A Review of the Literature on Configuration Management Tools

Configuration management tools help administrators in defining and automating system configurations. With cloud computing, host numbers are likely to grow. IaaS (infrastructure as a service) offerings with pay-per-use pricing models make fast and effective deployment of applications necessary. Configuration management tools address both challenges. In this paper, the existing research on this topic is reviewed comprehensively. Readers are provided with a descriptive analysis of the published literature as well as with an analysis of the content of the respective research works. The paper serves as an overview for researchers who are new to the topic. Furthermore, it serves to identify work related to an intended research field and identifies research gaps. Practitioners are provided with a means to identify solutions to their organizational problems

Industrialization in Cloud Computing with Enterprise Systems: Order-to-Cash Automation for SaaS Products

Industrialization has led to efficiency and effectiveness gains in manufacturing industries. Industrialization approaches such as standardization or sourcing are also key concepts in modern service companies. Therefore, current IS research studies how to transfer industrialization approaches to IT service production in order to increase efficiency and effectiveness. Automated and integrated value creation, as supported by ERP systems, have only been limitedly researched in the context of IT service production, although companies see this as an important area of improvement. In this paper, a model of how to automate and integrate an order-to-cash process for providers who offer SaaS products is proposed. The focus lies on the service provisioning process step and the model is evaluated with a prototype implementation. This research has implications for researchers and practitioners alike, as it proposes how to more effectively and efficiently deliver IT services, and use established IS research to do so

Concepts for integrating DevOps methodologies with model-driven cloud management based on TOSCA

The paradigm of Cloud computing introduces new approaches to manage IT services and applications. Those approaches overcome traditional IT infrastructure and service management. One of the main goals of Cloud computing is to automate the whole management of IT services in order to reduce costs and to make the execution of management tasks less error-prone. To make this happen, Cloud providers offer proprietary tools to create and manage services in the Cloud. However, when services get more complex it is hard to manage them because those tools aim to be simple and thus provide limited functionality only. In addition, a particular service that was built based on a certain Cloud offering is bound to this offering including all its management aspects. Consequently, a service cannot be easily moved from one Cloud provider's infrastructure to another one's infrastructure. Today, tools and frameworks implementing so called "DevOps methodologies" can be used to realize management of Cloud services without binding a service to a particular Cloud provider. Nevertheless, complex services are still hard to manage by following those methodologies. To make such services manageable and enable automation of management tasks, a holistic service model is needed. Thus, model-driven Cloud management is an emerging paradigm to realize a holistic management approach for services in the Cloud. Because the DevOps approach and the model-driven approach are originating in different backgrounds, model-driven Cloud management does not cover some aspects of DevOps methodologies that are key for Cloud services. This thesis is focused on integrating DevOps methodologies with model-driven Cloud management. The goal is to combine the strengths of both approaches in order to minimize the shortcomings of the individual approaches

Linked USDL Agreement: Effectively Sharing Semantic Service Level Agreements on the Web

As the use of services available on the Web is becoming mainstream, contracts and legal aspects of the relationship between providers and consumers need to be formalized. However, current proposals to model service level agreements are mostly focused on technical aspects, do not explicitly provide semantics to agreement terms, and do not follow Web principles. These limitations prevent take-up, automatic processing, and effective sharing of agreements. Linked USDL Agreement is a Linked Data based semantic model to describe and share service agreements that extends Linked USDL, which offers a family of languages to describe various technical and business aspects of services. We followed a use case driven approach, evaluating the applicability of our proposal in a cloud computing scenario, and comparing its expressiveness with existing models. Finally, we show a concrete tool that helps to model and check the validity of agreements.Junta de Andalucía P12-TIC-1867Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad TIN2012-32273Junta de Andalucía P10-TIC-5906Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad IPT- 2013-0890-

