Exploration of Higher Education Delivery of Artistic Sport Curriculum in the UK and China

This study explored the challenges and opportunities within the realm of artistic sports courses in China, primarily focusing on vocational outcomes for students in Chinese universities and addresses potential implications for enhancement in the context of teaching and learning practices. Through the insights garnered from higher education experts, on-campus students, and social professionals related to artistic sports, this research considered the potential of UK practices to inform the development of Chinese courses, adopting a rigorous and methodical approach to research design, informed by Saunders et al.'s "Research Onion" model. It comprehensively explored philosophical underpinnings, theory development approaches, research choices, strategies, and techniques with procedures. In addition, the research incorporated an in-depth review of pedagogic theory and contemporary literature to establish context. A series of semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants from both China and the U.K. The primary analytical strategy employed was thematic analysis, enriched by a template analysis approach. This comprehensive methodology facilitated a deep exploration, interpretation, and analysis of the data, culminating in a detailed understanding of the current state and potential improvements of artistic sports courses in China. Key findings from the research illuminate a range of expanded employment opportunities in artistic sports. This includes roles in artistic sports therapy, artistic sports health consulting, careers in health and social care, traditional Chinese artistic sports, artistic sports creativity, academic research, and positions requiring entrepreneurial skills. Further findings encourage a series of research implications for enhancing the teaching and learning practices within artistic sports courses, which span five critical dimensions in higher education delivery: course design, course content and learning experience, course implementation, course assessment, and quality enhancement. Among the key implications, the study highlights the expansion of course objectives, the need for course content diversification to cater to broader vocational outcomes, effective communication and cooperation strategies to improve course implementation, and comprehensive, diverse assessment approaches, especially including the innovative use of student portfolios. It also emphasises the importance of enhancing quality by updating university policies, enhancing the lecturer team, and shifting teaching methods to more learner-centred approaches. The above findings presented in this study offer significant contributions to developing artistic sports education in China. By aligning course design with societal and industry demands and addressing the distinctive interests and abilities of students, the study also offers the potential opportunity to enhance the quality, relevance, and impact of higher education in the realm of artistic sports courses

Rhetorics of globalism.

This project examines the rhetorics that enable nations to tap into and deploy capital transnationally. Its primary focus is on China. China\u27s globalism promotes a version of Western neoliberalism, including tropes such as efficiency, individuality, and freedom, to underwrite inequality, consumerism, and masking of surplus labor/value. While an ostensible boon for China\u27s marginalized, China\u27s globalism continues to increase the gap between wealthy and poor. Chapter One introduces the project with an overview of theoretical and disciplinary responses to globalization. This chapter demonstrates how the discourse of transnational capital supports consumerism, competition, and simultaneous universality/difference worldwide. Chapter Two offers a rhetorical analysis of China\u27s Progress in Human Rights in 2004, an official document published in political organs such as People\u27s Daily and China Daily , to show how China\u27s party-state appropriates neoliberal discourse to appease international trade organizations. It is argued that China\u27s neoliberalism is a roll-out political neoliberalism that maintains state participation in its increasingly privatized provinces. Paradoxically, the market\u27s valorization of an interest-based social order must coexist with the nationalist call for a unity that would raise the people above the individual. Chapter Three offers a discourse analysis of the narratives of the dagongmei ( working sister ) and the dagongzai ( working son ), China\u27s floating population of migrant laborers who often work in urban factories and reside in hostile dormitories where the laboring body is alienated and sexualized. Migrant literacy is shown to resist and sustain China\u27s dominant discourse, an internal Orientalism that pejoratively constructs migrants as country bumpkins. The project\u27s final chapter presents analyses of interviews with Chinese factory workers. These interviews and other worker testimonies represent a clash of neoliberal, Confucian, and Maoist discourse, a rhetorical borderlands that bears new ways of talking about solidarity and workplace democracy

