The Interplay between attention, experience and skills in online language teaching

The demand for online teaching is growing as is the recognition that online teachers require highly sophisticated skills to manage classrooms and create an environment conducive to learning. However, there is little rigorous empirical research investigating teachers’ thoughts and actions during online tutorials. Taking a sociocultural perspective, this study explores the interplay between the attention focus of language teachers during synchronous online tutorials and their reflections on their own teaching practices. Eyetracking data show that patterns of attention focus on different areas of the screen (representing technical facilities, social interaction and content) are related to practitioners’ experience in online teaching including familiarity with a particular platform. In particular, those with less online teaching experience display greater attention to technical areas than their more experienced colleagues. These findings are confirmed in the teachers’ reflective interviews, stimulated by watching gazeplot videos of their online tutorials. Their reflections also yield deeper insight into reasons for particular actions. Thematic analysis was used to relate the reflections on teaching strategies to the levels of online teaching skills (Hampel & Stickler 2005, New skills for new classrooms: Training tutors to teach languages online. Computer Assisted Language Learning 18(4). 311–326). Our research has extended Bax’s normalisation (2003, CALL – past, present and future. System 31(1). 13–28. doi: 10.1016/s0346-251x(02)00071-4) of the use of technology in face-to-face classroom learning into online learning environments. Mirroring the ontogenetic development of increasing digitalisation, teachers in online environments appropriate the skills necessary to free cognitive resources for attending to social and pedagogic aspects of their teaching

China's Soft Power Success in Esports

학위논문(석사) -- 서울대학교대학원 : 국제대학원 국제학과(국제협력전공), 2021.8. 문유정.By 2018, China had become an indisputable leader in the global esports scene. Yet its modern, international image as a game-changer sat diametrically opposite to a China, according to mainstream media, that was in pursuit of power and a dream of becoming a global leader. Moreover, China’s success in establishing soft power in the world of esports also contrasted to its tireless but futile efforts to refurbish its national brand. Hence, this paper asks, why and how did China achieve soft power success through esports? I fundamentally argue that the nonstop, cyclical interplay of the three dimensions—structure (measured by the network topology), culture (defined by the level of its diffusion or diffusibility), and society (based on its compatibility to structural and cultural changes)—in the two-decade-long development of China’s esports resulted in a greater vigor of China’s soft power.현재까지 논의된 소프트파워 연구는 문화자원에서 비롯된 소프트파워 전환 메커니즘을 지나치게 간소화한 이론적 모델에 의존하고 있다. 때문에, 실제 소프트파워 증강 과정을 이해하기 위해서는 구조적∙문화적∙사회적 변화를 중심으로 한 3차원 모델을 통한 분석이 필요하다. 본 논문은 이와 같은 3차원 모델을 기반으로 이스포츠를 통한 중국의 소프트 파워 부상에 대한 사례를 연구하고자 한다. 결과적으로, 중국의 이스포츠 발전이 이루어진 네트워크 구조의 특성과 문화적 전파에 따른 신∙구 문화의 공존과 융합, 그리고 시류에 알맞은 사회적 변화가 중국이 세계 이스포츠의 중심축으로 성장하는 토대가 되었다. 즉, 이러한 이스포츠 발전 배경 속에 중국은 21세기 문화적 자원을 통한 성공적인 소프트파워의 향상을 낳았다.I. Introduction 1 II. A Three-Dimensional Model of Soft Power 7 III. Literature Review 23 3.1 Discourse on China’s Soft Power 23 3.2 Discourse on China’s Esports 30 IV. Research Design 41 V. The Development of China’s Esports 45 5.1 Phase 1: Esports as a Game 45 5.2 Phase 2: Esports as a Sport 53 5.3 Phase 3: Esports as Media 74 5.4 Summary 95 VI. China’s Soft Power, Quantified 99 VII. Conclusion 106 References 110 Acknowledgements 129석

Symbiosis between the TRECVid benchmark and video libraries at the Netherlands Institute for Sound and Vision

Audiovisual archives are investing in large-scale digitisation efforts of their analogue holdings and, in parallel, ingesting an ever-increasing amount of born- digital files in their digital storage facilities. Digitisation opens up new access paradigms and boosted re-use of audiovisual content. Query-log analyses show the shortcomings of manual annotation, therefore archives are complementing these annotations by developing novel search engines that automatically extract information from both audio and the visual tracks. Over the past few years, the TRECVid benchmark has developed a novel relationship with the Netherlands Institute of Sound and Vision (NISV) which goes beyond the NISV just providing data and use cases to TRECVid. Prototype and demonstrator systems developed as part of TRECVid are set to become a key driver in improving the quality of search engines at the NISV and will ultimately help other audiovisual archives to offer more efficient and more fine-grained access to their collections. This paper reports the experiences of NISV in leveraging the activities of the TRECVid benchmark

Alternative Histories of Social Media in Japan and China

The range, importance, and influence of aalternative histories of social media is vital, if we are to understand –– not misconstrue –– the contemporary dynamics of social media. In chapter, which draws on our earlier work aimed at internationalizing Internet studies and reframing the Internet in terms of its global histories (Goggin & McLelland, 2009 & 2017b), we discuss a range of alternative histories of social media outside the usual North American and European paradigms. In particular, we examine two distinct though also related Asian cases: Japan and China. Each case has its own complex dynamics, however there are interesting comparisons and contrasts to be drawn. Taken together, we hope that this two-country comparative discussion illustrates the importance and productiveness of generating alternative social histories to the dominant accounts –– which tend to assume, to their peril, that Western social media platforms and corporations have trumped their non-Western counterparts.Australian Research Counci

Construction of Social Service Ability of University Humanities and Social Sciences

Improving social service ability of university humanities and social sciences is not only the new demand responding to the major theoretical and practical problems, but also the mission of promoting the national soft power. The paper puts forward some suggestions for improving social service ability of university humanities and social sciences by describing current situation and analyzing problems, which helps improve the path so as to enhance the level of social service ability of university humanities and social sciences to a new height

An aesthetic for sustainable interactions in product-service systems?

Copyright @ 2012 Greenleaf PublishingEco-efficient Product-Service System (PSS) innovations represent a promising approach to sustainability. However the application of this concept is still very limited because its implementation and diffusion is hindered by several barriers (cultural, corporate and regulative ones). The paper investigates the barriers that affect the attractiveness and acceptation of eco-efficient PSS alternatives, and opens the debate on the aesthetic of eco-efficient PSS, and the way in which aesthetic could enhance some specific inner qualities of this kinds of innovations. Integrating insights from semiotics, the paper outlines some first research hypothesis on how the aesthetic elements of an eco-efficient PSS could facilitate user attraction, acceptation and satisfaction