Modeling Service Level Agreements with Linked USDL Agreement

Nowadays, service trading over the Web is gaining momentum. In this highly dynamic scenario, both providers and consumers need to formalize their contractual and legal relationship, creating service level agreements. Although there exist some proposals that provide models to describe that relationship, they usually only cover technical aspects, not providing explicit semantics to the agreement terms. Furthermore, these models cannot be effectively shared on the Web, since they do not actually follow Web principles. These drawbacks hamper take-up and automatic analysis. In this article, we introduce Linked USDL Agreement, a semantic model to specify, manage and share service level agreement descriptions on the Web. This model is part of the Linked USDL family of ontologies that can describe not only technical but also business related aspects of services, incorporating Web principles. We validate our proposal by describing agreements in computational and non-computational scenarios, namely cloud computing and business process outsourcing services. Moreover, we evaluate the actual coverage and expressiveness of Linked USDL Agreement comparing it with existing models. In order to foster its adoption and effectively manage the service level agreement lifecycle, we present an implemented tool that supports creation, automatic analysis, and publication on the Web of agreement descriptions.Junta de Andalucía P12-TIC-1867Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad TIN2012-32273Junta de Andalucía TIC-5906Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad TIN2015-70560-RComisión Europea FP7-ICT 31786

DevOps and software quality : a systematic mapping

Quality pressure is one of the factors affecting processes for software development in its various stages. DevOps is one of the proposed solutions to such pressure. The primary focus of DevOps is to increase the deployment speed, frequency and quality. DevOps is a mixture of different developments and operations to its multitudinous ramifications in software development industries, DevOps have attracted the interest of many researchers. There are considerable literature surveys on this critical innovation in software development, yet, little attention has been given to DevOps impact on software quality. This research is aimed at analyzing the implications of DevOps features on software quality. DevOps can also be referred to a change in organization cultures aimed at removal of gaps between the development and operations of an organization. The adoption of DevOps in an organization provides many benefits including quality but also brings challenges to an organization. This study presents systematic mapping of the impact of DevOps on software quality. The results of this study provide a better understanding of DevOps on software quality for both professionals and researchers working in this area. The study shows research was mainly focused in automation, culture, continuous delivery, fast feedback of DevOps. There is need of further research in many areas of DevOps (for instance: measurement, development of metrics of different stages to assess its performance, culture, practices toward ensuring quality assurance, and quality factors such as usability, efficiency, software maintainability and portability). Keywords: DevOps, development, operations, software, software quality, automation, measurement, systematic mappingpublishedVersio

Simplifying Release Engineering for Multi-Stacked Container-Based Services

Today, large and complex solutions are needed to provide the services that users require, where cloud-based solutions have been the panacea to help solve this problem. However, these solutions, are complex in the nature of their implementation, and the need for a standardized way of handling the services are in order. This thesis aims to explore the possibilities of simplifying release engineering processes, with the usage of multi-stacked container-based services. A model is designed with the goal of reducing the complexity in release engineering processes. It enables restriction of possible outcomes by enabling constraints to specify the wanted state of an environment, and enforces a single method approach towards achieving a more uniform environment. The model has been implemented in a prototype, which enables the documentation, configuration and orchestration of the deployed services, that are deployed with the usage of Docker containers. Through the implementation, the validity of the designed model is verified, and the complexity of the release engineering processes are reduced

Adopting DevOps Principles, Practices and Tools : Case: Identity & Access Management

Adopting DevOps has been of interest for many organizations and practitioners for a while now due to its various benefits for business. However, there is a lack of knowledge and understanding on what is meant by DevOps when it comes to the key concepts, practices, tools, and the benefits and challenges of DevOps adoption. Organizations and teams are missing guidance on how to adopt DevOps in their specific context. This design science research is conducted to understand how to adopt DevOps principles, practices and tools in the Identity and Access Management of a large multinational corporation. The result of this study are the proposed models for adopting DevOps, including the formation of the teams and the processes covering build, test and deployment of identity management system (SailPoint IIQ) and onboarding new applications to the system. Three design artifacts are built and evaluated against identified problem areas in DevOps adoption, providing insights to the research community and industry practitioners

