10,881 research outputs found
Integration of ontologies with decentralized autonomous organizations development: A systematic literature review
This paper presents a systematic literature review of the integration of ontologies into the Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO) development process. The review extracted data from 34 primary studies dealing with ontologies in the blockchain domain. DAO has become a key concept for the development of blockchain-based decentralized software systems. DAOs are seen as a positive alternative for organizations interested in the adoption of decentralized, reliable and transparent governance, as well as attracting the interest of academic research. However, there is no common understanding or generally accepted formal definition of a DAO, and the guidelines that provide support for the adoption and development of DAOs are limited to a few key references that lack the computational semantics needed to enable their automated validation, simulation or execution. Thus, the objective of this paper is to provide an unbiased and up-to-date review related to the integration of ontologies within DAOs which helps to identify new research opportunities and take advantage of this integration from a blockchain-based decentralized perspective
The choice and effects of governance mechanisms for regulating client-contractor relationships in large construction projects
A questionnaire survey was conducted in Iran and Australia to study the choice and effects of governance mechanisms in regulating client-contractor relationships in two culturally and legally diverse environments. Data collected from 73 Iranian and 38 Australian client-contractor partnerships were then analyzed using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method. The contributions of this thesis are threefold; first, it contributes to social capital theory and social exchange theory by revealing that social capital and collaboration play different roles in regulating exchange relationships; for example, the results showed that where there is no substitutive or complementary relationship between social capital and formal contract, collaboration and formal contract complement each other. Second, it contributes to the inter-organizational relationships (IORs) and project management literature by introducing a new construct of âproject control capabilityâ and showing the importance of its role in transaction performance; for example, the findings showed that if collaboration is not effectively implemented to enhance âproject control capabilityâ, its impact on project performance will disappear. Third, this thesis enriches the IORs literature by identifying and elaborating how culture and contract enforceability influence the choice and effects of governance mechanisms. For instance, the findings showed that while collaboration is the main contributor to relationship satisfaction in Australia as an individualistic country with high contract enforceability, social capital is the main motivator for relationship satisfaction in Iran with its collectivistic culture and low contract enforceability. Together, this study provides important theoretical and managerial insights and opens the way for more research within IORs context, particularly with regard to complex conditions in large construction projects
Capabilities, Confusion, and the Costs of Coordination On Some Problems in Recent Research On Inter-Firm Relations
The arguably dominant approaches to the study of interfirm relations are the capabilities and organizational economics perspectives. This paper discusses their merits and weaknesses, concentrating on the capabilities perspective, which is argued to rest on rather weak foundations, particularly as a theory of economic organization (including interfirm relations). However, it is suggested that both perspectives may be seen as part of an overarching bargaining approach to economic organization (yet to be developed). Both perspectives have identified impediments to efficient bargaining.Interfirm relations, capabilities, organizational economics, research methodology
Contracting outsourced services with collaborative key performance indicators
While service outsourcing may benefit from the application of performanceâbased contracts (PBCs), the implementation of such contracts is usually challenging. Service performance is often not only dependent on supplier effort but also on the behavior of the buying firm. Existing research on performanceâbased contracting provides very limited understanding on how this challenge may be overcome. This article describes a design science research project that develops a novel approach to buyerâsupplier contracting, using collaborative key performance indicators (KPIs). Collaborative KPIs evaluate and reward not only the supplier contribution to customer performance but also the customer's behavior to enable this. In this way, performanceâbased contracting can also be applied to settings where supplier and customer activities are interdependent, while traditional contracting theories suggest that output controls are not effective under such conditions. In the collaborative KPI contracting process, indicators measure both supplier and customer (buying firm) performance and promote collaboration by being defined through a collaborative process and by focusing on endâofâprocess indicators. The article discusses the original case setting of a telecommunication service provider experiencing critical problems in outsourcing IT services. The initial intervention implementing this contracting approach produced substantial improvements, both in performance and in the relationship between buyer and supplier. Subsequently, the approach was tested and evaluated in two other settings, resulting in a set of actionable propositions on the efficacy of collaborative KPI contracting. Our study demonstrates how defining, monitoring, and incentivizing the performance of specific processes at the buying firm can help alleviate the limitations of traditional performanceâbased contracting when the supplier's liability for service performance is difficult to verify
