keywords: Herbal drug, Antidiabetic activity, Ethanolic extract, Blood glucose, Phytochemical screening

Antidiabetic claims of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers: critical appraisal and role in therapy

ABSTRACTCurrently, available conventional options for diabetes mellitus have certain limitations of their own, and options from medicinal plants with antihyperglycemic activities are being searched to meet the need. Antidiabetic properties of Tinospora cordifolia are highly appreciated in Ayurveda and even in recent modern researches. Several studies on its extracts (viz. immune- modulatory, anti-hyperglycemic, antioxidant, adaptogenic, hepatoprotective, hormone regulator etc.) and isolated phytoconstituents (like tinosporin, berberine, jatrorrhizine etc.) have reported that it is a preventive and curative antidiabetic herb, which are substantiated by clinical trials. Scattered information pertaining to antidiabetic potential of Tinospora is reported. Present review encompasses (i) in-depth information of reported antidiabetic activities of the plant in light of available experimental and clinical studies, and (ii) understanding on the possible mechanism of its action in combating the complex pathology of diabetes

Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of a poly herbal formulation in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with several comorbidities. Currently used synthetic medicines have various side effects. Herbal medicines are being widely used for management of diabetes. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of poly herbal formulation (PHF) (mixture of Citrullus colocynthis, Syzygium cumini and Holarrhena antidysenterica) in diabetic rats. We evaluated enzyme inhibition activity of PHF by ELISA and anti-hyperglycemic action was assessed in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Animals were divided into 5 groups, i.e., blank, negative control, standard control and PHF 250 and 500 mg/kg dosage respectively. Blood glucose level assessed through one touch method blood glucose monitoring system. The statistical analysis was performed by using one-way ANOVA p value of ≤0.05 was considered significant. Results of study indicated that PHF sufficiently inhibited DPPH at 0.5 mg/mL and serial dilutions with IC50 of 197 µg/mL while α- glucosidase inhibition assay showed marked inhibition of PHF at 0.5 mg/mL and serial dilutions with IC50 of 235 µg/mL. Oral intake of PHF reduced blood glucose level, serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels in wistar albino rats in dose dependent manner. Considering the multidirectional effects of PHF, it is concluded that PHF may be a therapeutic option in management of diabetes