18,202 research outputs found
SINet: A Scale-insensitive Convolutional Neural Network for Fast Vehicle Detection
Vision-based vehicle detection approaches achieve incredible success in
recent years with the development of deep convolutional neural network (CNN).
However, existing CNN based algorithms suffer from the problem that the
convolutional features are scale-sensitive in object detection task but it is
common that traffic images and videos contain vehicles with a large variance of
scales. In this paper, we delve into the source of scale sensitivity, and
reveal two key issues: 1) existing RoI pooling destroys the structure of small
scale objects, 2) the large intra-class distance for a large variance of scales
exceeds the representation capability of a single network. Based on these
findings, we present a scale-insensitive convolutional neural network (SINet)
for fast detecting vehicles with a large variance of scales. First, we present
a context-aware RoI pooling to maintain the contextual information and original
structure of small scale objects. Second, we present a multi-branch decision
network to minimize the intra-class distance of features. These lightweight
techniques bring zero extra time complexity but prominent detection accuracy
improvement. The proposed techniques can be equipped with any deep network
architectures and keep them trained end-to-end. Our SINet achieves
state-of-the-art performance in terms of accuracy and speed (up to 37 FPS) on
the KITTI benchmark and a new highway dataset, which contains a large variance
of scales and extremely small objects.Comment: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
(T-ITS
Towards Semantic e-Science for Traditional Chinese Medicine
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Recent advances in Web and information technologies with the increasing decentralization of organizational structures have resulted in massive amounts of information resources and domain-specific services in Traditional Chinese Medicine. The massive volume and diversity of information and services available have made it difficult to achieve seamless and interoperable e-Science for knowledge-intensive disciplines like TCM. Therefore, information integration and service coordination are two major challenges in e-Science for TCM. We still lack sophisticated approaches to integrate scientific data and services for TCM e-Science.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We present a comprehensive approach to build dynamic and extendable e-Science applications for knowledge-intensive disciplines like TCM based on semantic and knowledge-based techniques. The semantic e-Science infrastructure for TCM supports large-scale database integration and service coordination in a virtual organization. We use domain ontologies to integrate TCM database resources and services in a semantic cyberspace and deliver a semantically superior experience including browsing, searching, querying and knowledge discovering to users. We have developed a collection of semantic-based toolkits to facilitate TCM scientists and researchers in information sharing and collaborative research.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Semantic and knowledge-based techniques are suitable to knowledge-intensive disciplines like TCM. It's possible to build on-demand e-Science system for TCM based on existing semantic and knowledge-based techniques. The presented approach in the paper integrates heterogeneous distributed TCM databases and services, and provides scientists with semantically superior experience to support collaborative research in TCM discipline.</p
An aesthetic for sustainable interactions in product-service systems?
Copyright @ 2012 Greenleaf PublishingEco-efficient Product-Service System (PSS) innovations represent a promising approach to sustainability. However the application of this concept is still very limited because its implementation and diffusion is hindered by several barriers (cultural, corporate and regulative ones). The paper investigates the barriers that affect the attractiveness and acceptation of eco-efficient PSS alternatives, and opens the debate on the aesthetic of eco-efficient PSS, and the way in which aesthetic could enhance some specific inner qualities of this kinds of innovations. Integrating insights from semiotics, the paper outlines some first research hypothesis on how the aesthetic elements of an eco-efficient PSS could facilitate user attraction, acceptation and satisfaction
Grid-Enabled Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Measurement
Abstract. Earth and life sciences are at the forefront to successfully include computational simulations and modeling. Medical applications are often mentioned as the killer applications for the Grid. The complex methodology and models of Traditional Chinese Medicine offer different approaches to diagnose and treat a persons health condition than typical Western medicine. A possibility to make this often hidden knowledge ex-plicit and available to a broader audience will result in mutual synergies for Western and Chinese medicine as well as improved patient care. This paper proposes the design and implementation of a method to accurately estimate blood glucose values using a novel non-invasive method based on electro-transformation measures in human body meridians. The frame-work used for this scientific computing collaboration, namely the China-Austria Data Grid (CADGrid) framework, provides an Intelligence Base offering commonly used models and algorithms as Web/Grid-Services. The controlled execution of the Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Measure-ment Service and the management of scientific data that arise from model execution can be seen as the first application on top of the CADGrid
Development of a Framework for Collaborative Healthcare Services Delivery
Patients require treatment and care that work, good relationship with practitioner, provision of information,
and remaining in control of treatment. Patients need to be
empowered to live healthy lifestyles through promotion and the delivery of health information. Seventy-five percentages of Nigeriaâs estimated 166million population at 2.87% annual growth rate in 2012 live in rural and underserved areas lacking equitable access to both ICT services and healthcare due to poverty and inadequate health care facilities. A shortage of almost 4.3 million doctors, midwives, nurses, pharmacists, and support workers worldwide is most severe in the poorest countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, where they are most
needed to direct and guide everyone who becomes ill on the
correct use of medications. This is compounded by high illiteracy level, poverty and inadequate Health Care Facilities and personnel. Self-medication offers a way out as people begin to sense the positive benefits of multiplying their options in healthcare. Because of the constraints of distance, costs, and availability of providers (doctors and nurses) in specific areas of
medical specialties, the model of treating patients in the general hospital is losing its lustre in favour of dedicated clinics dispersed in the community and remote care in the home. The deterioration of the patient-provider relationship, the overutilization of technology, and the inability of the medical system to adequately treat chronic disease have contributed to rising interest in Complementary and Alternative Medicine.