Legal Issues and Risks Associated with Building Information Modeling Technology
Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a tool that has already changed the ways projects are conceived, designed, communicated and constructed by integrating the fragmented Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry. BIM has proven to reduce risk by eliminating inefficiencies and redundancies while improving collaboration and communication which ultimately enhances the overall productivity of the project. Despite the significant benefits associated with BIM there are a host of legal issues, risks and barriers which the industry has not addressed properly. In the context of this gap, the purpose of this thesis is to introduce the subject of BIM and provide an overview of its current uses in AEC industry. A wide spectrum survey and detailed case study was conducted. BIM methods are expanding and have entered mainstream use, which requires immediate consideration to properly address the Legal Issues and Risks of BIM to support this dramatic shift in project delivery methods
Elements of the industrial operation model in the Iranian construction industry
Abstract. The construction industry is notorious for its conservatism and low levels of productivity. During the previous decade, this industry lagged behind other efficient and profitable industries, such as the automobile industry, and was slow to adopt its best practices. The rate of development in this industry is not very encouraging. This research aims to adopt best practices and efficient systems from other industries into the construction industry. This research aims to create a model for a case study of Iranian construction companies to achieve the objective of a productive construction industry.
In this study, several important Iranian construction companies that mostly operate as contractors were chosen for the case study. The author prepared the semi-structured interview to collect empirical data. The interview topic and questions were derived from a survey of the relevant research literature to determine the main elements of the industrial operation model (IOM). Following the interview, the data was evaluated to illustrate the existing status of Iranian construction companies, and then a model was developed for IOM.
The data indicate that Iranian construction companies are well behind other industries, such as automotive, in terms of industrial operation model and productivity. The research reveals the limited product lifecycle engagement, simple portfolio management, limited data strategy, lack of advanced visualization, and marketing and sales processes. This study employs empirical data to establish a methodology for Iranian construction companies to maximize their IOM benefits. In the created model, construction companies are present throughout the product lifecycle, from the feasibility study through the sale, marketing, and operation stage. According to this model, organizations could profit from improved alliance contracts, more income from more work, effective data strategy and knowledge management, and enhanced production processes. To accomplish this, they must reorganize their business operations and place greater emphasis on portfolio management, data strategy, and marketing and sales processes, resulting in enhanced productization
The propensity of building information modelling and integrated project delivery in building construction project
The Building Information Modelling (BIM) implementation is to create a centralised knowledge sharing resource that contains all the necessary design and operational information about the project. BIM is a collaborative approach and integrated project delivery to design and delivery embraced by various construction teams in the construction projects. In the context of the most suitable project delivery to be used, with regards to the use of BIM, the Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) approach is highlighted as the best method which correlates building procurement of the design-to-construction business process through literature review analysis. IPD is developed as project delivery system that integrates people in effective collaborative approach between the key players in the project. IPD is going to be particularly beneficial for BIM because the contracts relation between the contractor, designers, consultants, constructors, sub-contractors and suppliers were binded and expressly determined at earlier stage. This relationship between these two subjects will helped the project team to achieve the project goals in terms of timely schedule, life cycle costs, quality and sustainability in construction project. Therefore, this study investigates on the propensity of the best methodology of project delivery system which can correlate with procurement adoption for projects adapt BIM concept. This is a descriptive study and the method used is based on review of the literature in relation to BIM and IPD. The analysis revealed that propensity of adopting IPD project delivery and the adoption of BIM are based on these factors: improve the communication, closer collaboration; liability and legal relationships are specifically determined, the best quality outcome; and lastly with reductions in design and construction period, it provides a cost effectiveness and a saving in overall construction period
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