Eine musterbasierte Methode zur Automatisierung des Anwendungsmanagements

Das Management laufender Geschäftsanwendungen gehört zu den kritischen Vorgängen des IT-Betriebs, da Unachtsamkeiten zu fehlerhaften Anwendungszuständen und zum Ausfall ganzer Anwendungslandschaften führen können. Speziell die manuelle Managementdurchführung birgt aufgrund zunehmend unüberschaubarer Anwendungsstrukturen, unbekannter Abhängigkeiten zwischen Komponenten, unzureichender Dokumentation sowie komplexer Managementwerkzeuge ein stetig größer werdendes wirtschaftliches Risiko. Aus diesem Grund wurden in den vergangenen Jahren neue Paradigmen und eine große Anzahl an Technologien zur Automatisierung des Anwendungsmanagements entwickelt. Die zunehmende Komplexität von Architekturen durch verteilte Systeme, Virtualisierung von Komponenten, Cloud Computing und dem aufkommenden Internet der Dinge erfordert jedoch immer häufiger die Kombination mehrerer dieser Managementtechnologien, um übergeordnete Managementziele bezüglich eines komplexen IT-Systems umzusetzen. Dabei treten sowohl (i) konzeptionelle als auch (ii) technische Fragestellungen auf, die von unterschiedlichen Expertengruppen in Kollaboration analysiert und gelöst werden müssen. Die Integration dieser beiden Abstraktionsebenen stellt dabei eine grundlegende Herausforderung dar, die im gegenwärtigen Anwendungsmanagement aufgrund fehlender durchgängiger Automatisierungsmöglichkeiten zumeist unter hohem Aufwand individuell angenommen werden muss. Um diese Automatisierungslücke zwischen den beiden Abstraktionsebenen zu schließen, stellt diese Arbeit eine hybride, musterbasierte Managementmethode namens PALMA vor. Die Methode kombiniert das deklarative mit dem imperativen Managementparadigma und ermöglicht dadurch die automatisierte Anwendung generischer Managementmuster. Häufig auftretende Managementprobleme, wie beispielsweise die Migration einer Anwendungskomponente in eine Cloud-Umgebung unter Wahrung deren Verfügbarkeit, können mittels automatisierten Managementmustern effizient für individuelle Anwendungen gelöst und die zugehörigen Prozesse automatisiert ausgeführt werden. Die Methode unterstützt die Kollaboration von Experten und kann manuell, semi-automatisiert sowie vollständig automatisiert angewendet werden. Zur Umsetzung der Methode wird eine deklarative Sprache namens DMMN vorgestellt, welche die Modellierung von Managementaufgaben auf hoher deklarativer Abstraktionsebene unter Ausblendung technischer Ausführungsdetails ermöglicht. Bei der automatisierten Ausführung von Managementmustern werden deklarative Managementmodelle in dieser Sprache generiert, welche die jeweilige Musterlösung für die betroffene Anwendung in Form der auszuführenden Managementaufgaben abstrakt spezifizieren. Zu deren Ausführung wird ein Transformationsverfahren vorgestellt, das deklarative Managementmodelle in ausführbare, imperative Prozessmodelle übersetzt. Die Generierung dieser Prozessmodelle basiert dabei auf der Orchestrierung wiederverwendbarer Managementbausteine, die in Form von Subprozessen modelliert sind und als Management-Planlets bezeichnet werden. Durch diese Transformation werden die Stärken beider Paradigmen vereint und umfangreiches Management komplexer IT-Systeme ermöglicht. Zudem wird ein musterbasiertes Verfahren vorgestellt, mithilfe dessen Managementaufgaben in deklarativen Managementmodellen automatisch auf Probleme analysiert und diesbezüglich korrigiert werden können. Dadurch wird die Korrektheit der Durchführung gewährleistet und der Systemadministrator bei der Modellierung der Modelle unterstützt. Die in dieser Arbeit vorgestellten Konzepte werden im Rahmen des sogenannten PALMA-Frameworks prototypisch implementiert, um die praktische Umsetzbarkeit der theoretischen Konzepte und Ansätze zu validieren