44,978 research outputs found
Postsecular instruments of acculturation : CzesĆaw MiĆosz's works from the second American Stay
The article raises the question about the ways in which religious tradition can become an ally in the process of acculturation while serving the modern subject both as a springboard for innovative, creative work and as a tool of self-improvement. CzesĆaw MiĆosz's selected works from his second stay in the United States (1961-1980) are analysed from the postsecular perspective which recognises religion as a full-fledged actor in the process of modern transformations that may broaden the field of artistic choice but remains vulnerable to artistic resemantizations or even profanations (Agamben). Such an analysis allows us to interpret the poem From the Rising of the Sun as a form of reconciliation of MiĆosz's American and Lithuanian experience (as well as of maturity and childhood, centre and periphery, modern and pre-modern cultural formation) through textual practices inspired by his private Liturgy of the Hours. In this light, the translations of the Books of the Bible on which MiĆosz worked, his novel The Mountains of Parnassus, as well as his essays from Visions from San Francisco Bay emerge as instruments of shaping the communal identity with the use of pre-existing rituals, which are, nonetheless, also negotiated in the act of writing
LEXICAL PITFALLS IN POLISH-ENGLISH LEGAL TRANSLATION: A CASE STUDY INVOLVING STUDENTS OF ENGLISH PHILOLOGY IN POLAND
ArtykuĆ ukazuje problemy jakie napotkali studenci I i II roku anglistyki, ktĂłrym postawiono za zadanie przetĆumaczyÄ z jÄzyka polskiego na angielski, fragment uchwaĆy SÄ
du NajwyĆŒszego dotyczÄ
cej wykonania Europejskiego Nakazu Aresztowania. Autor â czynny zawodowo prawnik â prokurator Prokuratury Rejonowej â analizuje ok. 20 zwrotĂłw prawniczych pochodzÄ
cych z tej uchwaĆy i, odnoszÄ
c siÄ do oficjalnego tĆumaczenia tekstu, dokonuje analizy tĆumaczeĆ zaproponowanych przez studentĂłw (w sumie 108 wersji) przedstawiajÄ
c i opisujÄ
c zaistniaĆe bĆÄdy. Przeanalizowane przykĆady ukazujÄ
specyfikÄ jÄzyka prawnego i prawniczego oraz zawiĆoĆci i puĆapki leksykalno-syntaktyczne, jakie czyhajÄ
na polskiego tĆumacza zajmujÄ
cego siÄ przekĆadem prawniczych tekstĂłw z jÄzyka polskiego na jÄzyk angielski lub odwrotnie. OmĂłwione przykĆady wskazujÄ
na potrzebÄ wysoce profesjonalnego szkolenia studentĂłw neofilologii w zakresie przekĆadu tekstĂłw specjalistycznych.The article illustrates problems which were encountered by students of the first and second year of English Philology, who had been given a task of translating from Polish into English a passage from a Supreme Court act, concerning the European Arrest Warrant execution. The author who is an active lawyer â working as a prosecutor of the District Prosecutorâs Office â analyzes almost twenty legal phrases coming from the original text and, comparing them with the official version of translation, examines the studentsâ versions (108 translations altogether) which are then accompanied by descriptions and comments on the mistakes made. The analyzed examples show the uniqueness of the legal language and its pitfalls as well as lexical and syntactic dilemmas which create linguistic traps for a Polish translator who is preoccupied with translation of legal texts from Polish into English or vice versa. Moreover, the discussed cases indicate the need for a highly professional training of philology students, especially in the area of ESP (English for Special Purposes)
Defining Law Terms: A Cross-Cultural Perspective
The translation practice trends towards legal definitions seem to be more and more informed by the globalization and âEuropeanisationâ processes now constituting a still broader context of legal communication rather than confined to the text of a legal instrument itself
Barry Smith an sich
Festschrift in Honor of Barry Smith on the occasion of his 65th Birthday. Published as issue 4:4 of the journal Cosmos + Taxis: Studies in Emergent Order and Organization. Includes contributions by Wolfgang Grassl, Nicola Guarino, John T. Kearns, Rudolf LĂŒthe, Luc Schneider, Peter Simons, Wojciech Ć»eĆaniec, and Jan WoleĆski
Institutional Change and Governance Indexes in Transition Economies: the case of Poland
In the former communist countries, institutional change, i.e. transition towards market economy, is affected not only by introduction of law and formal institutions (change "by design"), but also by social norms, old values and habits (informal institutions). I present an empirical paper focusing on transition of the Polish Economy. I used a questionnaire which was administered to a sample of about 1000 Polish firms in order to verify the impact of economic institutions on the "residual productivity". Throughout the questionnaire I built six governance indexes. Then I tested the impact of the governance indexes on the productivity of firms. I observed that the economic performance of the eastern regions of Poland, where governance indexes are worse than western, are poorer than that of the western regions of Polandformal and informal economic institutions, trust, transition economics, governance indexes, productivity
Participation of city residents in the ongoing activities of public transportation providers
The organization and management of public transportation is one of the most important responsibilities of local authorities. In view of the dynamically changing conditions of modern citiesâ transportation policies, actions in this area pose a challenge, involving the standardization of transportation and its adjustment to the transportation needs and expectations of residents not only of individual cities, but of entire metropolitan areas. One of the ways to tailor transportation to the needs of residents is to continuously coordinate on the basis of diagnosis and analysis of residentsâ demands. Public transportation passenger councils provide a forum for exchanging views on this issue. In Poland, only the authorities of Warsaw have thus far decided to establish such a body
Interpreting Trust: Abstract and Personal Trust for People Who Need Interpreters to Access Services
This article looks at the political and conceptual process of trust drawing on a research project exploring the experiences of people who speak little English and thus need interpreters in order to access services. We examine posited solidarity/diversity tensions in the politicisation of notions of general social trust, and debates about the process of trust, including distinctions between abstract and personal trust, the role of familiarity, and the concept of 'active trust', as well as challenges to the functional link between interpretation and expectation in trust. We address the increasing professionalisation of interpreting service provision based on abstract trust, and use case studies to illustrate the complexity of the articulation of trust in interpreters, often involving personal trust, as well as strategies for managing distrust. We conclude that, while trust may be a personal praxis, it takes place in a particular socio-political context that involves asymmetrical relations that focus on particular, minority ethnic, groups.Interpreters, Professionalisation, Solidarity/diversity, Trust
Institutional Transplants in the Transformation of Poland's Economy and Polity
The collapse of communism faced Poland and other former Soviet bloc countries with the need for a massive âinstitutional refitâ, as regards both economic and political institutions. This paper describes where some of the key new institutions were derived from (either in the form of transplants from other countries, revivals of pre-communist domestic institutions or completely new local âinstitutional innovationsâ), and proposes some tentative views as to why the particular developments we observe took place, and whether they corresponded to needs at the time. In the case of transplants, we attempt to explain why these were copied from one particular country rather than from others.Institutional economics, institutional transplants, legal systems, transition,Poland
The Bill of Rights and the Emerging Democracies
Today, the influence of the US Bill of Rights can be traced through its remote offspring, including the Helsinki Agreement, the German Basic Law, the post-war French constitutions, and the European Convention on Human Rights. These documents have influenced recent developments in the emerging democracies of eastern and central Europe
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