Intellectual property strategy : a comparative business perspective considering China, Japan, USA and certain European jurisdictions

Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.This study is limited to technology based companies and transactions, but it provides a basic overview of the changes in intellectual property laws in jurisdictions relevant to the topic of this thesis, and in particularly addresses the impact on Chinese and Japanese laws due to TRIPS and WTO

Graduates' employability in the creative industry in China: what competencies, qualities, and skills Chinese graduates with an undergraduate degree in Fine Art need for employment in China

With the evolving effect of globalisation, the employment challenges of Chinese graduates has become highly complex and increasingly uncertain. China has witnessed a rapid expansion in its higher education sector in recent decades, with a concomitant increase in the number of graduates. This has severely affected the availability of relevant jobs, to the extent that we are witnessing a saturation of the graduate job market. In addition, various industrial restructuring and repositioning of productivity has created further challenges in the job market. This emerging imbalance between job availability and graduates has become a matter of concern, not only for the those seeking professional employment, but for employers, government and universities. This research addresses the specific concerns regarding the employment of Fine Art graduates in China. Statistics indicate that, across all higher education disciplines, the employment rate for Fine Art graduates, six months after graduation, has severely declined for four consecutive years. This implies that existing pedagogical approaches and education policies in China have not successfully projected or responded to the changing job market and have not positively impacted the employment levels of Fine Art graduates. The Fine Art curriculum in China is based on a relatively traditional approach to the discipline and is mostly dedicated to the development of skills in painting, drawing sculpting and printmaking. In contrast, the cultural industries, in which Fine Art is supposedly situated, are undergoing a process of development towards an approach more in line with the globalised creative industries. It is this situation that presents, not only an urgent, ongoing problem regarding the sustainability of Fine Art education in China, but also the central research problem of this thesis. The research addresses this problem through an analysis that uses a coordination triangle model in combination with a heuristic model of employability, with the aim of identifying the competencies, qualities and skills Chinese graduates, with an undergraduate degree in Fine Art, need for employment in the emerging creative industries in China. The research argues that the current traditional skills based approach to Fine Art education in China does not meet the needs of students in terms of their professional job prospects in the context of the fast developing, globalised creative industries. Furthermore, the researcher makes recommendations, based on a thorough analysis of original, current, primary data, for Fine Art higher education programmes towards curriculum development and delivery, that meets the expectations of graduates and employers of the creative industries of China

A critical review of translation education in China and South Africa : a proposed model

Thesis (M. Tech.) -- Central University of Technology, Free State, 200

Mongolian state weakness, foreign policy, and dependency on the People’s Republic of China

This thesis draws on a synthesis of foreign policy analysis (FPA) and constructivism in order to demonstrate how post Cold War Mongolia’s relations with the People’s Republic of China (PRC) can be analysed through a multisectoral approach to explain the dilemmas that a weak state faces when conducting its relations with a much more powerful neighbour. It proposes that the dissonance between Mongolia’s social identity and its structures of governance is the basis for the Mongolian state’s weakness and that such weakness makes growing economic dependency on the PRC more difficult to manage. Moreover, the resulting combination of economic dependency and state weakness seriously limits the government’s ability to maintain an effective broader foreign policy. The dissertation draws on government texts, academic and media articles, and interviews in Mandarin Chinese, Mongolian, and English. The thesis looks in detail at the nature of Mongolian identity politics by focusing on identity development over la longue durée. It then demonstrates how the international community failed to take account of the dynamics of Mongolian identity politics when it came to assisting the Mongolian government with the country’s post Cold War transition from communism. This led to an undue reliance on what can be termed ‘Washington Consensus’ type political and economic reforms that considerably added to the weakness of the state. The thesis then focuses on Mongolia’s economic relations with the PRC to show how such state weakness has resulted in a relationship of growing dependency. Building on economic dependency theory, the thesis then further examines the implications of Mongolia-Sino relations from environmental, societal, and military perspectives. In conclusion, the dissertation argues that the division between the Mongolian state and society has been exacerbated by the country’s adherence to capitalism and democracy in ways that have created the potential for domestic instability by increasing the depth and breadth of economic dependence on the PRC. This imposes severe constraints on foreign policy options but has also demanded some imaginative innovations that give interesting insights into the measures a vulnerable state can take to maximise its international presence. Ultimately, however, the disjuncture between social identity and the state acts as a constraining factor on such initiatives in the case of Mongolia

