2,194 research outputs found

    Factors of Emotion and Affect in Designing Interactive Virtual Characters

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    The Arts: 1st Place (The Ohio State University Edward F. Hayes Graduate Research Forum)This paper represents a review of literature concerning factors of affective interactive virtual character design. Affect and it's related concepts are defined followed by a detail of work being conducted in relevant areas such as design, animation, robotics. The intent of this review as to inform the author on overlapping concepts in fields related to affective design in order to apply these concepts interactive character development.A three-year embargo was granted for this item

    λ‘œλ΄‡μ˜ 신체 μ–Έμ–΄κ°€ μ‚¬νšŒμ  νŠΉμ„±κ³Ό 인간 μœ μ‚¬μ„±μ— λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ (석사) -- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› : μ‚¬νšŒκ³Όν•™λŒ€ν•™ 심리학과, 2021. 2. Sowon Hahn.The present study investigated the role of robots’ body language on perceptions of social qualities and human-likeness in robots. In experiment 1, videos of a robot’s body language varying in expansiveness were used to evaluate the two aspects. In experiment 2, videos of social interactions containing the body languages in experiment 1 were used to further examine the effects of robots’ body language on these aspects. Results suggest that a robot conveying open body language are evaluated higher on perceptions of social characteristics and human-likeness compared to a robot with closed body language. These effects were not found in videos of social interactions (experiment 2), which suggests that other features play significant roles in evaluations of a robot. Nonetheless, current research provides evidence of the importance of robots’ body language in judgments of social characteristics and human-likeness. While measures of social qualities and human-likeness favor robots that convey open body language, post-experiment interviews revealed that participants expect robots to alleviate feelings of loneliness and empathize with them, which require more diverse body language in addition to open body language. Thus, robotic designers are encouraged to develop robots capable of expressing a wider range of motion. By enabling complex movements, more natural communications between humans and robots are possible, which allows humans to consider robots as social partners.λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” λ‘œλ΄‡μ˜ 신체 μ–Έμ–΄κ°€ μ‚¬νšŒμ  νŠΉμ„±κ³Ό μΈκ°„κ³Όμ˜ μœ μ‚¬μ„±μ— λŒ€ν•œ μΈκ°„μ˜ 인식에 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯을 νƒμƒ‰ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μ‹€ν—˜ 1μ—μ„œλŠ” λ‘œλ΄‡μ˜ 개방적 신체 μ–Έμ–΄κ°€ λ¬˜μ‚¬λœ μ˜μƒκ³Ό 폐쇄적 신체 μ–Έμ–΄κ°€ λ¬˜μ‚¬λœ μ˜μƒμ„ 톡해 μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ„Έ 가지 츑면을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€. μ‹€ν—˜ 2μ—μ„œλŠ” μ‹€ν—˜ 1의 신체 μ–Έμ–΄κ°€ ν¬ν•¨λœ λ‘œλ΄‡κ³Ό μ‚¬λžŒ κ°„μ˜ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš© μ˜μƒμ„ ν™œμš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ‘œλ΄‡μ˜ 신체 μ–Έμ–΄κ°€ μœ„ 두 가지 츑면에 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯을 νƒμƒ‰ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 결과적으둜, μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 폐쇄적 신체 μ–Έμ–΄λ₯Ό ν‘œν˜„ν•˜λŠ” λ‘œλ΄‡μ— λΉ„ν•΄ 개방적 신체 μ–Έμ–΄λ₯Ό ν‘œν˜„ν•˜λŠ” λ‘œλ΄‡μ„ μ‚¬νšŒμ  νŠΉμ„±κ³Ό μΈκ°„κ³Όμ˜ μœ μ‚¬μ„±μ— λŒ€ν•œ 인식 λ©΄μ—μ„œ 더 λ†’κ²Œ ν‰κ°€ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것을 ν™•μΈν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ‚¬λžŒκ³Όμ˜ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©μ„ 담은 μ˜μƒμ„ ν†΅ν•΄μ„œλŠ” μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ νš¨κ³Όκ°€ λ°œκ²¬λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μœΌλ©°, μ΄λŠ” μ‹€ν—˜ 2에 ν¬ν•¨λœ μŒμ„± λ“±μ˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ νŠΉμ§•μ΄ λ‘œλ΄‡μ— λŒ€ν•œ 평가에 μ€‘μš”ν•œ 역할을 ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ‹œμ‚¬ν•œλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸΌμ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³ , λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” λ‘œλ΄‡μ˜ 신체 μ–Έμ–΄κ°€ μ‚¬νšŒμ  νŠΉμ„± 및 μΈκ°„κ³Όμ˜ μœ μ‚¬μ„±μ— λŒ€ν•œ μΈμ‹μ˜ μ€‘μš”ν•œ μš”μΈμ΄ λœλ‹€λŠ” κ·Όκ±°λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•œλ‹€. μ‚¬νšŒμ  νŠΉμ„±κ³Ό μΈκ°„κ³Όμ˜ μœ μ‚¬μ„±μ˜ μ²™λ„μ—μ„œλŠ” 개방적 신체 μ–Έμ–΄λ₯Ό ν‘œν˜„ν•˜λŠ” λ‘œλ΄‡μ΄ 더 λ†’κ²Œ ν‰κ°€λ˜μ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ, μ‹€ν—˜ ν›„ μΈν„°λ·°μ—μ„œλŠ” λ‘œλ΄‡μ΄ μ™Έλ‘œμš΄ 감정을 μ™„ν™”ν•˜κ³  κ³΅κ°ν•˜κΈ°λ₯Ό κΈ°λŒ€ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜ 이 상황듀에 μ μ ˆν•œ 폐쇄적 신체 μ–Έμ–΄ λ˜ν•œ λ°°μ œν•  수 μ—†λ‹€κ³  해석할 수 μžˆλ‹€. 이에 따라 λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œλŠ” λ‘œλ΄‡ λ””μžμ΄λ„ˆλ“€μ΄ λ”μš± λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ λ²”μœ„μ˜ μ›€μ§μž„μ„ ν‘œν˜„ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” λ‘œλ΄‡μ„ κ°œλ°œν•˜λ„λ‘ μž₯λ €ν•œλ‹€. κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ μ„¬μ„Έν•œ μ›€μ§μž„μ— λ”°λ₯Έ μžμ—°μŠ€λŸ¬μš΄ μ˜μ‚¬μ†Œν†΅μ„ 톡해 인간이 λ‘œλ΄‡μ„ μ‚¬νšŒμ  λ™λ°˜μžλ‘œ 인식할 수 μžˆμ„ 것이닀.Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1. Motivation 1 2. Theoretical Background and Previous Research 3 3. Purpose of Study 12 Chapter 2. Experiment 1 13 1. Objective and Hypotheses 13 2. Methods 13 3. Results 21 4. Discussion 31 Chapter 3. Experiment 2 34 1. Objective and Hypotheses 34 2. Methods 35 3. Results 38 4. Discussion 50 Chapter 4. Conclusion 52 Chapter 5. General Discussion 54 References 60 Appendix 70 ꡭ문초둝 77Maste