Communication is critical to ensuring delivery of the best
possible patient-oriented healthcare among all providers towards achieving equitable access to healthcare. Exchanging information and building communication channels are critical ingredients of biomedical education and research. Today, the patient and the physician should not be alone anywhere in the world as long as here is some form of acceptable technology present. Seamless transmission of medical information through the internet enables teleconsultation of doctors from one corner of the world possible.
This paper presents a collaborative framework connecting
providers directly to patients for healthcare services delivery in response to the dire need for a framework which would facilitate the development of a national fibre optic backbone infrastructure that ensures high bandwidth availability, universal access, encouragement for private operators to roll out the infrastructure and use of existing government structure as platforms for extending ICT to rural and urban communities.
The presented framework facilitates healthcare institutions
collaborate and share their resources to provide comprehensive, high-quality and accessible healthcare at an affordable cost.
Keywords: Collaboration; Communication; Complementary
and Alternative Medicine; Healthcare delivery; Teleconsultatio
Unified functional network and nonlinear time series analysis for complex systems science: The pyunicorn package
We introduce the \texttt{pyunicorn} (Pythonic unified complex network and
recurrence analysis toolbox) open source software package for applying and
combining modern methods of data analysis and modeling from complex network
theory and nonlinear time series analysis. \texttt{pyunicorn} is a fully
object-oriented and easily parallelizable package written in the language
Python. It allows for the construction of functional networks such as climate
networks in climatology or functional brain networks in neuroscience
representing the structure of statistical interrelationships in large data sets
of time series and, subsequently, investigating this structure using advanced
methods of complex network theory such as measures and models for spatial
networks, networks of interacting networks, node-weighted statistics or network
surrogates. Additionally, \texttt{pyunicorn} provides insights into the
nonlinear dynamics of complex systems as recorded in uni- and multivariate time
series from a non-traditional perspective by means of recurrence quantification
analysis (RQA), recurrence networks, visibility graphs and construction of
surrogate time series. The range of possible applications of the library is
outlined, drawing on several examples mainly from the field of climatology.Comment: 28 pages, 17 figure
A multi-view approach to cDNA micro-array analysis
The official published version can be obtained from the link below.Microarray has emerged as a powerful technology that enables biologists to study thousands of genes simultaneously, therefore, to obtain a better understanding of the gene interaction and regulation mechanisms. This paper is concerned with improving the processes involved in the analysis of microarray image data. The main focus is to clarify an image's feature space in an unsupervised manner. In this paper, the Image Transformation Engine (ITE), combined with different filters, is investigated. The proposed methods are applied to a set of real-world cDNA images. The MatCNN toolbox is used during the segmentation process. Quantitative comparisons between different filters are carried out. It is shown that the CLD filter is the best one to be applied with the ITE.This work was supported in part by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research
Council (EPSRC) of the UK under Grant GR/S27658/01, the National Science Foundation of China under Innovative Grant 70621001, Chinese Academy of Sciences
under Innovative Group Overseas Partnership Grant, the BHP Billiton Cooperation of Australia Grant, the International Science and Technology Cooperation Project of China
under Grant 2009DFA32050 and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation of Germany
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