A corpus-based study of Chinese and English translation of international economic law: an interdisciplinary study

International Economic Law (IEL), a sub-discipline of International Law, is concerned with the regulation of international economic relations and the behaviours of States, international organisations, and firms operating in the international arena. Due to the increase in commercial intercourse, translation of International Economic Law has become an important factor in promoting cross-cultural communication. The translation of IEL is not purely a technical exercise that simply involves the linguistic translations from one language to another but rather a social and cultural act. This research sets out to examine the translation of terminology used in International Economic Law (IEL) – drawing on data from a bespoke self-built Parallel Corpus of International Economic Law (PCIEL) using a corpus-based, systematic micro-level framework – to analyse the subject matter and to discuss the feasibility of translating these legal terms at the word level, and the sentence and discourse level, with a particular focus on the impact of cultural influences. The study presents the findings from the Chinese translator’s perspective regarding International Economic Law from English/Chinese into Chinese/English with a focus on the areas of law, economics, and culture. The contribution made by a corpus-based approach applied to the interdisciplinary subject of IEL is explored. In particular, this establishes a link between linguistic and non-linguistic study in translating legal texts, especially IEL. The corpus data are organized in different semantic fields and the translation analysis covers lexical, sentential and cultural perspectives. This research demonstrates that not only linguistic factors, but, also, cultural factors make clear contributions to the translation of terminology in PCIEL

Evolution and external impact of MNE subsidiaries in emerging economies : case study evidence from German MNEs in China and India

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The Institutional Pillars of China\u27s National College Entrance Exam: A Case Study of Gaozhong High School and NCEE Reforms

This dissertation is based on a case study of a Beijing high school (referred to as “Gaozhong”) during the initial wave of reforms to the National College Entrance Exam (NCEE). Using the conceptual framework of Richard Scott’s “three pillars” of institutions (2008) to analyze stake holder perception toward the NCEE (administrators, teachers, parents, and students), this study identifies and examines the regulatory, normative, and cultural-cognitive elements that comprise the NCEE. Congruent with Scott’s theory that these the combined strength and interdependency between institutional elements prevent institutional change, this study also analyzes the three pillars as barriers to the implementation of NCEE reform at Gao Zhong high school. An institutional analysis of the NCEE argues for a perspective of the NCEE as the task of education rather than, as is often argued, the purpose of education in China. At Gao Zhong, an “authority of scores” underlies the regulatory pillar; participants stress the many procedures and outputs of the NCEE that enable both knowledge and student effort to be codified, assessed, and translated into access to higher education opportunity, all through the singular score of the NCEE. Nonetheless, what is valued and gained in education derives more from the process of the Exam, rather than the test itself, harking back to a long tradition in Chinese education on the importance of “character.” Meanwhile, the legitimacy of a “single score” on the NCEE is viewed as fair and objective despite participant awareness of inequality in educational resources and urban bias in quotas. Participants cognitively maintain the NCEE as an antidote to corruption and connections associated with wealth; their perspectives bring greater nuance to the meaning of “fairness” and “equality” in studies in Chinese education. Regarding NCEE reforms, findings suggest superficial rather than substantive change at Gao Zhong, and reveal deeper issues of NCEE reform as a whole. Of particular importance are non-test forms of assessment that lack the legitimacy of score-based assessment, and the issue of student choice across subjects within a system heavily weighted in favor of science rather than fine arts