    Moral Reasoning and Emotion

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    This chapter discusses contemporary scientific research on the role of reason and emotion in moral judgment. The literature suggests that moral judgment is influenced by both reasoning and emotion separately, but there is also emerging evidence of the interaction between the two. While there are clear implications for the rationalism-sentimentalism debate, we conclude that important questions remain open about how central emotion is to moral judgment. We also suggest ways in which moral philosophy is not only guided by empirical research but continues to guide it

    Conversations on Empathy

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    In the aftermath of a global pandemic, amidst new and ongoing wars, genocide, inequality, and staggering ecological collapse, some in the public and political arena have argued that we are in desperate need of greater empathy β€” be this with our neighbours, refugees, war victims, the vulnerable or disappearing animal and plant species. This interdisciplinary volume asks the crucial questions: How does a better understanding of empathy contribute, if at all, to our understanding of others? How is it implicated in the ways we perceive, understand and constitute others as subjects? Conversations on Empathy examines how empathy might be enacted and experienced either as a way to highlight forms of otherness or, instead, to overcome what might otherwise appear to be irreducible differences. It explores the ways in which empathy enables us to understand, imagine and create sameness and otherness in our everyday intersubjective encounters focusing on a varied range of "radical others" – others who are perceived as being dramatically different from oneself. With a focus on the importance of empathy to understand difference, the book contends that the role of empathy is critical, now more than ever, for thinking about local and global challenges of interconnectedness, care and justice

    Modelling emotional valence and arousal of non-linguistic utterances for sound design support

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    Non-Linguistic Utterances (NLUs), produced for popular media, computers, robots, and public spaces, can quickly and wordlessly convey emotional characteristics of a message. They have been studied in terms of their ability to convey affect in robot communication. The objective of this research is to develop a model that correctly infers the emotional Valence and Arousal of an NLU. On a Likert scale, 17 subjects evaluated the relative Valence and Arousal of 560 sounds collected from popular movies, TV shows, and video games, including NLUs and other character utterances. Three audio feature sets were used to extract features including spectral energy, spectral spread, zero-crossing rate (ZCR), Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs), and audio chroma, as well as pitch, jitter, formant, shimmer, loudness, and Harmonics-to-Noise Ratio, among others. After feature reduction by Factor Analysis, the best-performing models inferred average Valence with a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.107 and Arousal with MAE of 0.097 on audio samples removed from the training stages. These results suggest the model infers Valence and Arousal of most NLUs to less than the difference between successive rating points on the 7-point Likert scale (0.14). This inference system is applicable to the development of novel NLUs to augment robot-human communication or to the design of sounds for other systems, machines, and settings

    Responses to human-like artificial agents : effects of user and agent characteristics

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    Conversations on Empathy

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    In the aftermath of a global pandemic, amidst new and ongoing wars, genocide, inequality, and staggering ecological collapse, some in the public and political arena have argued that we are in desperate need of greater empathy β€” be this with our neighbours, refugees, war victims, the vulnerable or disappearing animal and plant species. This interdisciplinary volume asks the crucial questions: How does a better understanding of empathy contribute, if at all, to our understanding of others? How is it implicated in the ways we perceive, understand and constitute others as subjects? Conversations on Empathy examines how empathy might be enacted and experienced either as a way to highlight forms of otherness or, instead, to overcome what might otherwise appear to be irreducible differences. It explores the ways in which empathy enables us to understand, imagine and create sameness and otherness in our everyday intersubjective encounters focusing on a varied range of "radical others" – others who are perceived as being dramatically different from oneself. With a focus on the importance of empathy to understand difference, the book contends that the role of empathy is critical, now more than ever, for thinking about local and global challenges of interconnectedness, care and justice

    The Impact of Dialogue Dynamics in Online Service Resolution

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    Complaint handling by frontline employees (FLEs) is increasingly occurring in digital channels. Drawing on dialogical interaction analysis, we demonstrate that customer complaints with more negative language are more difficult to solve, but by using dominant language and matching the consumer\u2019s linguistic style, FLEs can improve perceptions the complaint was resolved
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